Global Dermatology: Diagnosis and Management According to Geography, Climate, and Culture

381 Pages·1994·28.32 MB·English

by  Lawrence Charles Parish (auth.)

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Lawrence Charles Parish, MD Larry E. Millikan, MD
1819 J. F. Kennedy Boulevard Suite 465 Professor and Chairman of Dermatology
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, USA Tulane University School of Medicine
and 1430 Tulane Avenue
Clinical Professor of Dermatology and Director New Orleans, LA 70112
Jefferson Center for International Dermatology USA
Jefferson Medical College
Thomas Jefferson University
Philadelphia, PA
USA
and
Visiting Professor of Dermatology
Yonsei University College-of Medicine
Seoul, Korea
and
Visiting Professor of Dermatology
and Venereology
Zagazig University
Zagazig, Egypt
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Global dermatology: diagnosis and management according to geography,
cljmate, and culture I edited by Lawrence Chades Parish and Larry
E. Millikan: with contributions by Mohamad Amer ... let al.].
p_. em.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13:978-1-4612-7607-4
1. Dermatology. 2. Medical geography. 3. Skin-Diseases
Epidemiology. 4. Dermatology-Cross-cultural studies. 1. Parish,
Lawrence Charles. ll. Millikan, Larry E., 1938-, m. Amer, Mohamad.
[DNLM: 1. Skin Diseases-diagnosis. 2. Skin Diseases-therapy,
3. Climate. 4. Anthropology, Cultural. WR 100 G562 1994]
RL72.G58 1994
616.5-dc20
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 93-26905
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 1994 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1994
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987654321
ISBN-13:978-1-4612-7607-4 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4612-2614-7
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2614-7
To our wives:
Sheila and Jeanine
Susan, Margaret, Anne, and Mary Ann
Preface
The concept of a textbook of global dermatology grew from the forums
conducted by us at the annual meetings of the American Academy of
Dermatology. Initially, these sessions were titled "Tropical Dermatology,"
but later we selected Global Dermatology as ~ term seemingly more
attractive to the North American participants. An equally important
factor in the development of this book grew from a desire to revise and
enlarge the textbook, Manual of Tropical Dermatology. 1
By global, we hope to convey with this word the tenets of the Inter
national Society of Dermatology: Tropical, Geographic and Ecologic.
The actual use of the term global dermatology should be attributed to
Frederick Reiss, founding Secretary-General of the Society, who wrote
two decades ago:
the investigation of geographic ecology of skin and venereal disease and basic
research. This means global dermatology and venereology.2
We had originally thought we had coined the term, when four years ago
we embarked on this project. We had previously discarded international
as being too political, and racial as being too charged.
Many books are concerned with tropical dermatology, 1,3-5 tropical vene
reology,6 racial differences/'s the environment,9 or with travel medicine,
10
but none to our knowledge has examined skin diseases and how they may
differ in various parts of the world due to socioeconomic, ecologic, climato
logic, or genetic influences. We wanted to know why the dermatologists of
yesteryear always focused on national or racial origin. Were they correct in
stating that some diseases were those of the poor or that ethnic background
was significant?11,12
As we began to look into the problems of sorting out what global
dermatology encompasses, we asked ourselves several questions: Does
geography make a difference? Does climate really alter disease states? Do
genetics significantly change the type of cutaneous affliction? Do socio
economic factors create new problems?
We then organized the book into the various sections as listed in
Contents, agonizing over the outline at the Zagazig International Con
ferences of Dermatology and Venereology and at other congresses. Ex
perts from around the world were invited to discuss selected aspects. We
had first thought that all chapters would fit into a proper form, but we
v
vi Preface
soon discovered that many terms are not universal, comparative epide
miologic data are not available everywhere, and most important, what
we might think worthy of discussion was uninteresting in another area of
the world.
13,14
Global Dermatology should be considered an adventure into uncharted
areas of dermatology. We have not intended to create another major
textbook in the field, but we have gathered contributions from many parts
of the world about aspects of the specialty that are often not included in
major review articles or even lengthy book chapters. We have not intended
to cover every country of the world-too many are created everyday to
include every race, with too much disagreement and variation-or to
discuss every variable; rather, we are presenting a distillation of dermato
logy as it appears around the globe in the closing years of the twentieth
century.
We are most appreciative of the wonderful cooperation contributed by
the staff at Springer-Verlag New York, Dr. Hirak Routh, Fellow in
International Dermatology, Jefferson Center for International Dermato
logy, and Ms. Carmela Ciferni, Philadelphia, provided editorial assistance
during the development and production of this book.
References
1. Pettit JHS, Parish LC: Manual of Tropical Dermatology. New York:
Springer-Verlag, 1984: 1-260.
2. Reiss F: International Society of Tropical Dermatology. Arch Dermatol1973;
107: 916.
3. Caiiizares 0: Introduction to tropical dermatology: Factors and concepts. In:
Clinical Tropical Dermatology, 1st ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publica
tions, 1975: 1-9.
4. Caiiizares 0: A Manual of Dermatology for Developing Countries. New
York: Oxford University Press, 1982: 1-355.
5. Caiiizares 0, Harman R: Introduction to tropical dermatology: Factors and
concepts. In: Caiiizares 0, Harman, R, ed. Clinical Tropical Dermatology.
London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992: 1-9.
6. Arya OP, Osoba AO, Bennett FJ: Tropical Venereology, 2nd ed. London:
Churchill Livingstone, 1988: 1-370.
7. Basset A: Dermatology of Black Skin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986:
1-114.
