Giotto. Le storie francescane ad Assisi

131 Pages·1997·66.07 MB·Italian

by  Giuseppe Basile

GiusepBpaes ile
Les torfriaen cescaadAn ses isi
Electa la Repubblica
Neln ostpraoe sneo nè s empargee voclaem minsaurlesl ter ade
dell'Maar steeè .v ercoo,m seo stiSeinErern stG ombrich,
cheno ne sisutneac oscah iamaarttabe e nssoìl gol air tisti,
quesctoal lsaincau ramreenntdeep riàaù g evoulnpe e rcorso
cheèd ivenauntcoop ri dùi fficpielirel t erremcohteho ac olpito
l'Umberl ieMa a rche.
Nona c asiolp rimvoo lumède e dicaaltlSoet orfirea ncescane,
consernvealtbleaa s ilsiucpae rdiioA rses idsuir amefnetrei ta
dasli smlaac, u ait tribuazG iioontedt iov ildace r itica
mac hree sutnao d ecia pisdaelldslita o roicac idendtada olvee,
sonpoa rtMiatsia cciLoo,t tMoa,n tegLnoat .e stimoniano
les plendiimdmea gidniqi u esotpee rper,e senstoattitelto i tolo
Tesordi' Arutnea ,pp untambeinmteos tnraatldoea ll'accordo
trLaa R epubbleli acc aa sead itrEilceeci tmam,a gidnigi r ande
qualcihtreài spondaonncoha eib isogdniiu nas ociceotmàe
lan osturnaa:s ociveitsài va.
EziMoa uro
Les torfirea ncescane
Icli cpliot tofrriacnoc enseclaBlnaaos iSluipcear sitior roev a Ild iscocrhseso is volmgeed,i alneit mem aginneil,l 'unica
inu nsai tuadziiv oinsei bpirliivtiàlè ec goilaltoaic:na ftanoet ltlia g ranndaev aètn ae llsot estseom pdoig rancdoem pleesd sii tà
faspciibùaa sdseal plaar eitmem,e diatasmoepnlrtoaze o ccoleos;t reemvai deEnszsaso.vi o lagt er lei vdeilr laip presentatività
lap areèat vea nzraitsap aeltpltaaor stuep ereidèo p riee namenstiem bolaiiqc uaac,lo ir rispo-nndoonpn eoriònm aniemreac ca­
invesdtailltluaac p er ovendiaelnvlteeet read taerl o sodneel lan icaan,za ill lau cdeiu nar etfei ttidsics oirmrai spopnedre nze,
facc1i•a ta analoogp eicrao ntr-aaslttoretftaasnciteme m daig airntii cola­
Trattadnidu oncs iic rliog uaridslaa nntfteoo n daetp oerre tei ne pissouud nid opprieog isUtnrapo r.i mfaa ssctiir ao dvia­
dip inùe lClhai emsaad rdee ll'Otradilinent ee nzèdi eotlnu et top instual plaar edtees tarila a dteil vleet reai tlel,u asltcrudane i­
naturdaaltceoh, ue n od emia ssismciod peil l'Oerrdqaiu neel ltoe rmienpaitsido edVlie cchTieos tameLnast eoc.o ncdoanl e
dir iusacf iarrneeu opvrio semleidtiial n'tiel lusdterlavlziai­ osntee csasrea ttersiits rtoisvcuahl pela,ar ete o(pippnao rsattnea­
cendeas empldaePrloe v eree,li lmop licitcaemleenbtreia,lr cnhese u lcloan trofaeci clilauetspati)rs,ado edNliu ovToe stamen­
trioInnfr oe.a llots àc opcoh seiv olepvear segeuriaars esp aiiù toL.a t erza sieins fitneeni dnue n,i fcaas pcrieas scoocnhtéi nua,
ambiziPoestroe .n tdaicr aep iarllmoe,nn eol sloas tasnazroaàp, ­ sulldeu ep areest uil cloan trofaech caci oamtpear ,o tagonista
portupneora òb bandopneaurrn me o menltado i sposiozri­oFnrea nceDsiec sosf.aa p aratnec hleaMa donncao Bn ambinpoo,­
maiin vaaldus naa pprovceclioouc nei,l atperriadvlimoe e ,d ia­staald is opdreal l'inepg errefsestot daimf ernotnaetl el 'abside.
zioenc ie rcianrnea nzidtiau dtetgou aalrslseaiq ueena zipa e r­ Lec orrispofnrdsaei nnzgaeovv lein imoes npteic ififgiuc­he
corsseni o,na rli tmqou,ap loit eveasnsoep rlea usibiqlumeeln­rtede e ll'Aend teiNlcu oo vToe stamneonnte or anuon an ovità:
loir iginari. queclh èea ssolutnaumoevnnote,el Blaas ialsiscias èil aact oe­,
L'ingraelslsaoonr dar fàa tntoond aplo rtocneen trsaullel as titudziui noa nletr reof eroelntatrdieeu ter adizei,po encrao lsiì
faccimaatd aau, n ad eldlueep ortiaclilenese t redmeiditu àe dircea,n onici.
