Giordano Bruno e la cultura europea del Rinascimento

304 Pages·2006·5.008 MB·Italian

by  Frances A. Yates

Bi ioteUcnai versa
FrancAe.Ys a tes
GiordoBa rnuno
el ac ulteuurrao dpeeRlai nascimento
IntroduzdiiEo ungee nGiaor in
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EditoLrait erza
Bii oteUcnai versa
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CL2 0-4 761-6
I..:eroeii cnaq uietfiagnutrea
diG iordaBnrou nsoc andagliata
da< <usntau dicoossasì i ngolare
deRli nascime-nstoon»po a role
delIlnat roduzdiiEo ungee nGiaor i-n
<<chhaei mposatgols it orfiactit i
è
ep roblecmhien on possiibginloer are».
Les etmties tereir cehlei giose,
lafi losomfiaag iceaa lchemica,
ilm ondod esli mbolico
ed ell'immaginario
artisstoincaool :c uni
detie mrii nascimentali
A.
chea,n alizzati FranceYsa tes,
dalYlaat egse,t talnuoc e unad elmlaeg giori
sulfilgau rdae ll'eretico autornietgàls it udi
nolano. sull'deetlRà i nascimento,
è
stattrala e fi gure
dim aggiroirl ideevlol 'Istituto
Warburedg e ll'UnivdeiLr osnidtràa .
Frlae s ueo perien traduiztiaolniea na,
perin osttriipi inq, u esctoal lana,
GiordaBnroue n otla r adizione
erme(t2i0c0a4 8).
Inc opertGiinoav:a dninr ie faEnrom,e te
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19381,9 391,9 431,9 811,9 671,9 51,
19541,9 671,9 81
TraduzidoinM ia rielDlea M artiGnrii ffìn
(pp1. 1-103; 137-227)
e AleRso je(cp p5.- 91;0 5-136)
Nell«aC olleziSotnoer i.c.a
Primead izio1n9e8 8
Nell«aB iblioUtneicvae rsLaaltee rza••
Primead izio1n9e9 5
Terzead izio2n0e0 6
FrancAe.Ys a tes
GiordBanmnoo
el ac ultura
europea
deRiln ascimento
IntrodudziEi uogneen Giaor in
-Editori
La ter:m
Proprileernàe rarriisae rvara
GiusL.a rer&z aF iglSip aR,o ma-Bari
Finidrios campanreelg enna2io0 06
PoligraDfìechoo nia­no
SrabilimdeinB raor i
perc oncdoe lla
GiusL.a rer&z aF iglSip a
CL 20-4761-6
ISBN8 8-420-4761-9
È
vieralrara i produziaonnceh,e
parziacloenq, u alsimaseiz zeof fenuara,
comprelsaaf orocopainac,h e
adu soi mernoo d idanico.
Perl al eggier alilaanf ao rocoèp ia
lecisroal poe ru sop ersonpa11lrer hé
nonda nnggeil 'a11tQouirned.oi g ni
forococphieae virli' acquisro
diu nl ibrèoi llecei mrian accia
las opravvivdeiun nz mao do
dir rasmerlraec roen oscenza.
Chif ococoupnil ai brcoh,im erce
ad isposiziim oenzez pie rf orocopiare,
chic omunqufea voriqsucees rpar arica
commerruen f urreo o pera
aid anndie llcau lrura.
INTRODUZIONE
l.I sadgiFg ria ncAe.Ys a tersa ccoinlq tuie svtool umseo no
stastcie flrtqaiu elpluib blidcaagtlii amtirvceo il uimfnir i,al
1982e i l1 984a,l lsac ompadreslal 'isntsuidgi1n•oIe sn as ieamde
alcusnien goplaagriian uet obiogdriag fircahneid net ereessssei,
integroa niqonu, a lmcohed lou meggiialsn uolo,i bprioeù ffi cace
ef ortunepa itdùoi ,s cuesd sios cutGiibdiolaroenB :r unaon td he
HermeTtrdiaict ideo'ln6 .4D ell'impdoirq tuaenlpzlaaeg ine era
convilnast tae sYsaat ecsh ea,n zliam, o rtceo lpsreo prmieon tre
nev enipvrae parlaarn idsot aemg pianà,e a vevsac riutntaia n tro­
duziocnheed oveevsas eer feu,p oip,r emeaslslasa e zidoenle
primvoo lumdee is uosic rimtitnio er id ispedresdii caagtlai
EssaoynsG iodaBnrou nionE ngland.
