Global Sport Sponsorship Sport Commerce and Culture Series ISSN: 1741-0916 Editor: David L. Andrews, University of Maryland The impact of sporting issues on culture and commerce both locally and globally is huge. However, the power and pervasiveness of this billion-dollar industry has yet to be deeply analyzed. Sports issues shape the economy, the media and even our lifestyle choices, ultimately playing an unquestionable role in our psychology. This series examines the sociological significance of the sports industry and the sporting world in contemporary cultures around the world. Previously published books in the series: Sport and Corporate Nationalisms, edited by Michael L. Silk, David Andrews & C.L. Cole Global Sport Sponsorship Edited by John Amis and T. Bettina Cornwell Oxford • New York English edition First published in 2005 by Berg Editorial offices: First Floor, Angel Court, 81 St Clements Street, Oxford OX4 1AW, UK 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA © John Amis and T. Bettina Cornwell 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of Berg. Berg is the imprint of Oxford International Publishers Ltd. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Global sport sponsorship / edited by John Amis and T. Bettina Cornwell. p. cm. — (Sport, commerce and culture) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-84520-081-0 (pbk.) — ISBN 1-84520-080-2 (cloth) 1. Sports sponsorship. 2. Sports and globalization. I. Amis, John, 1968- II. Cornwell, T. Bettina. III. Series. GV716.G57 2005 796'.0698—dc22 2005013775 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN-13 978 1 84520 080 0 (Cloth) 978 1 84520 081 7 (Paper) ISBN-10 1 84520 080 2 (Cloth) 1 84520 081 0 (Paper) Typeset by JS Typesetting Ltd, Porthcawl, Mid Glamorgan Printed in the United Kingdom by Biddles Ltd, King’s Lynn www.bergpublishers.com Contents List of Tables and Figures vii Notes on Contributors ix 1 Sport Sponsorship in a Global Age John Amis and T. Bettina Cornwell 1 2 Historical Hangovers or Burning Possibilities: Regulation and Adaptation in Global Tobacco and Alcohol Sponsorship Robert Sparks, Timothy Dewhirst, Shannon Jette and Amanda Schweinbenz 19 3 The Spatial Logics of Global Sponsorship: Corporate Capital, Cola Wars and Cricket Michael Silk and David Andrews 67 4 Global adidas: Sport, Celebrity and the Marketing of Difference Andrew D. Grainger, Joshua I. Newman and David L. Andrews 89 5 Sports Sponsorship and Tourism Flows Mike Weed 107 6 The [E-]Business of Sport Sponsorship Detlev Zwick and Oliver Dieterle 127 7 Global Sport Sponsorship: Towards a Strategic Understanding Don Roy 147 8 Image Transfer in Global Sport Sponsorship: Theoretical Support and Boundary Conditions Kevin Gwinner 163 9 Using the Olympics and FIFA World Cup to Enhance Global Brand Equity: A Case Study of Two Companies in the Payment Services Category Robert Madrigal, Colleen Bee and Monica LaBarge 179 v Contents 10 Alternative Global Avenues: Action Sports and Events James Gladden and Mark McDonald 191 11 Ambush Marketing: Research and Management Implications Janet Hoek 207 12 Examining International Alliances through Sponsorship Francis Farrelly and Pascale Quester 225 13 Evaluating Sponsorship Effects Tony Meenaghan 243 14 While the rich get richer . . . Challenging Inequities in Conventional Sport Sponsorship Sally Shaw 265 15 Gay Games or Gay Olympics? Corporate Sponsorship Issues Helen Jefferson Lenskyj 281 16 Global Sport Sponsorship: What Now? What’s Next? T. Bettina Cornwell and John Amis 297 Index 309 vi List of Tables and Figures Tables Table 2.1 Countries with restrictions on alcohol sponsorship of sports 31 Table 2.2 Countries with restrictions on tobacco sponsorship of sports 38 Table 5.1 Travel patterns of elite British track athletes 119 Table 12.1 MasterCard sponsorship programs 231 Table 12.2 Conceptual framework of sponsorship global alliances 238 Table 13.1 Sponsorship objectives, publics and effects 247 Table 13.2 Percentage of rights fee spent on research 250 Table 13.3 Bases for performance analysis 250 Table 13.4 Volvooceanrace.org to July 1, 2002 – site performance statistics 251 Table 13.5 Analysis of press coverage 253 Table 13.6 Unprompted awareness of companies commercially engaged in football (UK market) 255 Table 13.7 Texaco Formula One sponsorship 257 Table 13.8 The Guinness All-Ireland Hurling Championship 257 Table 15.1 Fundraising and sponsorships 290 Figures Figure 5.1 The tourism system 110 Figure 5.2 Sports tourism participation model 116 Figure 6.1 Effect of internet on brand 133 Figure 6.2 Potential effect of e-sport sponsorship on brand 133 Figure 8.1 Image transfer in global sport sponsorship 164 Figure 13.1 Effects of sponsorship on selected brand image dimensions 256 Figure 13.2 Effect of sponsorship on buying intention 259 vii This page intentionally left blank Notes on Contributors John Amis, Associate Professor, Department of Health & Sport Sciences and Department of Management, University of Memphis, USA David L. Andrews, Associate Professor, Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, USA Colleen Bee, Assistant Professor of Marketing, School of Business Administration, University of San Diego, USA T. Bettina Cornwell, Professor of Marketing, University of Queensland School of Business, Australia Timothy Dewhirst, Associate Professor, Department of Management and Marketing, University of Saskatchewan, Canada Oliver Dieterle, Program Manager, Deutsches SportFernsehen GmbH, Germany Francis Farrelly, Senior Lecturer, School of Marketing, Monash University, Australia James Gladden, Associate Professor, Department of Sport Management, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, USA Andrew D. Grainger, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, USA Kevin Gwinner, Associate Professor, Department of Marketing, Kansas State University, USA Janet Hoek, Professor of Marketing, Department of Marketing, Massey University, New Zealand Shannon Jetté, Doctoral Candidate, School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Canada ix
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