Gesù Cristo: l'unità del Nuovo Testamento?

286 Pages·1995·5.161 MB·Italian

by  Jean-Noël Aletti

Questloi brèou nos tudiaom pioe magistrbaelne ,
condotetb oe nc ostruiEtsos.o m ostrcao mei lt emad i
Gesù Cricsotnlo e,s uen umerosvea rianpteirv,a de
tuttiolN uovoT estamenTtuot.ti ti e sstuiD ios,u lla
salvezszual,lfi an ed eit empis,u llcah iessau,l la
mora:leèc,c etera, riifnlfeattfttooirn,to e,m eqnutees to
elemenitmop regnacnhteel is truttura.
Il NuovoT estamendteov lea s uau nitaà q uestfoa tto
c.aratteJjsEt qiuceos.t noo,n ostalnatd ei versdietià
geneer ide llfeo rm(el ettrearcec,o ndteil lvai tdia
Gesùt,e satpio calitetcicc.ci)h, el 'autdoirv eo ltian
volteas amina.
Lam essian a ttdoi q uestuan itiàn tornaol m otivo
"GesCùr istèod "e scrictotnra i gorSeis. v iluppcaonsoi
nelN uovoT estamenntuom eroassis cih es ii ncontrano
es ii ncrociiannu on ar etrei ccdair elaziloan i:
relazifoanmei li(airr ueo ldiip adred,if igleid oi
fratell.olr)ee, l azimoaneis tro-discteepsotlao-,c eo rpo
sposo-sposa.
Ilc oncordsiot utqtuie slteig ameif attodriui n itnào n
impedislcade i verseivtiàd ennteelN uovoT estamento.
Eccou n'alftornat deir icchepzezral 'interpretazione.
JEAN-Non ALEgTTeIs,u ifrtaan cesèe p,r ofessalo re
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PontificIisot itBuitbol idcioR oma. notop eris uoi
librsit,u deic ommentsiu,l llee ttedrise a nP aolo.
ISBN9 78-88-263-1105-0
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L.4 0.000
Jean-NAoleeltt i
GesùC risto:
unitdàe lN uovoT estamento?
boria
Titoolriog inale
Jséu-sChrifsaitit ll-'iutdnéuN oveaTues tament?
© 1994É,d iotnisD escPlariése ,
© 1995E,d izniiBo orlsa. r.L
Viad elle F5o0rn-0a0c1i6 5R oma
Tradzuinoedi CarVlaol einnot
ISBN8 8-261301-5-6
Stamnpaetmloe sedi M agg1i9o9 5
dalleG raficGh.eA L.ama (Pg)
- -
JoseDpohr é
Presenitoazne
1.C hes uplr obledmi«a Ge seùG esCùr is,tc oos>ìc> omseu
tutqtueil clhier igudaarnloaf edcer istsiianane ac,e ssario
procedienur near iceirlpci aù dettpaosgsliibaaittlate r a­
vertsuot etc ii ascduenlioi bdreiNl u ovToe stameèun nt o
fatetviod etnep elra t oelgoi.aÈ ing iociofna t,tn iép inùé
men,ol 'autenticcointfeàss inodeee q lulidan i ddeilsr csoo
delfldeae S.on oq uindaiu spiceaspblirolaioz niiin g rande
stisluegi r anidnis ileemtit edreaNlru oiv oT estamein to:
sintoit,ci icl orpusp aloian gel sic rigtivtoain eni.
Nons ip uòp eòrs ottvoalutuan'rael itsrtaa nczorrae,l ativa
complementdaerlel,a tceiortlsioagniqaaue: l ldai una
e
presentonaeze id iu nav alorioznzeda icz iicòh ep uò,n o­
nostanttuet ctoos,t ilt'uuinrdieiut naàs miildei vseir.tI àn­
fatt,si el ar icearncaal ièt,ci ocmaes iè d ettcoo,n doinzei
d'autenitplir coiptoàsd,ii st ion tèe,s ia nchc'oednsiosz­oi,
nea lt mepos tesdsiio n telliuglimtbaii el,ai tpàa rdtai re
essdaid, e coinseiN.e lmlias aui rnc usii tratltafa de,e per
cristdiiad neac,i daer rcisonio sceGreesc ùo mieCl ristdio
Di,oè n ecessgairuinog aeu rneac ompreonnsesi ufficien­
tementei cuadntiiaq fu estdiu et ermineid ellro or appor­
tos,e cnodol as testseas toinmiannzeao tesetntaamria.
