Geographies of Global Issues: Change and Threat

591 Pages·2016·8.06 MB·English

by  Nicola Ansell

Geographies of Children and Young People 8
Nicola Ansell
Natascha Klocker Editors
Tracey Skelton Editor-in-Chief
Geographies of
Global Issues:
Change and
Threat
1 3
Reference
Geographies of Children and Young People
Volume8
Editor-in-Chief
TraceySkelton
DepartmentofGeography
NationalUniversityofSingapore
Singapore,Singapore
GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeopleisaMajorReferenceWorkcomprising
12 volumes that pulls together the best international reflective and innovative
scholarship focusing on younger people. Volumes 1 and 2 establish and critically
engage with the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological groundings of this
geographical subdiscipline. Volumes 3–11 provide in depth thematic analysis of
keytopical areas pertinent tochildren’sandyoungpeople’slives:space, place and
environment;identitiesandsubjectivities;familiesandpeergroups;movementand
mobilities; politics and citizenship; global issues and change; play and well-being;
learning and labouring; conflict and peace. Volume 12 connects both academic,
policy,andpractitionerbasedworkaroundprotectionandprovision.
SeriesTitles
1. EstablishingGeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople
2. MethodologicalApproaches
3. Space,Place,andEnvironment
4. IdentitiesandSubjectivities
5. Families,Intergenerationality,andPeerGroupRelations
6. Movement,Mobilities,andJourneys
7. Politics,Citizenship,andRights
8. GeographiesofGlobalIssues:ChangeandThreat
9. PlayandRecreation,HealthandWellbeing
10. LabouringandLearning
11. Conflict,Violence,andPeace
12. Risk,Protection,Provision,andPolicy
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/13414
(cid:129)
Nicola Ansell Natascha Klocker
Editors
Tracey Skelton
Editor-in-Chief
Geographies of Global
Issues: Change and Threat
With35Figuresand17Tables
Editors
NicolaAnsell NataschaKlocker
InstituteofEnvironment,Healthand SchoolofGeographyandSustainable
Societies Communities
BrunelUniversity UniversityofWollongong
Uxbridge,UK Wollongong,NSW,Australia
Editor-in-Chief
TraceySkelton
DepartmentofGeography
NationalUniversityofSingapore
Singapore,Singapore
ISBN978-981-4585-53-8 ISBN978-981-4585-54-5(eBook)
ISBN978-981-4585-55-2 (printandelectronicbundle)
DOI10.1007/978-981-4585-54-5
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016942783
#SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2016
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Series Preface
Geographies of Children and Young People now constitutes a major subdiscipline
within Geography. This is a very exciting and influential time in its development.
Hence, it is important to capture the dynamism, depth, and breadth of the
subdiscipline within a Major Reference Work (MRW). Springer Major Reference
Worksareproducedinsuchawaythatupdatingandeditingoftheonlineversioncan
be done every few years. This means that the publication does not fix the data,
debates,anddeliverybutrathermovesandevolveswiththesubdisciplineitself.The
intentionandexpectationofthisMRWisthatthissubstantivecollectionwillbethe
go-to resource for scholars, educators, and practitioners workingwith children and
youngpeople.
Whilefoundingscholarshipwaspublishedinthe1970sand1980s,thedramatic
expansionofresearchandpublicationinthefieldreallybeganinthelate1990sand
hascontinuedexponentially.Thelastdecadehaswitnessedasubstantiveincreasein
graduatestudentresearchprojectsandasurgeinuniversity-levelteachingrelatedto
children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographies.Itisthereforeextremelytimelythatthis
12-volume major reference work has been produced. Together as Editor-in-Chief,
Volume Editors, and Authors, we have developed the largest single collection of
geographicworkfocusingonchildrenandyoungpeopleintheworld.Intellectually,
the work reaches beyond geography to the wider social and behavioral sciences;
many of the authors in the series are not geographers, and so, the collection is
healthily and engagingly transdisciplinary. Anyone working with children and
young people will find chapters that connect very effectively with their own inter-
ests.Specialistsaswellasgraduateandtertiaryeducationstudentswillfindrelevant
workdistributedthroughouttheMRWorlocateeverythingtheymightneedwithin
onethematicvolume.
This Series was founded on certain key intellectual and political principles.