8. McDonald CJ, Scott D: Dermatology in black patients. Dermatol Clin 1988;
6: 343-496.
9. Marks R, Plewig G: The Environmental Threat to the Skin. London:
Martin Dunitz, 1992: 1-414.
10. Steffen R, Lobel HO, Hawroth J et al: Travel Medicine. New York: Springer
Verlag, 1989: 1-596.
11. Rubin MB, Parish LC: Dermatology of the 1870's: Patterns of occurrences
'Of cutaneous disease (1871-1874). Int J Dermatol1974; 13: 42-46.
12. Parish LC: History of tropical dermatology. Int J Dermatol 1985; 24:
1'91-193.
13. Rook A, Savin JA, Wilkinson DS: The prevalence, incidence and ecology of
diseases of the skin. In: Rook A, Wilkinson DS, Ebling FJG et aI, eds.
Textbook of Dermatology, 3rd ed. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications,
1979: 39-53.
Preface vii
14. Burton JL, Savin JA, Champion RH: Introduction, epidemiology and histor
ical bibliography. In: Champion RH, Burton JL, Ebling FJG, eds. Textbook
of Dermatology, 5th ed. London: BlackwelI Scientific Publications, 1992:
1-15.
15. Goihman Yahr, M: Nehushtan: The Globality of Cutaneous Medicine. Int J
Dermatol 1994; 33: 105-106.
February 9, 1994 Lawrence Charles Parish, MD
Philadelphia
Larry E. Millikan, MD
New Orleans
Contents
Preface........................................................... v
Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Part I. Prologue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. Comments................................................... 3
Lawrence Charles Parish
2. Tropical Medicine and Tropical Public Health............... 6
Barnet L. Cline
3. Dermatological Epidemiology.. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. 10
R. J. Hay and R. Estrada Castanon
4. Climatology.................................................. 15
Luitgard G. Wiest
5. Culture and Socioeconomic Background: Constructing the
Relationship Between the Skin, Touch, and Sexuality.. . .. . .. 20
Sander L. Gilman
6. The Cultural Construction of Illnesses of the Skin . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Inga-Britt Krause
7. The Globalization of Medical and Dermatologic Education.. 35
Alton J. Sutnick, Miriam Friedman, and Marjorie P. Wilson
Part II. The Influence of Migration and Travel ........... " . . . . . . 41
8. Comments................................................... 43
Robin A. C. Graham-Brown
ix
x Contents
9. The United States of America ............................... . 45
Y Alyssa Kim and Robert A. Schwartz
10. Western Europe ............................................. . 51
Aldo F Finzi and Alberto Fioroni
11. The United Kingdom ....................................... . 56
Robin A. C. Graham-Brown and Rebecca L. Neame
12. Immigrants in Eastern Europe ............................... . 62
Albrecht Scholz
13. Africa ....................................................... . 64
Adekunle 0. George
14. Travel Medicine ............................................ . 71
Rita Sigg-Martin, Alfred Eichmann, and Robert Steffen
Part III. Variables in Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
15. Comments................................................... 81
Joseph 1-. Pace
16. Diseases Affected by Heat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
S. Bose and J. P. Ortonne
17. Diseases Affected by Cold: Arctic and Subarctic Areas. . . .. . . . 93
Gunnar Lomholt
18. Diseases Affected by War: The Korean Experience........... 96
Sungnack Lee and Sung Ku Ahn
19. Global Veterinary Dermatology. . .... . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . .. . 103
Peter J. Ihrke
Part IV. Anthropologic Dermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
20. Comments................................................... 113
Sidney N. Klaus
21. Diseases Among Arab People................................ 114
Mohamed Amer
22. Diseases Among Australian Aborigines ............. . . . . . . . . . 120
Allen C. Green
23. Diseases Among Black People.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
K. Erik Kostelnik and Cherie M. Ditre
Contents xi
24. Diseases Among Jewish People.............................. 154
Abraham Feinstein
25. Diseases Among Native American People.................... 164
Dennis A. Weigand
Part V. Regional Dermatology................................... 169
26. Comments................................................... 171
Larry E. Millikan
The Americas
27. Caribbean Region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Anthony J. Badame
28. Chile......................................................... 179
Juan F. Honeyman
29. Colombia.................................................... 185
Rafael Falabella
30. Mexico...................................................... 197
Luciano Dominguez-Soto
31. Venezuela.................................................... 203
Mauricio Goihman-Yahr
Europe
32. Germany..................................................... 210
Gunter Stuttgen
33. Greece....................................................... 219
John D. Stratigos, A. Katsambas, and D. Rigopoulos
34. Malta........................................................ 224
Joseph L. Pace
35. Poland....................................................... 230
Stefania Jablonska
Africa
36. Malawi...................................................... 236
Gunnar Lomholt
37. Nigeria....................................................... 242
Yetunde Mercy Olumide
xii Contents
38. Rwanda...................................................... 265
Eric Van Hecke
39. South Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
E. Joy Schulz
Asia
40. Japan........................................................ 284
Yoshiki Miyachi
41. India......................................................... 289
Patrick Yesudian
42. Lebanon..................................................... 297
Ramsay S. Kurban and Amal K. Kurban
43. United Arab Emirates........................................ 301
Ahmed M oh 'd Abu Shareeah
Part VI. Global Therapy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
44. Therapeutic Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Mohamed Amer
45. Antimicrobial Therapy. . . . ..... . .. . .. . . .. . . ... .. . .. ... . .. .. . . 311
J. Carl Craft
46. Antifungal Therapy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
G. Cauwenbergh
47. Antiparasitic Therapy. . .. . ..... .. ... . .. . .. . ... . ..... . . . . . .. . . 331
Mohamed Amer
Index............................................................ 341