bracdceitl r anspertetfoe,r ibqiulemldelinsa ti en igsutarrad an­C'egriasà t aqtuoa,l dcehcee npnriiomn ae,lB laas iIlnifcea­
dol 'absQiudise o.n por esesncteian vee nctoim per otagonriisoturine a,p rimian iziianqt uievsadt iar eziaolnleo,r quaadn do
angeeldai r canngeellli',a ebpsiisddoeed liVl iatd aiM arinae,l una nonigmroa,n pdiet tioclro es,i ddMeatetsotd riSo a Fnr an­
transdeetstteorp oi sdoedliVl iatd ae galpio stPoileite rP oa olo,c escvoe,n nefraotd tiep insguelrdleue ep ardeetlinl aav aatrai,­
nelvloal dteal l'indcertlor cainosc eotnlt aon avaitq au attrsoc ontcrion,qe upei sdoedliPla as sidoin eC r(ipsatro ete ed estra)
EvangelLiasf tuin.z icohnseei p uòe videniznqi uaersect iicè l ic inqdueel vliac eunmdaan dae Plo verello.
queldlealm lead iazgiloainn eg:fe rliaicl i eell oat erlraMa a,d on­ Ilp untcou lmindaiqn utees t'uelrstati amdtoaso e mpirne­
nat riaFl i gUloimoo -Deil o' umagnlieitv àa,n getlriasstmie ttdeinv­idnuealtiloma p osidzeiloslnteei mmcahtee ,i snrifi attrtoiv a
dol paa rodliCa r isidt uope,r indceigpalipi o srteonldie pnedro­ int utetd iu eic icpliit toCroisacìli te.rp ii soiSdloi g:nd oiI nno­
manenqtuee lfluan zimoendei alnaft oen dazdieolnCleha i ees ac enzIaI Il,aR inunciaag laiv erliaP, r ediacgalu ic cellalMio ,r te.
dandion izcioonP, i etarlols,ae rdieeri o maPnoin tepfeiirc i,E sspie rnòo nt rovparneoc riissic osnitmrbion leicico ir rispettivi
quallaBi a siSluipcear fiuonrgdeea c appella. episcordiis toclhoiegn ivceticu eta,ts is i(ePmree paradzeilolnae
Quespteor nòo nè c hiep lr olocgool,l opcearttoa nnetlol ac rocCer,o cifissDiiosnceed,sa alc lrao cDee,p osizCioomnpei,a nto
parptieiù n teprin"ùas ,e grdeetlal"' eedcicfliecsiiora issteirsc­uocl:o rpdoiC ristcoo)s,t ituli'secsopneofr oinednazmae dnetla le
vataaim inidsitD riioe ,f inaolC oncidliTi roe n(t51o64 )s,e pa­Criset,po e ra nalogia, tramidteels lteli 'memsadptiee r,i enza
rataan chfei sicadmaerlne tsemt eod ialn'tiec onooq sutaanstioF rancesco.
men-ocomnee cla sdoe lBlaas iSluipcear -idoaur netar aivceo ­ Nelglraa nddeec orazdieolnnlaeav adtealB laas iSluipcea­
nostaNtoinca ca a.s vois tir ovano rapgplorige gseeftnottnia­ trii oirtlee ,m ian,v eècs ev,i lupipnua ntado u pldiicree ziloan e:
damentali della devforziaiq ounanelo in fp roatnevcae" sccoannfao rdmeiltlà'"e sdiiFs rtaennczeaaqs uceol dliCa r ispteor,
mancaarnezè,pi r esednuteve o letdie n l uoegmoi nelnaCt reo,­ cueig lèli " 'aClhtreirs et urisi "f eri"mteinptoil (ocgiidocièi "
cifissioln'ee,p ipsiosùdi igon ifdieclalt'ievsop cerriiseteni zaaan naa losgiimab olciocnea p)i ssoiddaie Nlu ovsoi dae Vle cchio
diq ueldliFa r anceisnc om oddeotl u tptaor ticolare. TestameAn ctoom.i ncdiaaplrr ei mroi quaidncr uoFi r ancesco
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onordaatu onu omsoe mplèis coev radsatN aotèco h ceo struicsocneo scelvala innogd uedaio t-tsie nczoan tiaflra et cthose o l­
l'aprecsraa lvdaardlei lutvoitola 'luem aend iitvài,pe enret anttoan atlol ocroam incaid aivfaf onld'eurdsseoil c laar atlpa o sto
lap ersonifidcegali zuisootnl oeaB; e nedizidoenleRl eag odlaa delplear gam(egnulani i dcuiea utogdreaslfa in rtiom asltai ci,
pardtieI nnoceInIzIca,u c io rris!psoancdccheobe e nedGiicae­ Benedizpieo/rnr eaL teeo needu nb iglipeeltrots toe fsrsaost oe­,
cobbqeu aclaep ostdiiup nin tueo vpoo poloio n;f lianr ei sponn­oi nfaitnpt eir gameec nhaes),o pratntounet stios,at necvoar a
denzdaid oppsieog ndoeP lr esedpiGe r ecciinoq ,u anfteos tan essmuent oddior iprodumzeicocnaend ieclsalc ar ittura.