Working with young people and children within the academy has not always been
easynorastraightforwardpathwayforacademics.Ithastakentimeforscholarsto
convince their colleagues of the following: that children and young people really
matter; that they should not be marginalized by the academy; that they have
competency and agency and play important roles in society; and that they should
betakenseriouslyaspeopleregardlessofageorsize.This12-volumecollectionis
material evidenceoftheacademicimportanceofchildrenandyoungpeopleinour
v
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world. The MRW is determinedly international in approach, in authorship, and in
content. The huge diversity of nations and territories explored in the collection as
well as the geographic locations of author contributors is a real testament to the
commitment of the Editor-in-Chief and Volume Editors to be genuinely interna-
tional. Childrenandyoungpeople areeverywhere ontheplanet, henceit isimper-
ative that this Series reflects that ubiquity. Drawing from scholars and scholarship
from within and about the majority world has been a key achievement for each
volume. Another aspect of inclusivity relates to authorship. Foundational, well-
established, and early career scholars are all well represented throughout the
volumes.
The12volumesworkcollectivelyasaseriesandalsostandaloneassinglebooks.
Thevolumesarelengthyandcontainbetween25and35fullchapters;eachvolume
isanexcellentresource ofexpertise, content, and analysis. Volume 1,Establishing
GeographiesofChildrenandYoungPeople,isdesignedtopulltogethersomeofthe
foundational work in the sub discipline; demonstrate the emergence and establish-
mentofparticularphilosophical,theoretical,andconceptualthemes;andcapturethe
diversityofgeographicworkonchildrenandyoungpeopleasitconnectswithother
sub- and disciplinary approaches.Thisvolumepresentsthekey founding elements
of the sub discipline. Volume 2, Methodological Approaches, explores the grand
array of methodological approaches and tools that children’s and young people’s
geographers,andothersocialandbehavioralscientists,haveworkedwith,adapted,
andinvented.Chaptersexploreresearchpractices,techniques,dataanalysis,and/or
interpretation.Workingwithyoungerpeopleinresearchdemandsdifferentwaysof
doing research and hence addressing the complexities of power relations. Method-
ologically,innovationandexperimentationhavebeenveryimportant.Space,Place,
andEnvironment(Vol.3)takesthesethreecentralgeographicconceptsanddebates
and extends them. The volume is structured around five subsections: Indigenous
Youth – Space and Place; Children, Nature, and Environmental Education; Urban
Spaces; Home Spaces and Homeless Spaces; and Border Spaces. Several of these
themes are explored in fuller depth in subsequent specialized volumes. Volumes
1 and 3 will be particularly useful starting points for readers less familiar with
geography as a discipline. Volume 4, Identities and Subjectivities, is designed to
focusonthestuffoflifeandlivingforyoungerpeople.Thechaptersexaminewho
young people and children are and what their social identities and subjectivities
mean in the context of their spatial experiences. The volume explores identity
formation and the spatial meaning of identities and subjectivities in relation to a
broadrangeofsocialrelations.Thechaptersexplorehowyoungpeople’ssensesof
selfhoodandbelongingemergethroughcomplexprocessesofinclusion,exclusion,
andmarginalizationandtheimportantroleplayedbyrepresentation,discourse,and
creativity. In Vol. 5, Families, Intergenerationality, and Peer Group Relations, the
focusisonthewaysinwhichchildrenandyoungpeoplearerelationallyconnected
withothers.SectionIdemonstratesthatfamilialrelationshipsandthespatialityofthe
homeareextremelyimportantinallchildren’sandyoungpeople’slives,eventhough
the patterns and structures of families and the spaces/places of home vary geo-
graphically and temporally geographically and temporally. Section II innovatively
SeriesPreface vii
examinesthe complexitiesand spatialitiesofextrafamilialintergenerationalrelation-
shipsandthecomplexmeaningsofagerelationality.SectionIIIemphasizeschildren’s
andyoungpeople’srelationshipswithoneanother.Thisincludesworkongeographies
ofemotionandaffect,bodiesandembodiment.
Themobilityturningeographyhasbeenhighlyinfluentialinthesocialsciences.