Soprattduutrtaonit lle a vodrioa vvicinaamle Bnrtuon o
<�
ermet»i dceocl e lelbirber o dleaYl a t'ev6se4 n npeu bblicando
alcusntiu ndeil J ouronfat lh Wea rbuarngdC ourtaIuntlsidt u­
«
te»s c hef urodneoiv erpir olegoamlle inbir moa, d ic uin on
tutti vie ndnaertriiop rDeisq iu.il 'tuilitaàv erdplirie senti an­
chep erm eglio inltage enndeedsriuie n ai nterpremtoalztioo ne
complecshseva e,n ndee terminaansdspoaisiùi c ,h ec omeu na
brilleasnctoeg itsaozliiotncaeor mileaa c, o ncluasridoindteiia n -
l FrancAe.sY ateLs,u laln dB runCoo.l leEcstseadvy oslI,., R outledge
andK eganP au!L,o ndon1 982R;e naissanRceef oratmnh:dIe t alCioann­
tribnu.Ct oiloleEcstseadvy osl,I. I ,1 983I;d eaasn dI deailnst hNeo rth
European ReCnoalilsesEcastnsecadevy o.sl ,I.I I1,9 84D.a orai np oii t re
volumvie rraninnod iccaotmie C olleEcstseadsy esg,u idtailn umerdoe lv o­
lumee dellpea ginUen. e lendceol loep erdee llYaa teosl,t rceh ei nC ollected
EssaIyIsI3,,2 3-3n6e,lf ascicionml oe moriFarma,n Ac.eY sa te1s8.9 9-1981,
The Warburlgn stit1u9t8e2 P.e ra lcunien dicazbiioongir afièc hsep esso
citatSop:e eocnht hAec ceptoafnt cheeP remGiaol iGlaeloi lPiesia(, 8
Octobe1r9 78i,n C olleEcstseadIy Is,1, - 5( sif au son ormalmednetlel a
traduziiotnael iuasnaat daa llYaa tees, o rai nC iviilttaàl eis atnuad siotsria ­
niear ciu,r da iT .B olelPliis,a1 986p,p .1 34-40).
I tnrodu:àone
V!
dagiend iii potcehsedi a d ecenannic hael terria nvoe numtait u­
randeo f ormulnanedgsolt iu rdiin ascliim.e nta
Nonm enoi nterepsesramn ettit ear feu ocioll avodreol la
Ya tessi,na e siu oi succhcneee slssluiede e boele,ez n zeldlies cus­
suin ic ritiancchheme o ltvoi vascpie,c ialdmeelsnu toe e rmeti­
«
smo» dee lsluaa m agi»a,a lcudneici o ntrieb suctriim titnio ri
«
posterail'o 6r4ei, a venrtaip pocrotnBo r unoo c,o nt emcahtei
bruniVaanleg.a tupteTtrh ieH ermeTtriacid oiintn R enaissance
Sciednecl1e 96 7
2•
Questdou,n quielfi, n ed iq uesta osffcreilqrtueaa :l cuhlet e­
riocroen triablulltaeo t tduerBlar uneo a,vv iuanrp ea cartiop en­
samendtiou nas tudicoosssa}i ngodlealRr ien ascimcehnet,o ,
comunqsuice o nclhuadi am,p osatgols it orfiacteitp ir oblemi che
nonè piùp ossiibginloer3 •a Ar qeu esmteod esismcoo pmoi ra
anchleav ersidoenlepl aeg ianuet obiogcrhaefic chhieu dilo no
tervzool umeC odlleeic Etsesda ys.
Ormapie r sltoo rdieclocl ual tduerlRa i nasciimlen onmteo
diF rancAe.Ys a tersi chisaumbaiq tuoe ldliGo i ordBarnuon eo
diu nfi londeip ensiienrdoi ssolulbeiglamatelonl t'eI Mtaarl­ia:
silFiioc ien Goi ovaPnincido e lMliar andeo tluat,qt uoe pll ato­
nismcoh ee bbae F ireunnzoed eis uopii ùi mportcaennttdiri i
irraidoin.aOe zras,eè v ercoh Be rundoi venpneelr a Y ateasu ,n
cermtoom entuonp, u ntdoir ifericmoesnttaodn at ecn uoinè
quasip omsasii pbrielsec insdiceahr ee ,p daerllli' Ingehliilstae­rra
bettioad nealP lraa dgeaRi o sacrèop cuerv, e rcoh neo nf uq uello
ils uop untdoip arteen nzeap,p ulr'elI itoaa l,a c ultiutraal iana.