Comep rocedaelritemr,et nia,l lcao nefsisnoed if deer i­
chiesCtomae?a ccededrviee,r samean utneas, u fficiente
intelliegd iicb iiaòl c iutriàmi andai ln ome« Ges»ù,e d i
cidòi c uèip ortatioltri et o«lCrios toe»,d,i c onseguzea,n
dic òic hel ar eloanzeti ria duielr iec osncoimednetlol a
lorcoon vergepnuzòaa u troiazrzeo,a ddiristoltluetrcaai­
re?
2.S ip otrebpbeen saarmlee,no a pvriimscath aei, n r ealtà
quesritcaec rad iu nintàon mèo ltnoe cessaap rrioap osi-
5
tod iC risatp or,o posdii«t Geos ù-CriCshtego l))si.c ritti
deNlu ovToe stamedniftfreoi sciannc oi ò ccohnec elrnae
loraon tropoole ocgcilae sinoelllologarpi ora o,t oloeo sgciaa­
tololgois aia, m metsteen tzaan dtieffi coalntcàh,ae c osto
dis pgiaerqeu esto ifnma atntioe,pra i ùo menoc onvin­
centceo,nl ad iffeenrzdae cio ntedsac tuipi r oevngonnoe,i
lorsot astuic cescsoinlv edi i,v etrrsaed izriiopnoire t ate
racconletNleu ovToe stamento.
È inveucned atof atdtico h eun as imlieo piinonrei pugna
quanvdioe cnhei amianct aau lsaca ristoilaBo.isg ognpae rò
renderpseeerntfet amente:i d ciovnetrosin esoctreistttai­
mentadriif feriasnccohinenqo u esEt on!o ns oltannetio
titcohledi a nnaoG es-ù èc hiaraemntpee rb revciht,eà
conofrmemenatlel 'uso coqrrueelnclthiees otnrcoah ia­
matpir opcriroi stsioapnrsiiap a,r lsaovla tadin Ctrios -t,o
maa ncheeg ,i sà,ip uòd irnee,l «lmiem agi»nc ihdea nndoi
Gessùt essseoc,o nidlmo o doc hea dottpaenrriop ortare
tanits ou oiin segnaqmueanntitis o u ocio mportam.e nti
Ammesscoi òs,i pottrueatbvtbipeae nsarec isc ith reo vi
difr ontaeu nc ompicthoae p partipernoep riaamlet netoe­
logsot eses noo nv erameanlbt ieb lciosmtaet a lNeo.nè
forse scoolnod izadi ioo snseea rrvue nad isntzarai spetto
al« dvier»sd oetie scthide e vter atcthaqreue e st'uplot­imo
trebcboesn ervaqruee sitnat enzdiiuo nnie?t N àonè f orse
cedenidrroe sistibailrl imsecdnhiati beob anadrcoein sòt es­
sod ic ugil tio cpcaar laecr hee,s olo l'autorizza alla paro­
lac,h le' esepgoettrae bbe prdeipt reensdeenurtneaa« r iSen ­
te»s isGue seù Cirli sNtoon?è f rosrei uscesnedmop ar e
evietd aiir mporraeg li sdcicr uiiint ttein de utnrp artitna­re
cipdiioi tnepretaoz idloien tet cuhrena o np uòc he esse­
rel oreos tracnheelo o,s peciadleils tNauT oevsot amento
potresbfboer zdaipr rsoip oqrruee lclhase i p oterbbceh ia­
maruen a( penro nd irpei: ùla )« rcistodleoNlgu ioav Toe ­
stame»n?t o
Eppurseeq, u esctoom pidtieo v idenzei vaarleo rizzare
lu'nàid tic u,ia liln'izsiièo d ,e tlt'ai omrtpanzpae lra f dee
el at eolQcgriias tsiiar nieve,pl rbaol ematpiecrio lb ibli­
staq,u antamo a,g giroairgo nneo,nl os arebpbeer t eiol­
lgoop,e irl« dogmat»i?c o
Bisoganlal odriaca hriariem possciibdòii lc eu pir imèa
startiac onoslc'ipiuomtrnatz aas,en onl an ecessÈi qtuài?