dell'Incasrincaao znli 'oenpei,ds ioG diuisoe pcphepe e rdoania Inr ealotpàe,dr eetl i pdoe lLleag ensdearv ivsaonpor attutto
fratseilclaoi nq uelsloov rappdoiCs ationco h uec cide Abdeil ea,r atifuincaca errett raa dizgiaornaen,t eln'daountee net icità
segncoo ntrario. quinddiiv eneensdssoet edsosceu mento.
Irli feridmeelnlt'oad tipt rievdiitcàda etPloo rvee raelGle l­o Lal ordoi ffusiaowneen ipvear tapnetvroi i an diroertatla­:
sùc hei nsegnneatl e mpinoe,l plaar atledt ae lsltae scsaamp atam,e nt(es opramtetduitatlonap t ree dicaziinqo unael)cc,ha es o
eda Dio ttdoerliCl hai enseal vleelè ed ,id uplsiecgenm oe,n tdrie fungednads ot impoellroac reazdiiao lnteor pee srcer idtimt ie­
benm aggicoormep lessitiàml o mreinsdtueoll t"laca o nformnao­riem pegdnoot trienl airnigou i(srtaicccoo nti, "laudi", "fio­
ziondeiF" r anceaslCc roi smteod ialnest tei mmeal tame o rte,r ettmia",s) o pratftourtnteomn,ad toe preilraar ealizzdaiz ione
esatetqou ivadliec nrtoec ifiesm soirotsneue lc lrao ce. opedriea rtfieg urcahtgeia vraa,n tliamv aasnsoi dmiaf fuasii one
Ilp asssou ccessivo,p eirnceihvnéic toanbtielsneto anb imlees,s adgaeg sisv ee iconloanst oil,t qaunatnosd tior atdtima av­a
potecvhace o nsinsetleClraaen onizzadzapi aorndete eSl o mmo nufaatrttii sticmiaa mnocbehp ieil sùip ,e sso qsutiar nadtot ava
Pontedfoipcaoev earc quitsuittltoepe r ovele e t estimonidaidn ezceo ramzuiroanclioi l loicna" tleu odgehpiu ttiaU"n.o d i
necesseai rnpi rei mlou ogqou elplrai nclia"p rei,c ognizqiuoenseetr"cia e rtamleabn atsei sloircstaua lt loam bdais aFnr ance­
delsltei mmdaapt aer dteepl a traiszsiioGs iiraotleca hmseoei r a sccoh sea redbibvee niunpt oac toe mpuon od eliu ogshains tei­
mostrsacteot atlir ciog uardo. polcpriaiùlm ip ortdaenlCtlriai stidaonpiioStl aà n,St eop olcro,
L'accogldiemleln'tiom dmiaF griannec iesnuc nmo e dagliloab­ asilSiacPnai edtiaRr oom aei sla ntudaiSr aiGnoi acoam o
ned elclaam pactean trdaellvelo al atsas iaeq muee ldliCe r istoC,o mpostIenel fflealt.art aip presendtealvzliiaco endneed Plao ­
delMlaad onend ae Bla ttissutgag,el l'leac cezidoiqn uaelliltvaàe reslrili osf tàr ettaamlLelenagt een Mdaai otra,n cthole ed ida­
esperipernozcau raaF nrdaon ceusnp coos atcoc aanltDloea e siss carliipeo rstoattotego n udneori i quaddirpii( notrniao ns em­
ede levanddico olnos eguaelnplziaaaù l tgae rarfcrhiasi aan tip,r ceo mpletalmeegngtisebo incloii t)a zaibobnrie vdiatalet set o
piiùn a ltdoep ii aùn ti(cqhuia navt iott ae rrednoat)td oerllia diB onavenDtiuq rueas.it noo l(tcrhèepe oqiu eclh pei cùo nta)
Chieesdea v angeQluiesstitina.t erpredtealzvliiaoc nesenp dia­ vengorniop rfeosnid amentailmmpeonsttea ez tiaognlei o. La
ritudaesllae n ptaod re Fraenrsact easmtceaos sa pa u ntaol ,i velL­egenndoan è ,e n onv uoelses eurner ,a ccobnitoog ranfeilc o
lod ottrianbabraisot,pa rnezssato op,r atgtruatzatiloel 'odpie rsae npsiosù t reett troa dizdieotlne arlmeim naeu ,n an arrazione
saBno navendtaBu argan oretgeiooli,ong soi Mginnei,s Gter­o agiogracfoimpcera e-clioss tae asustoo nrePelr oloEggols.iu d­
neradleFeir ancedsac1la27n5a i1l 27N4o.n ac aspor oplruifiou divipdeer talnamt aot eirniq au indciocmip atretmia tdiaclil,' e­
incardiacClaa tpoi tGoelnoe rrailuen aiN taor bon(2n160e )d i speripernezcae daelncltoaen versailolcnaa en onizzaagz­ione,
rediguenrane u ovdae,f in"ibtiiovgar uafffiiacd"ie flao lned atog­iungeanm doo'd ia ppendailcceud neimi i racoopleird aatli
red ell'Ocrhdaeiv nree,db obveu stoos tiltedu uiperr ee cedenstaen­dtoop loam ortaen,c h'aecscsoir ppeatrti ip ologia.
