Globalisation and Emerging Economies: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa

457 Pages·2009·5 MB·English

by  OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

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Globalisation and Emerging Economies
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bRAZiL, RUssiA, inDiA, inDOnEsiA, CHinA AnD sOUTH AFRiCA Globalisation l
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OECD countries still dominate the world economy, but their share of world trade has declined, and
some of the world’s most important economies are not members of the OECD. Foremost among and EmergingD Econod mies e
these are the so-called BRIICS: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa. a l
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This book analyses key elements of the trade performance of the BRIICS in relation to the rest of the bRAZiL, RUssiA, inDiA, inDOnEsiA, e
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world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. Developments in global E
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trade policy are reviewed, notably the impact of preferential trade agreements on the multilateral G O
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system, and patterns of world trade are described using both indices that reveal networks of trading b r
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isbn 978-92-64-04480-7 -:HSTCQE=UYY]U\:
51 2008 06 1 P
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Globalisation annd u
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Emerging Economies
BRAZIL, RUSSIA, INDIA, INDONESIA,
CHINA AND SOUTH AFRICA
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ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC ECO-OPERATION
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AND DEVELOPMENT e
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e _ it E FOREWORD –
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This publication takes stock of the increasing integration of leading developing countries into the global
trading system, the potential for further economic gains throDugh market openidn g reform, and thee
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associated policy implications. It seeks to shed light, in particular, on the situation of the so-calleud
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BRIICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa) through thematic aned
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individual country studies. E s
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The publication was edited by Raed Safadi and Ralph Lattimore. Jacqueline Maher and Crlarisse
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Legendre prepared, respectively, the written materials for the chapters andA the data, tables antd charts for
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the book. Laura Munro provided research assistance. Patrick Love and Deborah Pike at OECD/PAC
delivered guidance and inputs throughout the book preparation, printing and distribution phases of the
project. Author credits for the individual chapters are shown in the table of contents.
This publication represents a team effort and the contribution of each participant is gratefully
acknowledged by the OECD Trade and Agriculture Directorate, which had the lead in managing the
project under the overall supervision of Ken Ash, Deputy Director and Stefan Tangermann, Director.
GLOBALISATION AND EMERGING ECONOMIES – ISBN-978-92-64-04480-7© OECD 2008
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e _ itAUETHOR AFFLIATIONS –
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Author Affiliations
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Novella Bottini OECD and Universita Cattaneo (LIDVC), Castellanza, Idt aly. e
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Martina Garcia OECD. C e
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Malory Greene OECD. E
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Kozo Kiyota Yokohama National University andO Gerald R. Ford School of Public
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Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. r
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Przemyslaw Kowalski OECD. L e
Ralph Lattimore OECD.
Molly Lesher OECD.
Philip McCann University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand and Department of
Economics, University of Reading, United Kingdom.
Margit Molnar OECD.
Javier Reyes Sam W. Walton College of Business, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville,
Arkansas
Raed Safadi OECD.
Razeen Sally European Centre for International Political Economy, Brussels, Belgium.
Robert Stern Gerald R. Ford School of Public policy, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor.
David Tarr Consultant, Washington D.C.
Charles Tsai OECD.
GLOBALISATION AND EMERGING ECONOMIES – ISBN- 978-92-64-04480-7© OECD 2008
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e _ itTAEBLE OF CONTENTS –
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Table of Contents O
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Foreword .........................................................................................C.......................e.......................................... 3
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Author Affiliations ....................................................................................................................................s....... 5
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Acronyms ..................................................................................................n.......................................u...r............. 8
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Introduction byRaed Safadi and Ralph Lattimore ......................................................................................... 9
Chapter 1: The International Economic Order and Trade ArchitecturebyJavier Reyes, Martina Garcia and
Ralph Lattimore ......................................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 2: The Bilateral Trade Performance of the BRIICSby Przemyslaw Kowalski ............................... 39
Chapter 3: Globalisation, Multinationals and BRIICSby Philip McCann ................................................... 71
Chapter 4: Globalisation and the Political Economy of Trade Liberalisation in the BRIICS
by Razeen Sally ................................................................................................................... 117
Chapter 5: Storm in a Spaghetti Bowl: FTAs and the BRIICS by Kozo Kiyota, Margit Molnar and
Robert M. Stern ...................................................................................................................... 187
Chapter 6: Brazilby Ralph Lattimore and Przemyslaw Kowalski .............................................................. 211
Chapter 7: Russiaby David G. Tarr ........................................................................................................... 251
Chapter 8: Indiaby Przemyslaw Kowalski, Nora Dihel and Martina Garcia ............................................ 283
Chapter 9: Indonesiaby Margit Molnar and Molly Lesher ....................................................................... 333
Chapter 10: Chinaby Malory Greene, Charles Tsai and Ralph Lattimore ................................................. 373
Chapter 11: South Africaby Przemyslaw Kowalski, Ralph Lattimore and Novella Bottini ........................ 397
GLOBALISATION AND EMERGING ECONOMIES – ISBN- 978-92-64-04480-7© OECD 2008
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ACRONMYS e _ it E
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AD anti-dumping duties
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ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations D d e
BRIC Brazil, Russia, India and China a l
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BRIICS Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa e
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FDI foreign direct investment s
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GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade r
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IFDI inward foreign direct investment A c t
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MFN most favoured nation
NGO non-governmental organisation
NTB non-tariff barrier
PTA preferential trade agreement
ROO rules of origin
TRIMs Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Investment Measures
TRIPs Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
TFP total factor productivity
WTO World Trade Organisation
GLOBALISATION AND EMERGING ECONOMIES – ISBN-978-92-64-04480-7© OECD 2008