chea ppairnet uttas uall au cle' intedreelsplsraee sente
opera.
6
3.C omed iecl os tesasuot obreen,d ieia cnnfiai ls otto­
scrittetool,o cghoi,e daelvb ai bliJ.s-tANa.l etdtiri a cco­
glielrase f irdaap rpesendtaaq tuae sctoom poi,at lt empo
stescsoìosn eecssaerc ioosp ìrb olematdiic oca,ubb ii amo
parlato.
Biosgnrai conosccheiaramlreon tneo:nc is ir ammahreircà
tantpoe ri llu gnot empiom peigatsoes ic onisdaec rhel a
rispoaslpt raol bmeap ostalol ora apmpaagriers atp.lie. ù.
Nelfr attemipnof alta'tuitr,oe phoat uftaotr e srood iu na
quantciotndàse irevdoicl oen osceed nirz ieefl ssisoucn iia ­
sucnod egslcir intetoit estaim emene tttraeer pau nto una
metodolpoagrcitoaail rmente preecffiicsaacI ene.vd ee d ci
segeul ier pdiisu ntaet eolobgibilaaic chem ierrebsboel o
a costruitruet,ct onos ideruanrt aios,s undtedoia tmia te­
rial(iod ecio nntuet,i doe gilnis egennatmtir)a smedsasli
NuovToe stamesnuGt eos Cùr isftorom,a lizzannedcoelsi­
saarmien,tp eeurn iiafcrlii,nb asaeu nap resentazaipo­ne
plaitcdaa 'lelsteirnlpo re,s enltaev orrioe saclce on,t rriao,
ae viderneez ipaar esendtealrslete tru true formcahlesi o ­
noi mmaneanltN iuo vToe stamesentstso.T o almenitme­
manencthies embrancoo stiir,ltn ouelsluaas tesdsiav er­
sitiànq, u aont testimonrieasanaG z eas cùon fesscaotmoe
Cris.t o
Ilfru ttoc osrìa ccodlatlol 'applailcladazi ivoenrdese,il t à
materinaeloet esetnatmardiiuo n,« approcsctiruot teu»r al
comprecsomoe s piedgeab itamle'natuet èod rige r,a nde
importadnazplau ntov idsitt eao lodgeidlco og miaoct e
desli stecom,adt aindaolt empsot espsroi mdait utottot i­
mir isuldtaapltu in tdoiv istbal iobc ieeds egetIinacftot.i
eglair rinvoans oltaanm tetot eervei deunnzp au ntdoiv i­
stuan iifacntseu mli setrdo iC ristcoom ev iepnree sentato
dalmloal tleiipctdàe gslrcii tnteio testammean,ct oalri ,f a­
vordeiq uesdtiam ostrafzoriniosneca en,ch eu nar isposta
positailvldaao madna-fondamenstoattltueot gtlaiis pet­
ti, susplii aa ncor ilsotgooii cnp articcohleca rries tiina no
gener-aclheed ic onsegueengzlhaia d atcoo me tai tolo
tutltaas uarc iercai nq uesltiob: r Èo «GesCùri stlou' nità
deNlu ovToe stam?e»nt.o
Que'sotpecrhaen, o nè n éu nap urraac coldtiad atniu­
meroesri ic chmia c her esteroea bbbbearndoanlalltaoi r o
diveresn iotnaà tr ioclagtliui n ic ong li caolpltr ertie sto
cheb isognbee«r atetbenearlslBiai bb»i,naé è u nd iscorso
di« etolobgiibal icchaep» r etednidn eo na bbandonearl a
7
Bibbnieal momiennc tuoti u ttaa ivimponaede ssdae lle
categoroireg anizzdaift artiatcmoip iameentteer ogenee,
quest'odpieecvarmao,,a rrivaa l mtpeos tesast or attdaar e
unap arttee oilcoagmeunntt ees btiob lcihcrieos petelt eag ­
gei nannzituctotmote la ee,,d all'aaf latrrbeai ,b lmiecneat
unav erea fotretoel ogia.