mentceo mmissiaof nrTaaot'me m asdoaC elaFnuoq. u anitno Ilc icdliop ièna trot icionlv aetnot iespeitstoesd cie2tl,rt ai
reaalwteàn neede bbfeo rmsaalnez iionon cec asdieoClna ep i­querliltie pniusùti ig nifeil cala otrsiouv cic,e ssionbee np resenta
tolgoe neraPlaer i(1dg 2i6i6 ) c,h dee crleadt iòs trudziti uotnteep ocshcia rritsip aeq tuteold letale slteot tetrrapere ilroap : r eci­
lep recedbeinotgird aefislea nto. siondeic, ud iu ei,Ml i racolos odreglelensa t oep ratlt'uAtptpoa­
L'opeècr oan oscsiouttitanloo mde iL egenMdaai oerd è , riziaolCn aep itdoiAl rol evse,n goinnto am lo doar iacquili stare
naturalimnle anttieLn,aso u.ca i rcoladzici oonnsee,g upeenrz al,o rpoo srtios paeltslteaoq uecnrzoan ol"orgeiaclae ".
quanvtaos etrapa u sre mpfroer zatarmiesnttarec e otltoacr hoe Gleip ispoodsis oensos erraeg grupapl aotrvioo, l itnat ,r e
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compairp trii:sm eit (tdea ll'fiinnaiolz flioaon daziinqo unael ­direzdieolnle' ossseirtvuaaatllto iorm eid teell 'abvseirdiselo
chem odo" ufficiale" grdaezllai'leObl readn iendei zdieolnleat ransIetltr tiop.sl iiscteme emnas oloni-lacunparrei­-mensoline,
Regodlaap ardtieI nnoceInIzIda)a ;l l'oatlvt eanvtou nessiemnont eel nlaav attrao,iv slau coe ntirnuo n p untaog alnit ipodi
(fianlloca o ncludseilovlniaec etnedrar deinF ar ancedsaclo )d;e ll'saolptlrraato e,s dtealM laad onncao nB ambinnoe lcloan ­
ventiduaelslfiaim no(e a vvenimpeonsttie railolmraoi r tdee l trofacecc ioantvae,vr egrels 'oa lmtaai rnpe i,-ù c ampaptear
santAol)l.' indtioe grnnuond oiq uesgtriu pppois soensos ercea mpateass-soai p raev entamgalnmi aon coh dea cle ntsrvioa
operoavtvii,a muelntteer,i ori ascucloblraapsd aeiam neanltoiv­ erisd ou ee strearm iid,o dseslocl oel onvneera en,-z ia ncora
gitee matimcahq eue:l clhose i i mpoanlels op ettaèlt alo orreo u nav olitlal usorifaimneaondi t nes-ersiotrdtsieoi s se.
articolpaegzrri uopndpeiti r (eoi ,nd ucea sdiiq, u attro), soÈt qtuoelsiut­noe spedideitn etcen dieclarl aap presentazione
neadtaal l'esatta cdoicr iraissgcpruounnp dapedoun nzcaa a m­cheip li ttaodroep ecroanp iecnoae recnozmade:i mosftrraa ,
pata. l'alitflra otc,th one e lcloan trofiaslci csitasetpimar a e seonrttao ­
Inr ealqtuàe,sp toar zidoipn aer estoet tosatlca anmtmei nag­onaaldue n ao sservafzrioonntmeae lnetl,raf e i dlima e nsoline
mentedo e limaiidt uaeets at rdeamp ii lapsotlriiis nttiolniea caitnbi a ssionc, o rrispodnedvlea nndzoea l l'insgiirn etsesror,o mpe
dipièns ttiao,tg ag edtiut nop rofoinndtoe rvdeiqn utaol ificcaozmiseoe f­ ossstea rteaa lmetnatgeld iaaltdlaue ei ncamiciature
nem:a q uesntoonp uòe sserriev endniéca altlo' arcnhéi,t ceotstmoa tecshcdehe ec orgalnsiot idpeidlto ip ppioor tEagllesi.e
ancmoern oa,lt eolcougsioid e vceo,no g nvie rosimilgal inaens zearp,ve esr c andire umneiditisàao nrtiet imflil cuhsceso on ti­
scedletsiao ggientr teil azailso ingen ifcihcaead et soss iii n tenn­uod elrlaap presenet,na ezlsiltoone est seom ppoe,cr r eadreei
devdaa rbee,n aslmì a esitnrcoa rdiicd aitpoi nqgueerlpela ar etep.u ndtiio sservapzriiovnielp eegirivl ai tsii t(aWthoir1te9e 5 6).
