Gli eroi greci: un problema storico-religioso

431 Pages·1958·13.74 MB·Italian

by  Angelo Brelich

Proprielteàt terarrii1ae rvata
21
NuovSia ggi
UnivenidtiàR oma • Pubblica�:dieolnlSiac uoldai S tudSit orico-rel(i4g)i o!i
AngeloB relich
• • •
1 eroi ree I
Un problemsat orirceol-igioso
Ediziodneil l'AtReonmeao

Sommraoi
pag.
Prefazi• o•n e• • • • • • • • • • • • VII
Notsau lillel ustr.a z• io• ni• • • • • • • • • XII
Elendceopi e riocdiictiea d tie lalbeb revia• z•i o•n i• • • 3
Introduzi•o n•e • • • • • • • • • • • • 5
Ilp robldeemlaml iat olgorgeciaa • • • • • • • • • 23
CareaGEBADLCFIHrt)))) ))))))diLLLLLLLtLLL e ''''''''''geeeeeeeeeeelrrrrrrrrrreeeeeeeeereioeooeoeoeoeoeoeoeoe l l ll oi l n e mge'aailcaiiiplmiemc air a o tl aaoaalmitsugmr srn itttpobist.ctttipenaceai ooàvuiritnan. ...cg,n im iste e a g sta.e till..c.. ,.ia à n iml u on ecae',•.,l•... g adne tu utt.••.••...oi loà n,t •• ••••••••• e ai ••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••••••••• ••••••••••• 111111197980821245109046 94311
Primriis utlit• a • • • • • • • 187
L'ernoee lm ito • • • • • • • • • • • • 225
Carattteerniri,, mfiitgius,rt eru,t ture • • • • • • • 285
L'erACBeoe)))d LeCL a o'ldletrielrivseoe ist-enmetd i..iri iitd tivol.iài i o-e ct.••.rh à oe e •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• •••• 333361252351
Epiloeg op rospetti• ve• • • • • • • • • • 373
Indidceen omi • • • • • • • • • • • 391
Indidceeg alrig ome•n t•i • • • • • • • • • • 403
v

Prefazione
Peri ls uoca ratteirnes oliiltp or,e senvtoel umrei chiederebbe
forsuen a lunpgreas entazmiaon ees:s soi a fficdoam pletamaeln te
lettoartet enmtoot,i vanddiov oltian v oltia p roprpir ocedimenti,
sollevaen ddios cuteensdsoo, steosbsioe,z iclouenia i p parentemente
sie sponPee.r cpiròa ticamneonntv eis arebcbhee u n avvertimento
dad arael letcthoer.i ell. i:b rnoo np uòe sseurs ato cpoenrs ultazioni
saltuarsieenza u nap revlieat tudraal lpar imaal l'ulptaigmian a.
Tuttavnioans arfào risneu tiprleep arqaurees lteat tcuornaq ual­
cheb revaec cendnioc arattoerriee ntativo.
Malgralad od ifferednifz oar mea d iv olummea,l graadnoc he
lad iverdseiitm ào ndrie ligsitousdii qauteis,lt oa vosroot tmoo lteplici
aspetstiri i collaelmg iao p recedevnotleu meitnttoi toTlr aetvo a ria­
zioni sruotlme amndaee lolrei g(iRonmia E,d iziodneil l'Ateneo,
195V5i)è ,.t r ai duea,n che ucnoam untee matidcaif ondoc,om e
nons ardài ffisccioplrei preer c hil eggean trambi.s opMraa ttutto
è un'esigceonmzuan ceh eh ad atloo rnoa scilt'ae:s igdeini zan serire
glsit udsiu llree ligidoenlmi o ndoc lassnieclolp ai ùa ttuaplreo ble­
maticas torico-reNloing èi iols ac.a sroi pdeitq euraen thoo d ettion
proposnietlolp ar efazidoenlel 'allatvroort ou:t tapvoiiac,hi énq uesto
nuovloi brloos conttrroai lm etodsou ggerdiatq ou ell'esei gleen za
abitudmiennit adleil luel timgee nerazdiios ntiu disoesmib raan cora
piùv iolen�taor,mà e glipor emettqeurael cbhree vceo nsiderazione.
