George Cartwright’s The Labrador Companion PDF
Preview George Cartwright’s The Labrador Companion
George Cartwright’s The Labrador Companion George Cartwright’s The Labrador Companion Edited by Marianne P. Stopp McGill-Queen’sUniversityPress Montreal&Kingston • London • Chicago ©MarianneP.Stopp2016 isbn978-0-7735-4805-3(cloth) isbn978-0-7735-4806-0(paper) isbn978-0-7735-4839-8(epdf) isbn978-0-7735-4840-4(epub) Legaldepositthirdquarter2016 BibliothèquenationaleduQuébec PrintedinCanadaonacid-freepaper ThisbookhasbeenpublishedwiththehelpofagrantfromtheCanadian FederationfortheHumanitiesandSocialSciences,throughtheAwards toScholarlyPublicationsProgram,usingfundsprovidedbytheSocial SciencesandHumanitiesResearchCouncilofCanada. McGill-Queen’sUniversityPressacknowledgesthesupportoftheCanada CouncilfortheArtsforourpublishingprogram.Wealsoacknowledge thefinancialsupportoftheGovernmentofCanadathroughtheCanada BookFundforourpublishingactivities. LibraryandArchivesCanadaCataloguinginPublication Cartwright,George,1739–1819,author GeorgeCartwright'sTheLabradorcompanion/editedbyMarianne P.Stopp. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Issuedinprintandelectronicformats. isbn978-0-7735-4805-3(cloth).–isbn978-0-7735-4806-0(paper).– isbn978-0-7735-4839-8(epdf).–isbn978-0-7735-4840-4(epub) 1.Cartwright,George,1739–1819. 2.Furtraders–Newfoundlandand Labrador–Labrador–History–18thcentury. 3.Furtrade–Newfoundland andLabrador–Labrador–History–18thcentury. 4.Frontierandpioneer life–NewfoundlandandLabrador–Labrador. 5.Hunting–Newfoundland andLabrador–Labrador–History–18thcentury. 6.Naturalhistory– NewfoundlandandLabrador–Labrador. 7.Inuit–Newfoundlandand Labrador–Labrador–History–18thcentury. 8.Labrador(N.L.)–History– 18thcentury. I.Stopp,MarianneP.,editor II.Title. III.Title:Labrador companion. fc2193.3.c37a32016 971.8'202092 c2016-904205-7 c2016-904206-5 Contents Acknowledgments vii Preface ix Introduction xi George Cartwright’s The Labrador Companion 1 Appendix 327 Bibliography 343 Index 349 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments Michael and Ragnhild Sweet-Escott have my deepest thanks for allow- ing The Labrador Companion to be brought into the Canadian histori- cal repertoire. Ellen Sweet-Escott and Ian Smith also supported the advancement of this three-year project, and I am grateful for their help and interest. With The Labrador Companion, Cartwright guides us yet deeper into eighteenth-century Canadian history, and in a way that is quiteunlikeotherdocumentsoftheperiod.“OldLabrador,”asGeorge Cartwrightwassometimescalled,hasfiguredlargeinmyfocalandphys- ical absences from home. Richard and Thomas have always been there whenI’vereturned,andthisworkisdedicatedtothem. Jonathan Crago, Kathleen Fraser, and Grace R. Seybold of McGill- Queen’sUniversityPresswereencouragingeditorsandensuredasmooth publication process. I am also grateful to three reviewers whose com- mentshelpedtoimprovethe initial manuscript. A Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council grant partially funded a trip to England tomeettheSweet-Escottfamilyandtostudythemanuscriptuponwhich thisbookisbased. This page intentionally left blank Preface With the discovery in 1979 of Captain George Cartwright’s manuscript entitled Additions to the Labrador Companion in a family archive in SouthAfrica,itbecameclearthatCartwright(1739–1819)hadatsome timeinhislifewrittenanearliermanuscriptnamedTheLabradorCom- panion.Persistentsearchesforthisdocumentwereunsuccessfuluntilthe autumnof2013,whenitsownersfoundme. TheLabradorCompanionwas writtenby Cartwrightin1810when he lived in the Nottingham area. On his death, most of his belongings passedtohisunmarriedsisterFrancesDorothyCartwright,whowasalso theexecutrixofhiswill.Themanuscriptwasthenhandeddownthrough CartwrightfamilydescendantsinEnglandandiscurrentlyintheposses- sion of Dr Michael and Ragnhild Sweet-Escott of Yorkshire. Michael Sweet-EscottisthegrandsonofAliceBeatriceSweet-Escott(1859–1948; née Cartwright) whose father, John Cartwright (1820–1863), was a grandson of the Reverend Doctor Edmund Cartwright (1743–1823), a well-known inventor and Captain George Cartwright’s brother. Upon Frances Dorothy Cartwright’s death, or perhaps before, the manuscript came into the possession of the Reverend Doctor’s family. Both The Labrador Companion and Additions to the Labrador Companion re- mainedinthisfamilylineanditisEdmund’sgrandson,JohnCartwright, whosesignatureisfoundontheflyleafofbothmanuscripts. Following the early deaths of John Cartwright and his wife Helena Augusta(néevonBeverhoudt)in1863,theirthreeyoungchildren,George, Frances Dorothy, and Alice Beatrice, were raised by their uncle George Cartwright(1811–?)wholivedinLymeRegisinahouseknownasCliff Cottage.ThetwomanuscriptsalsocametoLymeRegisatthattimealong withotherbooksandpapersoriginallyfromCaptainGeorgeCartwright’s estate.Inthemid-twentiethcentury,membersoftheLymeRegisarmof theCartwrightfamilyemigratedtoSouthAfrica,whichishowAdditions
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