A Pisial,3 ottobderle1 978e,b bae c onfespsuabrbel ica­
menteI:o n one bbait travveirasggoi gioivnatnrioldiu zuinoan e
«
faciallel 'Iet aalllcieoa si et aliIam niee.i psrtiumndioi n f urono
2 ColleEcstseadIy IsI,p, p .2 27-4I6lt. e sutsoc iln o rignienlev olume
ArtS,c ieanncdeH istoerdy.C, .S .S ingleton, 1B9a6l7pt,pi .m2 o5r5e· 74.
3 La discusssiuolneler' m'e ti's mleoa s ciennzoan,s emprceo nsape­
voldee it ermiensia tdteil qluee stieo snpie,s asvov entea lteag gera, meri­
teruàn d iscoardseog uaDteol.lo ar marii clceat terdauteus roali en dicazioni,
maa bbastsaingznai ficHaetirvmee:t icitshmSe c ainednR teivfiocl uPtai­on.
perrse aadt a ClarLki braSreym inMaarr,c 9h, 1 974b,yR oberSt.W est­
rnanJ,. E .M cGuire, UnoifvC earlsiiftoLyro nsiA an,g el1e9s7 7O;c cualntd
scienmteitnfiacl iitnti heRese naicresE.ad nitbeydB riaVni ckeCrasm,b ridge
UniverPsrietsy1s 9 84C.o munqurei,c cihned icazbiiobnlii ogrea ufincah e
pacadtias cussainocnhaee p, r oposdietlotl ees die lYlaat epsu,ò l eggeirns i
P.Z ambelTleio,rs iuae s trolmoaggiieaaa , l chi(m1i3a4 8-1n5e8li6ln)et er­
pretazrieocnein< <tRii,n ascimSeenctoon»Sd,ea r iveo,lX .X VII1,9 87, pp.
95·119.
Introduzione VII
sulsltao rei laac ultiuatrlai amnaas ,u lslotar iea s ulclual tura
fraensceI. m iepir imvii agmgiip ortarionFn roa nc[.i ].a. . F u
attraveimr iseos it ufdria nccehsemi ii ntrodnuemslo snid doe lla
cultura iQtuaellilaonF arc ahnec es noYnaa tgegsi uèn cshee ,
».
senazvae rplroo grammials tuooi, t inearttarraivoe lracs uol tura
francdeesle Seipceerrn atgog iunlg'teIarldeie alR inascimento
avanzea tloep, o sizliuolnliie a cnues anidaenlBe r uneor,al a
vicah ea ndava scloaps rteonrdioop girùaa vfiaan zcahtesa t ava
rinnovparnodsop eet ctoinvcel uBsriounnpioe.,pr r endielpr eer ­
sonagdgeisot ian adtivoe ncteanrter paelrle aY ates, attinse il
platondiisC muos anpoe rl udie cisaittvroa velr'dseioz iodnie
Lefèvdr'eÉ tapcloens ,cl oem plecsosmeb inalzuilolniica onsel
caraeic ircforlain cperseis,cs uoid ,a' ltpraar tfea,c evtaensot o
FiciPnioc,eo E rme(teel ei mitazdiiEo rnmie )t.e
Senzrae ndercsoennlteaoY ateasv evaab bandolnaca otmao da
storiodgerlaolfiread ingaetnee aldoegliilede e e speegru iirnn­e
veclee r eaqluia nctoom plipcearteeg rinfarzati eonnsii oni poli­
ticeh ree gliiosfer,ia n trigchoin flieft rtsaic ,o pesrctiee ntifiche
e operazdiipo rnoip agaSnedgau.e gndlioit eirnabrriu niani, fra
Londer Oax fored ,ls eu eb attasgila icec,o rcgheerg àia à E ra­
smoe, a ttraveErrsaos mao t anptaar te cduelltleuaur rao pleea ,
idedei F icien Poi ceor angoi unattter avelrI'snog hildtie rra
ThomaMso re die Johnt .L 'CoIhlniegltaec rurBiar unaon dava
ap ortlaers eu 'en ovi'fit lào sofiecrhcaeo spli edniau manesimo
e din eoplatocnhieas Omxof orqdu,a ndnoe l1 583l 'impetuoso
nolaannod rpàr oclamlaesn udevoe ristuàb,is taol tfeuroàr uin
«
