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siy; *.irFifW*. : — Foryour examination with the compliments of W. GAGE LIMITED J. Box 550, 1500Birchmount Road Scarborough, Ontario. Theprice ofthis book is Date J. Kenneth Payne 0X MBB1S Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Alberta Libraries https://archive.org/details/geographyfortodaOObarr ) OUR BIG WORLD front: Lookingtowardthe backupper: BoatsinEgypton back lower: Cutting grain in Matterhorn in Switzerland the great highway of the Nile southeastern Norway (Photo Researchers, Inc. (D. ForbertfromShostal) (Ewing Krainin) 2704028 HARLAN BARROWS H. Late,DepartmentofGeography, UniversityofChicago EDITH PUTNAM PARKER Formerly, DepartmentofGeography, University ofChicago CLARENCE W. SORENSEN Department of Geography, Illinois State Normal University W. GAGE LIMITED TORONTO • J. GEOGRAPHY FOR TODAY’S WORLD WORLD BIG ©1962 V/. J. GAGE LIMITED Toronto,Canada AllRightsReserved PRINTEDANDBOUNDINCANADA LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF AlBERTA Preface Our Big World is part of a unified course An outstanding characteristic of this ge- in elementary geography. The books of this ography series is the simplicity of the text. series provide a closely organized program of The language is precise; the vocabulary, work. They stress essentials. They build simple; and the sentence structure, direct. consistently on what has gone before. They Themaps and theprogram ofmapreading use facts to develop ideas, and they show are unique. Maps related to kodachromes, a the relationship of one fact or idea to an- map in a drawing, and globes with blown-up other. They stimulate clear and independent details of specific lands are original teaching thinking and create useful understandings. inventions that develop real understandings Elementary geography should deal with of maps and map symbols. The globes and the world only as the home of man. In Our maps were specifically created to serve the — Big World, people their work in getting educational purposes of this book. food, clothing, and shelter, their relations to Most of the kodachromes in this series, — their own land and to other lands enliven and many of the black and white photo- every story. Our Big World is attractive and graphs, were specially taken by a geographer- interesting to children. But fact, not fiction, photographer who was sent around the world permeates thebook. on specific assignment to get pictures needed Our Big World tells stories of people in to illustrate these texts. Colored and black selected lands throughout the world. Some and white drawings were used for specific of the lands are far from the equator, some purposes and to heighten interest. Authen- near it; some are mountainous, some low; ticity, teaching quality, and beauty of design some have seacoasts, some lie inland from were standards constantly applied to the the sea. The pupil inevitably acquires geo- selection or creation of the illustrations. graphic understandings of the world as he To Miss Beatrice Collins and Miss Alys moves from one part of the world to another. Conkling, who helped in many ways, special From his homeland, the pupil moves thanks are tendered. northward and eastward to Iceland and the Forvaluable assistance in assembling data Arctic Ocean. He then moves southward on recent changes in the parts of the world through Norway, the Netherlands, and treated in this book, the authors are deeply Switzerland to lands along the Mediter- grateful to Dr. John H. Kemler, Professor and ranean. A great southward journey along Chairman, Department of Geography, Beloit the Nile takes him to the equator. Moving College; Dr. Edna E. Eisen, Professor, De- ever southward, he sees explorers at work partment of Geography, Kent State Univer- in the frozen continent of Antarctica. sity; Miss Laura Oftedal, Teacher, The A northward journey takes him through Laboratory Schools, The University of Chi- Australia and India and on to Hong Kong cago; Dr. Edwin S. Munger, Research Asso- and Japan. In Alaska, he begins a north- ciate (Associate Professor), Department of south journey along the west coast of the Geography, The University of Chicago; Miss Americas to Cape Horn. Finally, he comes Agnes Whitmarsh, Librarian, Map Library, back tohis startingpointin our own country. The University of Chicago; Dr. Norton S. One of the great geographic truths is Ginsburg, Associate Professor, Departmentof brought out again and again. This is the Geography, The University of Chicago. theme of change, that man lives in an ever- changing world. Another great geographic Harlan H. Barrows — truth that people everywhere are interde- Edith Putnam Parker — pendent is emphasized time and again. Clarence Woodrow Sorensen v Contents GETTING READY FOR OUR WORLD JOURNEY 1 . 1 We Visit a Famous City and an Airport We Learn More about Map Signs We Use a Map of North America We Meet Our Globe Guide Exploring for Yourselves .... 2 IN ICELAND AND THE ARCTIC OCEAN 21 An Island Country In the Arctic Exploring for Yourselves 3 FROM NORTH TO SOUTH IN NORWAY .... 29 In the Far North South along the Coast From Sea to Sea Exploring for Yourselves 4 IN THE NETHERLANDS 45 Below Sea Level Farm Scenes and Farm Life How Ships and Planes Help the Netherlands Exploring for Yourselves 5 IN SWITZERLAND 61 Mountain Farmers Summer and Winter in the Village Travelers in Switzeiland Swiss City Workers Exploring for Yourselves 6 A MEDITERRANEAN TRIP 75 A Farm Village in Southern Spain Along the Coast of Southern Italy In Southern Greece Exploring for Yourselves vi