Children’sandyoungpeople’sgeographershavebeensignificantintheparadigmatic
shift around mobilities and immobilities. In Vol. 6, Movement, Mobilities, and
Journeys, contributors examine the role children and young people play in these
“travels” in a range of diverse global contexts. The chapters collectively provide
theoretical, empirical, and methodological insights and examples of actual move-
ment combined with analysis of a range of complex contexts, spatialities, and
temporalities that facilitate or hamper mobility. Volume 7 takes us into the realm
of children and young people as political beings. Politics, Citizenship and Rights
explores the political geographies of younger people in order to bring analytical
attention to intricacies of the policies that specifically affect young people and
children, alongside the politics at play in their everyday lives. Divided into four
sections, the volume interrogates the spatialities of the rights of the child, children
and young people’s agency in politics, youthful practices and political resistance,
andactiveyouthcitizenship.Volume8,GeographiesofGlobalIssues:Changeand
Threat, unites three broad research themes that are often examined separately:
economicglobalizationandculturalchange;internationaldevelopment;andchildren
andyoungpeople’sconnectionswithclimatechange,naturalhazards,andenviron-
mental issues. What pulls these themes together is the recognition that younger
peopleareimportantactorsandagentswithintheseprocessesandthattheirengage-
ment/disengagementiscrucialfortheplanet’sfuture.InVol.9,PlayandRecreation,
Health and Wellbeing, important, well-established, but often contentious foci of
children’sandyoungpeople’slivesareexaminedconceptually,temporally,spatially,
in practice, and through representation. Many of the debates about children’s
embodimentrevolvingaroundobesity,unfitness,wellness,andneglectarerelatively
new in the social sciences, and geographers have played important roles in their
closer scrutiny. Volume 10, Labouring and Learning, provides an integrated and
multidimensional approach to understanding what learning and laboring mean to
children andyoungpeople.Thetwoconceptsareexploredindepth andbreadthin
order to capture the variance of what work and education mean and how they are
practicedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesthroughchildhoodandyouth.Key
thematic areas for this volume include social reproduction, transitions, aspirations,
and social and cultural capital. In Conflict, Violence and Peace (Vol. 11), the
emphasis is on the ways in which children are impacted and affected by, and
involvedwith,highlyproblematic and fragile conditions ofwar, violence, conflict,
and peace. As more and more younger people experience a range of conflicts and
social,economic, and political violence, it is essential to examine what happens to
them and what roles they play in processes such as asylum, child soldiering,
terrorism, counterterrorism, ending conflict, and building peace. Volume 12, Risk,
Protection, Provision and Policy, serves to connect academic research and policy
andplanningthataffectschildrenandyoungpeople.Policy,planning,andprovision
viii SeriesPreface
are often purportedly about reducing risk and offering protection but are also
associatedwiththecontrolandcontainmentofyoungerpeople,particularlyspatially.
The chapters explore the ways in which policies at different scales affect children
andyoungpeopleintermsoftheiraccesstospaceandtheirlifechances.
ThisSeriesisanextremelyrich,varied,andvibrantcollectionofworkcentered
on geographies of children and young people. Just as children and young people
bringvibrancy,diversity,andcomplexitytoourworlds,sothisMRWisdesignedto
showcase, deepen, and develop the geographic scholarship that captures, albeit
partially, the fascinating social heterogeneity and diverse spatialities of children’s
andyoungpeople’slives.
NationalUniversityofSingapore,Singapore TraceySkelton
May20,2015 MAOxon,Ph.D.
Editor-in-Chief
Preface
Children and youth everywhere are experiencing change. Their lives differ from
thoseofpreviousgenerationsacrossallspheresofhumanactivity–social,cultural,
and economic. This change is wrought through social, cultural, and economic
processes, interwoven with unprecedented changes in the physical environment,
and is manifest in different ways in different places. Moreover, not only do young
peopleexperiencechange,theyalsocontributetoit.Youngpeople’sactivities,both
those that are intended to provoke change and those that are more routine and less
reflectedupon,contributetoongoingtransformations,bothpositiveandnegative.
Thisvolumebringstogether57authorsfromsixcontinentstoexplorehowglobal
changeisexpressedinandthroughthelivesofyoungpeople,andhowyoungpeople
themselvesconfrontandcontributetochangeandthreatatglobalandatmorelocal
levels. The volume’s spatial spread highlights both the widespread nature and also
thespecificlocalexpressionsofglobalandenvironmentalprocesses.Italsoreveals
the remarkable geographical breadth of current research into young people’s lives.
Theauthorsareconcernedwithyoungpeopleofdifferentages(frominfantstothose
approaching adulthood), living in vastly different situations and from different
backgrounds. They are interested in young people’s own lives and perspectives,
but also the roles that childhood and youth play in society more broadly as it
responds to new situations. The chapters divide in equal number across two main
sections.
SectionI“Globalization:ProcessesandImpacts”examines processesofglobal-
izationandthewaysinwhichtheyincorporateandimpactuponthelivesofyoung
people.Theglobaleconomydrawsyoungpeopleintoworkandentrepreneurialism
in a variety of ways. While some forms of work (notably “child labor”) appear to
conflict with prevailing global discourses, others (such as entrepreneurialism) are
hailedbymanyinternationalinstitutions.Wheremanyyoungpeopleinvestintheir
own football skills or educational credentials, a growing minority are finding new
waystoaccumulatewealthbyprocuringandsellingfootballingtalentorcompeting
as providers in the private education market. Childcare itself is increasingly bound
into global economic circuits; new forms of employment require parents to devise
complex childcare arrangements, in some instances involving the global migration
ofdomesticworkers.
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