Cicòh pei cùo lpiisncfeaè,ti rtlai p,p oirltlou sforarari coh iG­li servaed a aunmcehnetl a'riem predsips rioofnoen gdiiàt à
tettvuerraea a rchitdeittpuirnbata as:ot sas erlv'aarfef iacnrceaad­tasalo ffail tatcou nnaornpi e:rq òu eldleals lcee npee,r ché
mentdoe lcloel ontnoerd tiipliian ltcleoe l onvneerd ee pii lastidr uies istemi spaziale"i s-c"ep-nrraoi"smcaennggioionu"o­
poliesp tiiaùln ic olr'ae ffdeitt rtoom plcee'i ld elcloar ndiic es tappeon sotnci o municnaétn,at nit omienntoe,r dipendenti.
mensolsounpie rnieociro in frdoenltslioa v rasctoarnntmieac re­ Inr eaalntcàhp eel res ceènc eo msees cattuanms escec ani­
capiiannpo i etra. smoa nalopgeorc ulio s pazfiiot tdiizpiions,ti po o,n ceo me
Unat asloel uzidoicn oem,p letaoma ernrtioc chiilmleun"­tcoeo s tensaqi uveol"rl eoaE lses.io n fasctiot nic reatdii nzizzai a­
sordieol l'archreiattlereta tmuqirutaee l dliap inètp ar,e sentreed alsluap erdfeilcdlioaep pfiaas dciic ao ntorno reods soverde
pelrav eraintcàhn eer le sdteol Blaas i(leicccace htnete ol dluee èc omseet rovaisslus loei mdiitf eo ndnoe lplaar eetset edrenla­
Crocifisesdai noznniiec) ostituuniods ecgel i edliem maegn­tlie' d ifqiuceiloslu,ca us io ndoi pilnest cee dneel l'Aen tuNio cvoo
giore cuanpiafciictoaàlt trcrihecde ei m, a gginoorvei tà. Testamennetdiou ,er egissotprriical a mminamUennc toon.­
Necli cflroa ncespcearenòso,ss, api r esecnotunan dai versfir­onftruoan dai q uesstcee nseo,p ratstepu rtetfsoreq a u elplieù
tàd im odfio rmtaaldliain ont rovrairsec onnéat lrli' inntée rannot iche (icnuo nldale olcdlauetep e r ime caemdpu antaqeu )a l­
fuodrail Blaas ilica. siadsecili cflroa ncessecravnaiof r avàre decroem vei ernies olto
Sit raitntfaad tiut nvi e reop ropprrioos cecnoisot,id tau iitplor obldeemlasl poa ziinuo n sac ecnoam Lea p redaigcluaic celli,
colontnoerc thiselo ir regugnos noof faip titcoc oli cloanc uinnca ulriedi i ffidcoovletvàea snsoep reqeru etle mpeon oramc ia u­
laf ronetset edrencao rianst taic loes matseosvcroa,sd tau antoo sad elmlaan cadnizt au tqtuie gellie mecnhtaeiv rebbpeortou to
sporatm oe nsoleso unpip oritnba atsods aou nfa idlima e nsolaig­evoilslau rgeg eridmeelnpltraoo fon(deidtiàrf oicccoieg,,g et­
nei na ggetctoona, p peusnov elaNreilodl.ea c orazciiomnae­t ig eometricdaemfeinntlieadt iiv)e:pr ossai zdieoflnr ea itne ,
buesca delel d'eaplbr seisdbieqt ueersiftoia dl iam ensolitnrea lriicsep,e statnot oa ldv ipi rsotfmoia lc oo unn al eggreortaa ­
mancsao,s tidtauu niaft aas ocrinaa mendtita ilpfleoo reailme­,z ionseo,p ratdteulttlteaos v tear,ds eos tarnac;o priaiù n cisiva­
piegatap easrle tpraerisra ìir qeu aCdisr oin.io n veimc een solomnein tleam, a neod i pli eddees tderflir acthese e mbrvaonloe r
supercihoepr,ai r tednadcloe ntdreol l'asbospiirdtlaer ,o pnao­ "forzlaosr pea"z siudola vadnetrlii quavderrols,oso p ettatore;
palsedi,i varivcearsnsioon iesv terrdase os tprecaro nverigne rmee ntsriega la il bcehrgeil uic ceslvloil gnoenmloe ,r iutnofa,u n-
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ziodneetl u tctoom plemednattacorh eiep, r ismeir vpoinuot tos­af igurdaetlirlveaaa lutnàca:a pacriitmàa fsotrais,ne e,g uaglia­
staob ilanicrlii aqrueas dortlot' oa spceotmtpoo seig tliaivl ota r it as otlt'oa spdeetlitlnoav enzdiipo rnoec edifmoernmtacilh ie,
colleigd aurebe l occcohmip osipteeirvv iit,a rrei mcahneae ls shea nnion faptotsilt eob asdie lnluao vpai ttdu'rOac cidente.
