Global Trade Strategies: Interacting with Trade Institutions and Businesses

164 Pages·2020·5.294 MB·English

by  Michel Borgeon, Claude Cellich

Global Trade Strategies B Global Trade Strategies
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Interacting with Trade Institutions and Businesses
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N Interacting with Trade
Michel Borgeon • Claude Cellich

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Institutions and Businesses
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Developing global business strategies in today’s competitive and disruptive
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environment calls for greater interaction between the business sector and L
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government.
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Among the instruments available today are various market analytic tools. H
These tools coupled with new business models not only provide a competitive
edge but also becomes a necessity to survive in the global ever changing trade
environment.
This book concerns everyone dealing with market selection, market strate-
gies, and trade policy. The reader will be able to develop global strategies based
on trade information and trade fl ows analysis. An analysis of the most com-
petitive countries in world trade shows the importance of pro-business poli- D
cies, access to modern infrastructures, investment in research, and increased I
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productivity.
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The authors explain how to design practical strategies in a global context, A
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greater competition and uncertainty due to the introduction of new business

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models.
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Michel Borgeon is professor emeritus at International University in Geneva,. R
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Prior to joining International Trade Centre (ITC), he taught at the French Trade
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Promotion Center. At ITC, he held senior positions with extensive missions
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in Africa and Asia. He co-authored the textbook on Trade Promotion Strategies I
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Best Practices. He holds a PhD in economics, Paris Pantheon Sorbonne, and a
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diploma of the Institute of Political Sciences in Paris.

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Claude Cellich is currently vice president for external relations at the Interna-

tional University in Geneva. Over the years, he has lectured at the ENA in Paris, G
the University of Economics in Prague as well as at trade promotion organiza- L
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tions. Prior to joining academia, he held diplomatic positions in Geneva and
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India with the International Trade Centre the joint agency of the United Nations A
and the World Trade Organization. He co-authored textbooks on global busi- L

ness negotiations and trade promotion strategies. He holds graduate degrees in T
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economics and business administration from the University of Detroit.
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Michel Borgeon
International Business Collection E
Claude Cellich
S. Tamer Cavusgil, Michael Czinkota, and Gary Knight, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-94999-150-5
Global Trade Strategies

Global Trade Strategies
Interacting with Trade Institutions
and Businesses
Michel Borgeon and Claude Cellich
Global Trade Strategies: Interacting with Trade Institutions and Businesses
Copyright © Business Expert Press, LLC, 2020.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other
except for brief quotations, not to exceed 400 words, without the prior
permission of the publisher.
First published in 2020 by
Business Expert Press, LLC
222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017
www.businessexpertpress.com
ISBN-13: 978-1-94999-150-5 (paperback)
ISBN-13: 978-1-94999-151-2 (e-book)
Business Expert Press International Business Collection
Collection ISSN: 1948-2752 (print)
Collection ISSN: 1948-2760 (electronic)
Cover image licensed by Ingram Image, StockPhotoSecrets.com
Cover and interior design by Exeter Premedia Services Private Ltd.,
Chennai, India
First edition: 2020
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America.
Abstract
Developing global strategies call for new business models that ensure the
integration of digital technologies in their operations. Traditional ways
of doing business in an interconnected world requires firms to rethink
their strategies. Successful enterprises are recognizing the importance of
data analytics by exploring new insights into customer behavior, expe-
riences, forecasting demand improving supply-chain performance and
overall operational efficiencies. The disruptive global business environ-
ment has led trade promotion organizations to develop innovative tools
and to design trade strategies that take into account digital transforma-
tion, rapidly changing market conditions and the entry of new types of
competitors. To survive in the global digital economy, trade officials and
business executives need to rethink what business they are in and how to
digitalize their operations.
Keywords
artificial intelligence; competitiveness; trade information; trade flows;
trade development; trade maps; SMEs case studies (Finland, Ireland,
Singapore, New Zealand, Mauritius, Republic of Korea); disruptive
innovation; globalization; strategies; value added chain concept

Contents
Preface ..................................................................................................ix
Chapter 1 International Trade Promotion: Why and How ................1
Chapter 2 Trade Development: Needs and Strategy Building ............7
Chapter 3 F acing New Challenges of the Most Recent Development
Schemes in a World of Regionalization / Globalization of
Trade ..............................................................................19
Chapter 4 Drivers of Competitiveness .............................................25
Chapter 5 S trategic Building Tool for Trade Analysis: The TiVA
Concept..........................................................................33
Chapter 6 I nternational Trade Information and Trade Flows
Analysis ..........................................................................37
Chapter 7 Trade Development Strategic Linkages ...........................47
Chapter 8 Selected Successful National Case Studies .......................63
Chapter 9 Trade Development Strategies for SMEs .......................107
Chapter 10 U sing the Trend in Value Added Concept Published by
OECD (TiVA Database) and the Canadian Trade Com-
missioner Service (TCS) Offer ......................................115
Chapter 11 D isruptive Innovation: A New Dimension of
Competitiveness Issues .................................................121
Chapter 12 Global Competitiveness Ranking ..................................127
Chapter 13 I ntegrating All Factors for Market Development:
Artificial Intelligence Systems, a Future Challenge for
Trade Support Institutions ............................................137
Chapter 14 R ethinking Global Trade Strategies in the
Digital Era ....................................................................141
About the Authors ...............................................................................145
Index .................................................................................................147

Preface
Business interacting with trade institutions reflects the exponential
changes that have taken place in recent years. The evolution of global
trade, greater competition, and particularly the growth of e-commerce
have drastically revolutionized the playing field. In other words, doing
business as usual is no longer viable. The availability of real-time data and
the integration of digital technologies in their business models enable
enterprises to rethink their strategies. The new realities and global chal-
lenges facing trade officials and business executives call for innovative
business models to pursue global opportunities in the digital era, keeping
in mind the new disrupting challenges and opportunities offered by Arti-
ficial Intelligence models.
Today, business executives are facing increasing pressure from the
marketplace for greater efficiency and lower transaction costs. These new
challenges can be overcome through shorter production cycles, digital
communication and efficient export processes by integrating new tech-
nologies in business models and government practices. In view of global
competition, businesses can no longer compete on price only but on their
enterprise capability to offer a total global response by its capacity to pro-
duce to international standards, deliver on time, faster than competition,
and provide complementary services to customers.
To compete successfully in global markets, trade development strat-
egies must take into account these new imperatives. It is essential that
strategies focus on competitiveness rather than on the traditional market
based approach. This entails the development of both tangibles and intan-
gibles as well as setting up clusters of export-oriented SMEs joining global
supply chains, shorter sourcing and networking among others. Several
countries have recognized these new challenges (Ireland, Finland, Mauri-
tius, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, and Singapore introduced in this
book) by including the private sector in developing trade strategies.
The availability of up-to-date detailed trade statistics by the World
Trade Organization, the World Bank, UNCTAD and ITC provide