Tuttsia nncoh ef up roprlioso t uddieol rlee liggiroenceiar omana
a dariep rimi impulfsoir maazlildoainu en a" stodreilal ree ligioni";
essèo,i nfatdt'io,r iginree maostsaar ii saallel 'antcilcahsisstitàce as sa
-e,q uasiin interrot.tcaomletniitvnea tqou amlicshuer aar,r invoòt e-
YII
volmesnvtiel uap qpuaetploe riroedloa timvoadmeerninntc oeu i
altrreel iagnitoicncoihm ei ncaippaevnaaadna of facacloilra'inrztszieo
culteuurraloNepe ecloo .r dsiqo u elsutnamg aat uiroanezes,ts roo vò
imlo ddois vilumpeptaoprdreie cdiics ries,at rreu mdeiln atvico hreo
turtant oohna ncnoon frnoecnlat modp eo lsltoud diai lot rreel igioni,
die rueidre el aboorganmriie n udtaotd oip soniVboillpeeor.r tare
nscosonom ulp·ni oia n gtq dltuiiaoeo rs c rtaoomg pmcaoaona sezdìcad c,ie rlziaitvotdonouigrarr uoldaa mi tssenotenarMamtteabeo. r a
duceo nsidemroadziifoinccihe errtaanqmnueoen pstrteia im map res­
sioLnaep r.i èm cah iepl r ogrpeesrsfievzoi doneagsmlteiusn dutilo l e
relidgeimloo nnidc ol asssièi s cvoon leltl'oa mdbeilftliooal g oi(lae d
archeoclloagsidsaeiA)lcl ltae',r tumswisseannszchiaicfnthq ,éu ello
d�u n.as todreilrale el igili oomrneoi t;oh dain rnaog gi.uu nan.lt too
graddipo erfedazlip ounnedt iov isdtiqa u edlilisapc l.in nonad ,a l
pundtivo i sdtiqa u esItnsa e.c olnudo:osg eèov ecrhoae s ,u toe mpo,
eshsain dnaotg oli im pudlesciip seilrvaf i o rimoandzee ldlias ciplina
detsttaod reilrale el isguicocvneamise,sn piteere òsn seis onroi masti
quastia glfuio.aSr taiir eibnbtee rreispsearnlctgaoeer nrdeeiqsr uiee sta
situabziizroza:anrm ea i nq uelsutoobg aos tdeirrbàer evemcehnet e
l'epdoepclia vù i gosrvoislodu epgpsloti uc dlia snseilscleiac, onda
metdàe sle csoclooer a sgoil nii dziqi u essteoc ohlaco r,e caotmoe
uncao raizmzpae nedtire asbtirslepemae,alc iioznzieanz,ti oaqr uneos ti
stusdtie msesnitn,re els ltaee spsoalc asa t odreilrale el iagpipoennia
natvae niavtat rvaetrcatsmaop niu ovit udtoetvraoean codrasa c o­
priérdee s oprlairnme o;d poa rtieci onml iasrusere am pcrree tsec,e n
verismloo ndod ecio sidpdoeptpotrliii m iTtrialv edi u.de i scipline
sic recòou snìa bicshsieov aghi,d islapneettsetsesso ce hmipp roec o
aggiotrenanattti"ivc io mparianttirsatdpiacrcilei as"si s niocrnii sut­i
sciraoc nool mmaernetg,rl seit uddieolnsluiao d vias civpolliennat ieri
abbandoinclaa vmacpnlooa sasisi ucsooip ecieac liniòos snto ipl;eo r
las oggeczhipeor noev advifa rnooan q tuee lglr'aaddlisot p oe cializia­
ziocnhefe a ceavpapa croimrieen comp.ce htieunntnqeou anev esse
conastaloc' rinetseir.aas gtsletinu zacd lia smsaia cnicp,he eur n 'altrei
ragiosnoetlt:'o i nfdleulmslesano t aclhideto àm innaevplae riodo
d'odreoli o srtou idc il,a sssticecisossintinti u avaen,soi dpiuròe ,
rpeellrami ga grgiegoepcinr aaooirc rm to aecnn otaini pl tni uueùtas tnto·oar srt ecarme aott tftdieaicnmr iooesmdd cmeoeihon l e,il e
ancghlesi t uddiiso tsoidr eilarl eel igfioondnaifn,od ropssieidù e l
necesssaurlilooep inidoniqi u es·tsip ecialistip,e ra fbiintiuraaor nsoi
nonc onsideqruaerleld eu er eligicoonmiem ateraidaa tatlal leo ro
ricerche.