centurnvo u ottroo pepvoi deAnntceo.pr iaaù p pariscente Orgigseutpltr­oi vildeiqg uieasittnoot erèe( sens oenp oteevsas e­
teretbabnleoe v isteià n vecchefe r laaP r ediec,pa e ers empliao ,r ed iversalmafe ingtuuerm)aa ncah,ie n favtiterina ep presentata
CreazidoiEn vea( ol Par ediacgalu ic cenlelliBl aas iIlnifcear ionreecl)i cilnuo n as erdiive a riaszeinopznraie cedaes netcio nda
iclo nfrvoenntiois sstei ftrulaiaV t ios iodnePela lazdz'oa reml ie dell'deetslàe ,s sdoe,l cloan dizsioocnieda ellesl,ia t uazione.
NozzdeiC anaI.cl o rpdoiF rancesco dpoorssmaui llee ntittneo Nons olmoa,c icòh èea ncopriasù t upefaacdee snsvtaie e,rn ee­
normaelqeu ilein borndi àol 'impredsiss tiaoprneeesr c ivolasrtei tluaci atpaa cdiiet sàp rimmeerdei,ai nm toev imednectloi r po
ina vanetgiol;ci c uupnaos pazdiiom ensiodnealbiimliietn,a t(og esmtiim,if caac cisagluea,rl de"i a)f fedzeiloln'ia" ni,mi omtoi
altdoad iu eb astcohnreie ggoitn eon daegs gcia ndiinbt aos sod elplsai che.
daltlean ddaa,lf liag duirC ar isdtaols,lu ama a ndoe st"risanc or­ Ceritnev enzhiaonnniionr eaalstsàu unntv oa loqruead sai
ci"od,a lle tetd oa ll'anptainsctqaau;nec tlhe èe a ncopriaiù m ­ archetpieeprso e:m pigileo s dteopl a dfruer ibaosn tdeont troa t­
portaengtlseit,i a n teramentuen e ddeinftiarcdoid oi;r itttuernaud tauo n od epir esennetlRili an uncaigala iv erli';a tteggia­
l'argtiiusntagat e e ntuanrc eo ordinasmpeanztifoar ilad e u e mentdoef lr atinceelVllilaso i odnecela rdriof uoaccoc,o cceo lato
edifSieci in.v elcane o stsrcae lctaad essusleCl oa/n ermdae llac olna t esatpap oggnieaslto an naolm laen cio ngioud netvieo lti
Regoalla lmoarnac herietlbe brem diinc eo nfroLnart aop.p red­eciu biconleSalor gind oiI nnoceInIzeIan elAlpap arizione a
sentazdiiuo nin net ecronmoue n v anoc uilinep areetdii pl a vi­GregoIrXi,so ospeec soim mei sterioscaomnesnatpeep vuorl i,
mentcoo incicdoainpn ioa dnidi e limitdaezlislotone es( sqou asnio nv edenddoicl iocò,h ed is traordsitnaaavrcaic oa deinnd o
unas tanzmaa ncculhiapi a reatnet erpiaorrieen )f atti unq'uiemnlov meenn­tivolo; l dtiOo n orIiIooI g,g edtitu on aac utissima
zioanses olutnaumoevnEats.esè ai nolqtureelc lhape i dùio gni introsppesziicoonleoo q guieclialc,ia ,sd teificr iac,th ice a ntano
altersap erideirn ezssaap azfiianlaoel ltoernat vaati and, i reziaod ­istneesPlar e sedpiGe r eccpieonr;o np arldaer"len ud"do el
ned iq uelfloar mdair appresendtearlze iacolhnevee e rmreàs sag iovFarnaen censeclRoli an uncoid ae l cele"baesrsreitmaot o"
ap untdoal aìd u ns ecoelc oh èel ap rospegtetoimveat ricdae.Ml i racdoellosl oar gente.
Superrfliuloe cvhaqeru eni o ns piu òp arldaipr reo spettivIanq uest'uclatscioom,mo èe s tato ripertiulteavsmaiet not,e
nesle nrsion ascimdeentlte arlmeic noem:èe s tantoot aptioù tradtitu an ac itazqiuoanlseei t tedraua nl'eo pdeiAr ran oldfio
volte,n ealnslccahe ern iat elnapu timaùa tudraapl u ntdoiv istaC ambaiP oe ruguinafa,o ntcahnaeals utoe mpdoo vegtotdee re
"proscpo"elt,Pat r iedica daidOn naorn izIoiI lI,e" lidnief eu g"a dig ranndoet oriines teàg,us imteom breao traca o nserpvaart­a
nonv annmoa iac onfliunui nrp eu ntboe,n isnìu n'arIelca h.e zialmneenlltGaea llnearziiao dneallle' UmNbornsi tiar .a ptet­a
nonv uodli roew,i amecnhtneeo ,ns p io spsaar lianar ses olduit roò d elrleag omlaap ,i uttdoius nt'oe cceEzd ieorlne ess.ta or ebbe
rappresen"ct oaezrieodnnetelesl"po a zpiroi maB rduin ellesdcihfif:ri icnitlrea ucncp iraercee dpeunntteua al"l neu ddoiF" r an­
èo pportaunnzroii corcdhaear,le l 'edpico ucciais tiaomcoc u­cescsoen, o -ngeneritcea-imnet norasnit icrhiip rdoeas s ciu l­
pandcoo,in t le rmpienres pevcetinviiavn ad ilcaas tcai ednezlal at odreil sluaea p oca.