uomog ravceh,eo ccupuanvapa o sizeimoinnee inntq eu elulnai ­
versiat aàc cusdairp lloa gdiaoM arsiFliicoi dnaolD, e v ita
»,
coelciotmupsa r,ad novdeia lg ranMdaer sialvieovg ai àd etto
tut4.t o
Ovviamenptreo bliee mmeir gepnrtoip rai por oposdietlol a
cultiunrgal eed seesi,u oria ppocrotRlii nasciimteanltisoao nnoo,
moltin,o nde e lt utptaoc ifilc'ai postteessdisi ua n ap olemica
bruninaonnaa n tiscomlaaa snttiicuam,a n(ieas nttiicpae da)a.nt esc
Lat ramdae lildee feu a ssmaein os emplei lcien e.aR reestila
4S it ratdteal l'epinasrordaieto o d ocumednatR aotboe rMtc Nulty,
BrunaotO xfor« Rde,n aissNaenwcs»e, XIII1,9 60p,p .3 00-L5a.Y ates
riporltaar gameiln tet esto dsacM ocpNeurlttoy Ginoelr dBarnuon eo l a
trazdiioenrem ettircaaid,t.R . . P ecchiLoaltie,rR zoam,a -Ba19r8i1 p,p .2 30-
232.
VIII In trodu::.ion.:
fatcthoe l av iaa GiordaBnrou noa,i c oen flitti dottrinali del
tarRdion asciamteatnvrteorl sevo i cenfdrea ncseirs iiv epleòrl a
Yatenso n oustna comlao u na vvipoa rticolafromretnu.tn ea to
Comer icoirdnqò u eslu od iscoprissoa no' 7d8«e,ll a vorando
suu nt emfar anc»e tsreo «vn òe Plu blRiecc oOrffidc ed iL ondra
ilm anoscdriiu tntato et simoniraendzaadt atlaml b'aascifartaonr­e
cesaeL ondMriac hdeelM auvisspieèrur nce e rGtioo vaFninoi­
rio, ituanl icahneno e l1 585e raa ls uos erv»i.zE iroal av ia
regpiear a vvicianlaR risnia sciimteanltioia nIn nog hilItle rra.
FloriMoe,s s«e r »F lodsreeilco o nddioa ldogeLao cendael e
ceneerri<a<,i l b rillmaanetsetd raco u gil eil isabeatvteivaannio
imparla'tiot aaltitarnaovl,ee sr usleoe ziporniiv oa tsieu oaiff a­
scinamnatniu aclhiei nsegnalvala innogc uoand ialosgthaim pati
su dcuoel onpnaer alilnie tlael ie aniionn glee sceth reta atvano
inm odof aciel aet tradeenltvleia t dae lnlg'hIilteelrirsaa bettiana
e dia rgomeinnttie repsesrca hnsitt iu diiatvaal iaa qnuoe i tem­
pi».M aF loreiroaa n chle't aourdei gurna dni zioniatrailoi ano­
inglee dsieu nav ersidoenSie a gdgiiM ontaicghneie n trodusse
inI nghilctoeslru roga u sltion guilsact oincoos cdeenRlzi an asci­
mentfor ancEe Jsoeh.Fn l oreiroia lfi gldiioM ichelaFnlgoerlioo ,
unp rotesittaanltiseatb naiol iitnoS svii zzera.
QuandiolF loreiroaa l mlb'aascifartaeans ces,e gretmaai rni o
realptràe cetdteolrfilgeal idae ll'ambaosscpiiadtteeolm rlbe'a,a­
sciatMoircehde e!C asteldneMa auu visseirèaanr ceh Gei ordano
BrunLo'.i ncocnotnBr rou nfoud ecispievrloa g iovanisstsui­ma
diosFar.a ncYeast ecso nfesnseel'r 7à8« :L ap resednizG iao r­
danBor unnoe ll'ambfarsacnicmaeitsp aeo rtaò s tupdrio trea tti
nona ncocroam pisuutlifil lao soefi ar elingeiloIlnnaeg hilterra
influendzaaq tuae lsltor anifislsoismodofe olR inasciimtean­to
lia»n.oQ uandloam ortleac olsleam, a ttidneal2 9s ettembre
de1l 98a1q ,u aostit antaandn(uiree an atial2 8n ovemb1r89e9 ),
FrancYeast esst avaanc osrtau diaqnudeol« ls at ranifislsoi­ma
sofi»a.