Di tuqtuteos tooc casionalsmite onrtnee ar pàa rlairneq ualche
puntdoe lv olumMea. sind 'orsaa rfàC!JC ilcea pireu ns lei brcoo me
quescthoe i ntensdteu diaalrceu pnrio bledmeil lrae ligigorneecd aa
un puntdoi v istnae ttamesnttoer ico-r,e cloirgrieiorlsrà oi schdiio
scontenitc aurlet doire in tramibc ia mpiic ,l assicciioscèth,ie v, e dran�
noa pplicaal"t lio rcoa"m pom etodeis traanlelie vleocrcoh tirea di­
zionei r egodleelg ioceo g,l sit ordieclilr ee ligcihoens it enteraa nno
vincelrale o rdoi ffidaelnr zai guadredlol e redleimlgo inodnoci l assico.
Un altcraor attcheerq eu esvtool umceo ndivciodnle e T rvea ria­
zionsit nae lf atcthoe e ntramsboin doa c onsidecroamrels aiv ori preli­
minarpir,e paractoonrdio,ct itoiè viisndt iam etem oltpoi ùa ltmae ,
qncorlao ntaOnseo.a ppenaav anzairlse o spetcteor,tn oo nd at utti
condivcihseoa ,t tualmneenltc ea mpod ellsat ordieal lree liginoonn i
sip ossnae mmenfoa rael tcrhoe l avoprrie limiSniaa rmim.e ttgee ne­
ralmenctheeq uesctaom pdoi s tudèir elativammoelntgtoie o vamnae ;
è forsmeo ltpoi ùg iovadnieq ueclh es ic redDao.p ou n'ambizei osa
alquanptroe suntuionsfaa nzeisas,ho a a ncordaa f arslieo ssa, da
preparaprisùmi o,d estamemnat pei,ùs crupolosaamleln'taeedt,uà l ta.
Ciòd,e lr estnoo,n è unac onstatadziic oanrea ttpeurrea mennteeg a­
tivoi:ld estidniod ovefro rmarasdie ssion, umno mentdoe cisivo
delsltao rdieal l'umacnhiev teàd dei sgreeg acrrsoil lianreev itabilmente
tutt'vuenc chpilou,r isecsoenl oanrp el urimillbeangaargidloiit or adi­
zionei d ia bitudmiennit ael mio ralmie,n trael,t rettiannetvoi tabil­
mentes,t ap er sorugne nrueo vmoo ndod iv alopreiri lq ualpeu,r
senzsaa persltoi,a mgoi àl avoranèd uon, d estifnoor sdei fficmial e,
seduceen ptiee ndoi.p romesLsaes .t ordieal lree ligiionqn uie,s stuaa
attuaaldeo lescepnozrati,ac aratdteelrsliua a " etàp"i;ùd ebolfeo,r se,
e menoc ompiudteal lsec ien"zaed ultees"sa,ap partiaelnle' avvenire;
essraa ppresenet cae rtaot tivampernetpea rai lm ondon uovo.