visilo'noet,ct hipecr ao,p nreisloe coXlIoIa Iv erviac ominciaLtaoc apacdiirt eàsd ae lrleaa nlotnèà ,d 'alptarramt een,so t u­
ade sseirnet ensacmoelnttietv aantctaho,ne e vlo lgdeirq eu al­pefacqeunatneld 'oi ntserirei svosaledog geg eltetgiaa ltvliia t a
chaen naoll,' infcriiar1l c26a7 i1el2 7,v9 ennepruob blidcaa tqiu otidbiaasntae:r reibcboerl d'aerneor rimcec hdeeztize as suti,
pardtide o tti francesBcaacnoiGn ei(,oR vuagPngenecirh ok amt,u tdtiiv elr'suidn aol l'laalv terroi,dd iocciutmàe ndteaciro i­a
Witebleonc) i nqturea tstuatlte ime ac hcei dòe notuanvi an te­stumlias, p len"dniadtamu orrat dae"l tlaav oilmab andnietlal a
respsreo fopnedlroos tuddieoga lsip eptitcùio ncretaemme­nMtoer tdee cla valdiieC reel anloap, e rfeznieolrnleeasd ae llseu p­
pirdieclirl eaa ltà3• pellettili cehciecn ld euseci aas(sPitr eiscdehiGpe re,e cceAi co­
Cicòh ei,no gncia sèop ,r eseinngt rea edcoc ezinoenriai l­ec ertamdeenltslote i mmagtieu)n gfeirnaàol "lcao p"ir,ai traendo
quaddrecili cflroa nceèsl caca anpoa cdiiot sàs ervaedz iir oen-e" davle r"ro ispettilv'aimceonntmoeas rtmaosrdiee alB laas ilica
8
Infer(icoorlne' auteenxtpildcoieortl e t"rpoa rchedtetlaltaor "e aelrt-aàd ell'uplitainimroloi, q uahdapr oot uetsos edreef ini­
crolcieg ndeiap inelt aat )ra ivceo nosdtealtBliaacs ai Sluipcea­ tod etlu tptloa usibiclommleeapn rtiem "av eduurtbaa nnae"l la
riosreeb,b ennoenf osssetraoqt uie lill uio gihnci u i",s torisctao­dreilapl iat tiutraal iana.
mentes"ie, r asnvoo llteae z iornaip presentate. Las tedsissap osimzeinotnhaealp er esieadlurltaaop presen­
Quescthaae n oio,g gpio,t reabpbpea ruinrage r aivnec ont­azidoenllena a tuSraar.e bdbief fipcriolbea,b ilemc eonmtuen,­
gruennzoanl oe ra afpfecarht viti ov eavlafl iand eeD lu ecentqou.pe o cuot irlieu,s acd iertee rmlians apreecb ioet andiecgaall i­
Quelclhoae l ldoorvae svuas ciptiaurtet lo'sitnot edreelsls'eab ue­rria ppresneenclti acftlrioa ncesscesa einc oc,e tictlau sado e l­
tordeec li celrola afl agrainrzrae fudtealbli'lees pirsotpernitloae' l, b edripo a lmleac upir eseens ziac uirdae ntifiecrraaeb sial ità
inq uanpteolr u ngsheic doile is ssoei r faa tatm oe nnoe lvlias ion­ecesdsaai rnieal udmiobtiidlvicii a ratstiemrbeo (lli'cion gresso
nea rtistica. declo rpdoiF rancemsocrota odA sseiqsuii vaalleln'tien gresso
Pertannotnèo i mportcahnest ite r adtitq uie cli boriino d,i C risaGt eor usalleadm ommee ndieclapl ael mQeu)a.n atlol e
quelploas izimoadn iue n,c ibocrhiaeon zitsuirtait coo noscirboiclcseea, r evbebrea meanrtdeue oi -nq uesctaosa os solutamen­
inequivocacboimltema eelnp eto reii spoanded sai gesnpzeec it­ei nuticleer-cdaicr aer atteord iivz ozlaerrrlinele e lveda irfef e­
ficdhire e sfao rmale. renzMeaa. n cournaav olbtaas tmeertàt aec roen fraolnbteeo r i
Sen eh annion numereesveomlnpiei l alrec hitectotlulrore­o,c dciep innetclii cflroa ncecsocniac noor rispo"nodgegnetti­
cataep iemnaen -ii nteopr aer zoip aeleril emesnitnig- oilni tir"i ntracnceilaslbteio ldrieiV lee ccheiN ou ovToe stamento
tutitcloi c(ltosr oerl iiq uandesr oinp or ivEis)sa.ep paisoenmo­ (peers empnieolC,lr ae azidoiEn veao n elNlaas cdiitG ae sùp)e,r
prset rettamente necessarie daelrlli 'qeucaro­ennodmeciroasn idtc eoodl mi pvoaserinitooir cvmhaepe a sfsrala a" naturalezza"
dron,i tiedset,r emadmeefnitmneai g teen eralnmoenin dteen tip­resennetpier ieml ias ostan"zaisatlreac zoinocneet tcuhael e"
ficaabniclhisee,l el orsoi ngmoelmeb ratcuornes,i daes réa,t cea ratties reiczoznad i.