Vas ubidteot cthoel a 'vevaaff rontpaetrva i e neu ovoer igi­
nalliu,n gsot rade in cuiu n incceporuntntotr aoòn,,c hieal
Warbulrngs ticthuelt abe a rbanraizei asvteavp ao rtaaL toon d.r a
Fuu ni nconcterrotd,oe ,c ismiavn oo,ni ls uop untdio p artenza,
coscla rtaetritzoiz,na vedcaeu ,n a« f ugdaa u n'istrurzeigoon­e
lar»e.È stadteot tgoi ustamdeiln etcieh e« l'saesnzdaiu na
sicubraasa ec cadeimnigclale esc eo mporpteògr, r an pdaerltlea
Introduzione IX
suvai tdae,pi r oblemqiu aclhspeie arssiol naau reaaltla' Untiàv ersi
diO xforndo na vrebibnec ont»r.Va at soubistoog giucnhteo
proprqiuoe slteco o nsednict ols triulip rrsoip rciaom pdo' inda­
ginlea,p roprdiias cipil pirnoap,mr eit oduit,i lizszpaensdsoo
suggeriem reenstuil atnacth"ied s it udinoosnii n glreasgig,i un­
gendiont amlo don,o ns olvoe duotrei gien faelcio nmdaeu ,n
modod is crivleirber sia gepg eir sonalHias sscirmiiGt.ot mo­
brcih«:h ermi nwda sn evegrro uinndt haec ademmiil»cl; e h a
soggtiou:n a«l wIa aytrsti buttheedc omplete oorfih geirn ality
approtaoct hh ihsa ppeys caapned,I knowt hasth et hougshot
to»o5 •Q uestnoa,tu ralhmaec notmep,o ritlpa atgoa medniut noo
scotttaol opreas anet per,o prsiupoli ansop ecidfiaclotl,ee c niche
delrliac earlclfaeo rmdee lelsap osi.Nz eiloplnaeeg ianuet obiogra­
fichter adoitnqt uee sto vloaYl autmeers,i cocrodnap recisione
les uev icenudnei versiis tuaosriti uedd,ii f rancae Lsoen drea ,
citcao nm oltgoa rbaol cubnaet tduetlerl eal azpieorn ec oinlf e­
rimendteolll aa urheoan ioscr auaslal 'UnidviEe drismibtuànr eglo
lugl1i96o9 :« L 'idcehael aq uip resesnitgen oYra itneas abbia
ricevuunt'uoec dazisocnoel aès tidciaffi cilei .Tau tctproae rdee rs
affermairlce o ntra[r ]i oI. l s uoc urricèu lduemp lor»e.v ole
...
Eranèo c,h iaorsors,ve aziaoffneit tuosiarmoennitmceah uen,a
notqau asi amaraa ffascecminbaerrlsas u ioc omemnto«:D ata
las erdiiec uricoisrec osgtraanzozi ee ca a usa qduealplleier si
ilt rendoe lclaar riera qupainùgd ioo vaeenrreoos, f uggai ta
qualstiiapdsoiif ormaztiroandei zinoonnaa vleeva,ol cvuinn colo
cosli stema secdoe lraols itbiedcrisoa e guqiurael sfiilaosndiei
ricemrics aip resentassQeu edsaetvsoas netri . sdeimf puroer ia l
mip rocuurnò' itniemsabliielbret màa, v olalnec hdei rceh ep er
moltain nrie stdaiiffi deendt e ciunrsdaie lmliaa p osizipoonie­,
chén onn ea vevaol cufinnao qau andFol ormiioc onduas se
Bruneo B,r unaolW arbuIrngs ti»t.u te
Solcoh eè difficniolneo ssercvhaecr oem iel W arbuIrngs ti­
tutpee rmo latsip ehtatc io nseruvnap toos tao s én elclual tura
inglceosseaì,n chloe'p erdae lYlaat ees s,p ecialim elnidtbaerl i
Giorod Barnundoel' 6i4n p oip,e rfinneol floar meas ptoisviea
nemlo do pdrio cedhearnenn,oe lplrao duzdieolntlei' tIusutnoa
collocapzairotniec. o lare
5F rancYeast e1s8.9 9-1p9p8.1 13,- 14.