Ilr isuldtia tusoni mialpepo rcciaolN uovToe stamento
nonè s oldoim ostrcahrete ut otq uelclhoev iedneet to di
Gesèùd io rdicnrseit oloo gceih cet utqtuoe llcoh ev iene
detdtioc rsitoloègra ipcpoo rtaaG tesoù I.lr i ustlatèoa n­
ched if aarp paricrheie Nl u ovToe stameèdn atu on ap ar­
tea l'allterc ao met alserut ttautro« ges-curistologicamen­
te».C olsc hes ip uòa ffermarec hec icòh ef ad eltleas ti­
moninazan eotestamesnuGt eaùsr Cirai sutnod iscorso
proofndameunntiecfi atèoa lt epmos tescsioò ucnhiecafi
es ttrutaui rNlu ovToe stamecnomteot ale.
Comen egacrhees i t rattuanl advio roe c roamrneoo nri ­
conosecred,ic onsgeueznac,h et,a ntoi b pibelri cshtepi e r
id ogamtciin,o np uòc he esdsige rraen vdael ore!
8
Inotdruzioen
1.L imtiid elp rogetto
Il bircih efo nnanoi Nlu ovToes tamesnotnoso e pmrpeu b­
bliciantsii epmeecr, u iill eotrtec ristèip aonrot aap teon ­
sarmeo ltnoa taumlrentceh el 'uanr iicglaetusriama o tiva­
tad all'duinc iotnàt entuuttqotu:ie sstcir intotnsi o nfoo r­
sel at estimondiealnslztoae svsanoge l?oL es ecollaortit e
conefssialohina nnpoe rdòi mostcrhaelt 'ou àn idtNeulo ­
voT estameès nttaoet r ae,s ctoan,t esStpaetrdaoi.m o stra­
re, cnoerlsd oiq uesrtiefl essliapo onsiti,ang iodcioq ue­
stpir oblpeemlria f eddee lClheis ee.
Recentemeunnet sege ethaa f atntoot aar rea,ig noec,h e
dopBou ltmannens suhnapo o turitfoa ruen at eolodgeila
NuovToe stamednegtnoad iq uesntomoe •1Q uesltaac una
è dovutcae rtamaelnft atet coh ele 'sgeesiin conotggria
un'enodrmieffi ctoàal riduirrlde i varigol sitt ruasd pie ­
ciiaslt(iscudiii velrbisriei t emdie Nlu ovToe stam)e,n to
chem aniefstaunnoa c ompletrtaaos rmfaziodneelg ia p­
procecsie geetl iegc ria,n sdiin tteesoil ogaincchoecr,ha i a­
mat«ee tolioaeg/b ilbiacc/h»e.Q ueldliaB utlmann,t anto
perct iarseo llou, is fortunatèas mteanfttataet sae nza le
procedeusreeg etoigcgnhiee c essaalrlsiaue sa o pravviven­
zaE.s spae,qr u anbtriol laens tteil maon,tp eelra 'mpiezza
delsluepe r olbematielc o'hmebra cheq ueshtaen ndoi ffu­
sos ulrliec erdcehlegl een aezrinio edsiee gtcih ec ih anno
precedfuotrnios,c dee lrlies pocshtene o ns oddainsoaf f­
fatttuot ltee noastttsereCe.o me diceuvmao rciosunmn oo
1 H.R. aisaBneeynno,dN ew TestamTheenotl oAgy s.t oaryn adp roagm,r
LondonP hiladel1p99h0i.a
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9
demii evie ccphrioe fssodriei s egBeulstim,a nhnaa ffron­