Nelm omention c ui vuenc ch"iuom anesismtoca"e denidlop assao
nuovree altàs tae dimostrandopsiiùi nsaetmtpuraaetl tei,r ainld o
compassionseovrorlisesen o o,n l as degnorsiap uldseal l'umoomdoe rno,
esssat gae ttanldebo a sdii u nn uovuom anesimo, qaunacsociro am­
pletameinntceo ncepei bsicloen oscimua tion,d ispenspaebrli 'laev -
ven• tre.
IX
Lei deseo parcac ensnualtsleto aa ttot uparloev,v iegs ioorviao­
nildeen,io rsist tundoini ntensdeornvdoia "r beu osncau pseaur"n
altgreon edriie n compieup treozvzvaid seoplrr ieestleàan vtoSera or.ò
iplr iamd oi rcehq eu esltaovp oortoee vsasf earta tnoc shue bpaisùi
ampibea:sa tcic enanlfa artect hoie n e snsoons onsot astfir ustet ati,
noni ncidenteai lnmm iesnumtriean iimd ao,c umaerncthie ologici,
p.e sl.em igldiira aifaf iognuriri agzuiarld'aanrtgioM maea nntcoh.e
lad ocumentlaeztaitroeimnraae,l grlaasd�ao p paraebnobtned anè za,
benl ontdaanlal 'ceosmspelCreo tmame.o nogrsuagfeliriaog ir eci,
quesvtool usmiee s peobrbareg iucsrtiet Miac ahnec.sh ueq uesto
punvtoor ers.preiim eurnpe a repreer socizhapelo ete rsàsg eiru dicato
soggeMtits ievmob.r ea mvias embirnaf,a mtetniio,m portaaln te,
momenattot udaelgselt iu edrii,g uenmr oen umemnotnoo gr(aafli co
qualcoenl, ap azientzau tatmim etteranonnns oa resbtbaet o
diffaircriilmveoa lret,i plpeidrcau noedt or ievl lo umdee olple'er ial
tempdoe lsual ap repoanreac)zh,iem ettienrc ei lrcaoziiodneeee
metocdhipe o rtansnuos cniutoaivrniet eern eusosrviie c efrecchone­,
ded iscuesr seiaoznciiero antiia vqeu:e sstcooi pmloa ,t erqu!uplire e ­
senteai tlol ummiins aetmobs ruaf ficEi ceonmlte'e a.m bidzeilo­ne
l"'o pefroan damennotnmai hl aes "p ianu tlot ermai oorrmeia,ni e rte
"raccdoiml attae ricaolsneìo" nm, ih at arttendu'taolp,ta rradt ae ,
digrespsiicocrnoiilc,ee dricd heet tasgpluineotp ,io sizdiipo rnoi­
blecmhiie ll e titnocroen ftrreeqruàe ntece hmeaes, nt trere itgtoor e,
nons abrbeeirnod ispeinnqs uaebsiltlaoiv oMrao q.u est'seic cesso
spieesgaat tacmoelnne st teer sgasieoa ndid optetiredl i femtetnoz io­
natpor impai:dù e lcloam popsetraf emziis oenmebi rmap ortdainrteei,
urgentael meongog i aprivrieee p rospestttiimvolele,a re
ricepreclrh' ea vvdeennioi srter iS ecs otqnuu deisv.to ol uhmooe t te­
nutiolr isuclhtdeaa to or ian aplocius ntiu dvieodsriau nnnp oo '
diversalm'einntsdeie elrmleeal iggiroencseais , c ostesriapanu nro ,
dip ocdoa,g slcih eambii teu caolmii ncear rafinlneots tuce erret i
probldeim ifc iunaiod o rnao ns is onaoc cohrort gaig,i upniteona ­
menitmlei soc opo.
Nonm ir espteaor,r ac,h qeu alacvhvee rdtiec nazraa tptieùr e
om entoe cnico.
Ill erteta cocogfloircesorepnà o csai mpialmt iimoao ddois cri­
verien omdie gelrioe id eldliev iinnis teàm pltircatest leiiroanze,