hanntou tpteecr o sdìi ruen 'adrifi aam igcloinla ' architettRuirsap eatgatloni i mpaulrit,r onpopnsop i,u òd irmeo ltdoa,t o
dell'eepdio npc aar ticcoolnqa ureelc lhade o veevsas eprifeùa ­chleal orsoc arsipsrseismenanu zmae rèis ctaar teasa an copriaù
miliaalrle' avrotgilsditioard ,eiA rnoldfiCo a mbicoo,nq uelliar riledvaalsnlotase t anpzeiradldieet gaul cic edlleilP lrae diec a
suoar iginasliinstsfeirgsmaoia t ifcroa ncece lsaes sriocmiatnàa d aglr adveet eriorraimsecnotnot srualcbloiapl peai sai bnuoe-
cona ccentucaozsimoantee sca. dePlr esedpiGe r eccieos ucla vadlelDloo nod emla ntello.
Anzèis ignifiiflca attctihovne oe ria riscsaisiminci u pia r­ L'atteggdiiaq mueenstto' uclhtiinmaaob t,ro u cla'reeir nb a
rebbpeo tecrosgil iuenraie n tenzdioocnuem endtaapr airat ea ttecshaiep l a drolnore i prepnedlrae r edifnapi e,n sapreer ò
dell'alrnato isstatrtaat, de isu ane satcotror ispientvteinvtoa rcihalela de i sposidzeiloln'eaa rr taipsptrae sgelnaitn airmefa olsis e
dell'edriafpipcrieos ernitmaantsgooa s tanzidaellmueEsn at.em oltsoi mialq eu elrlias conntertlar taat tamdeenlftlioag ura
nons oltaqnutaons dtior adtimt oin ume(nltCaio lonTnraa ianuam aniam:p ressione dcaolnplfeaen remtartasazt iroanoer dina­
oA ntoncihnesa i ialS, e ptzoncihueam l)c,us ntiu dihoasnin or icao nl aq uavliee dniep ianm toan ocrolm'oa qsuuiflla as tigio
credduitr oi conopseceres reem,p nieolL,li ab erazdieolenlre'e tid­elflaac cdiealtclaha i enseCalo mpiadnetloCl lea risse.
coP ietars oi,m bodleolc liatd tiRà o mam'a,a nchqeu andaod, Dettqou esbtios,o gpnears òu biatgog iuncgheevr ise o no
esempnieSolo gndoiI nnoceInIzsIaè,i i np resedniuz naca h iesdae galsip eitmtpio rtnaenclti icf lroa ncecshcneao nnop ossono
chneo np uòc hees selrabe a siLlaitcear anoe,nn esleml a'gOgio esserriec ontduottetts iio ltaanlptlaoar ticcoalpaarcdeiip t eàr ­
dell'usoemmop ldiecelf,la ac cdiiau tnta e mpcihone o np uòc he cezieor neesd ae lrleaa clhtaeàb biaemsoe mpliffiiqncu ait.o
esseqruee lldoiM ineravdAa s sisseib,b eanbeb piear fuinnao Intenrdiof erailrclmaaip acaintcàh,' feusosdraei cl o mune,
coloninnma e no. dic ompolrers ec encei,od èim ettaesrsei ied miev eerlseim enti
Ciononosptuarcn otnue n,at alcel amor"oosmai ssieo nceh"ie no gnudniea s sien teraggiisoccoancnood,inro a ppodretli­
purp resentsaunlddleoas turnea d ifciocmipol etaimnevnetnel­ ef ormcei,od èe lllien deeel,ll uecd ie,ci o lori.
tatmoa,d 'alptarragt ieu ngeanr daop presieplna tlaardzeez lo Iplr obleermqaau eldliso o stiatq uuierllaeal lvoirgae rnit­e,
CapitdaenPloo pocloonl at orprrei -vcaomaeq uell'ienp omcaas stoas tanziianlamletndetarse ae tcaou lnipa,r acsosmip ositi-
9