tatpor obldeimi im portacnazap itmalaen ,o nh af ornito
soulzio.n. ie. n oin emmenCoo!m unqsuieda e plr ogetto
dell'imbpurletsmaa nnlieda inffiac,oc lhteeàs ssao lvlaoe b­
bilgangiole segaelltami o des.t ia
Ilm iop rogestist iot aula qduiaN .o nè n éu n'esposizione
globdaelleol d ae lclrei stodleoNlgu ioevT oe stamennét o,
une samdeed ii vetriostlici ri stolporgeisceind taPa iteit ro,
PalooG,i caomod,a gelvina geloid satllii bdreoAl plo'c alis­
sep,e srt udilaalr ooer oirnieg,l olrfuaon zioenl ee' volu­
ziodneell o ruos 2oN•o nè n emmenuono studdieol slvoi ­
luppdoe lclrai stodlaolgplireai ,mc eo nefssiodniif e dien
Gesmùo rteor isoarltlfoorme u laziroenlia atlilpvare e sei­
stean zaell am ediazciroenaet dreiLlco eg o3Is• n u np rimo
tempo vhool uptiotu otsitnod ivicdoumaere ep erché la
cristo-lcoognli asa u cao mponegnetseu lodgici ucpiaa ,r ­
lereimmom deiatam-eanbtbeip rao gsrseivamaleinmteen ­
tatsoen ona ddiriitntvuairds aio v edrisosirsc ies cridtetli­
laC heispa rimitIinuv nas .e conmdoom entèos tanteo­
cessairnitpoer retuanraet alien vas:ie osnsieam lpciaf or­
sec heln 'siiedmeeg slcir icthtiia matoiv oT Neustamento
sioas ntaetlia boarp aatrit dialrlega e sucroigisatN?oo lnc i
sonaol tdriem enssitornuit tt,iuc rhaenn ons ainoq uelle
stesdseelm leam oria?
4•
Ils ostan«tegisvuoc risteol l'oaggigaec»th teni evd oe riva,
«egsucrist»or,li ocghiiceqoduoanlocp hreeic saz.iL oaln oe­
ros cealn tonèm oltfoei lc,se ondo' accomradq ou,e stteir ­
minhia nnpoe riòvl a ntadggisi oot toliirlna epaproert o im­
prenscincdhieeb siiels tetr lae c omponednetlidl iev erse
2L 'opedriaF .H ahnC,h ristolHoohgeiistcsèhtu ein tt ieplie,cse mop idoi
quesgteon edriae p pocrcio.
3 Suq uesgteone ed ria pprocccfriJ.o.D , un nC,h ristoilno gyMt ahkei ng.
Neclo rso ndoeselta lrnea ldiosvrie mdoi alodgipa ircùeo nq uesatuot o­
rec heh av oluatnoc haeffr ontaalr tee mpos tesips roo bldeemlil 'evolu­
ziotneeo lodgeiNlcu ao vToe stam(eCnhttrioos loigynt hMea kienq gu)e l­
ldie lsluaua n ità/vdeirs(Ui ntiàat ndyD ivsei)rty.
4 Cfr.P .G ise«lLa, m émoicroem mset ructtuhréeo logRiTqPu1 e52• ,
(19936) 6«:Tr acceer sòv ilupqpuelira tò e cshile a m emorpiuaòv alere
comset ruutrttae olofgoincdaa menttenatlaedn,imd oots racroem nee l­
lat ematdieclmale am orsiica r istalil idpzuozelic inh oen ,e ll'enunciato
dottrinalec lasdseiclcr oi stianesimog,l oobraglalmnavei inzcttzreaae n­o
dentiepl,o lcor istoeli oplgo ilpcono e uomlaotg»i.c o
lO