Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

688 Pages·2015·15.01 MB·English

by  Bagchi

Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics
in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Genomics, Proteomics and
Metabolomics in Nutraceuticals
and Functional Foods
Second Edition
EditEd by
Debasis baGchi
aNaND swarooP
and
MaNashi baGchi
this edition first published 2015 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Genomics, proteomics and metabolomics in nutraceuticals and functional foods / editors, debasis bagchi, Anand Swaroop,
Manashi bagchi. – Second edition.
p. ; cm.
includes bibliographical references and index.
iSbN 978-1-118-93042-7 (cloth)
i. bagchi, debasis, 1954–, editor. ii. Swaroop, Anand, editor. iii. bagchi, Manashi, editor.
[dNLM: 1. dietary Supplements–analysis. 2. Functional Food–analysis. 3. Genetic techniques. 4. Metabolomics–methods.
5. Nutrigenomics–methods. 6. Proteomics–methods. QU 145.5]
QP144.F85
613.2–dc23
2015018214
A catalogue record for this book is available from the british Library.
Cover image: 1) dNA Strands: Zhijian Huang/iStockphoto
2) Cheese Stick: Stock photo/JohnGollop
3) test tube Rack in a Laboratory: Pgiam/iStockphoto
4) Spaghetti al Sugo: Ekspansio/iStockphoto
5) Model of Human Hemoglobin: Martin McCarthy/Getty images
6) Crinkle Cut Fries background: dustyPixel/iStockphoto
Set in 9/11pt times by SPi Global, Pondicherry, india
1 2015
Dedicated to my beloved and respected Baba Maulana Abdul Subhan

Contents
Contributors xxiv
Preface xxxi
Part I Introduction 1
1 Novel Omics Technologies in Food Nutrition 3
Xuewu Zhang, Lijun You, Wei Wang, and Kaijun Xiao
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Transcriptomics in Nutritional Research 4
1.3 Proteomics in Nutritional Research 5
1.4 Metabolomics in Nutritional Research 7
1.5 Systems Biology in Nutritional Research 9
1.6 Conclusions 9
References 10
2 Seafood Authentication using Foodomics: Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Genomics 14
Karola Böhme, Jorge Barros‐Velázquez, Pilar Calo‐Mata, José M. Gallardo, and Ignacio Ortea
2.1 Introduction 14
2.2 Proteomic Approaches 15
2.3 Metabolomic Approaches 19
2.4 Genomic Approaches 20
2.5 Conclusions 25
References 26
3 A Foodomics Approach Reveals Hypocholesterolemic Activity of Red Microalgae 31
Irit Dvir, Aliza H. Stark, and Shoshana (Malis) Arad
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Marine Functional Foods and Supplements 32
3.2.1 Algae as a Functional Food 32
3.2.2 The Nutritional Value of Algae 32
3.3 Microalgae 33
3.3.1 Red Microalgae 34
3.3.2 Sulfated Polysaccharides from Red Microalgae 34
3.3.3 Red Microalgae as a Hypocholesterolemic Agent 35
3.4 Summary 37
References 37
Part II Genomics 41
4 Gene‐Diet Interaction and Weight Management 43
Lu Qi
4.1 Introduction 43
4.2 Diet and Lifestyle Modifications in Weight Management 44
viii Contents
4.3 The Role of Genetic Factors in Determining Body Weight and Weight Loss 44
4.4 Gene‐Diet Interactions on Body Weight and Risk of Obesity 46
4.5 Gene‐Diet Interactions on Weight Loss in Randomized Clinical Trials 47
4.6 Gene‐Diet Interactions on Weight Maintenance 48
4.7 Personalized Weight Management through Diet and Lifestyle Modifications 49
4.8 Summary and Concluding Remarks 50
Acknowledgments 50
References 50
5 NutrimiRomics: The Promise of a New Discipline in Nutrigenomics 53
Amitava Das and Chandan K. Sen
5.1 Introduction 53
5.2 miRomics: A New Cornerstone 56
5.3 Nutrigenomics and miR 57
References 58
6 Genomics as a Tool to Characterize Anti‐inflammatory Nutraceuticals 61
Amitava Das, Scott Chaffee, and Sashwati Roy
6.1 Chronic Inflammation in Disease 61
6.1.1 Vascular Disorders 61
6.1.2 Respiratory Disorders 62
6.1.3 Gastrointestinal Tract 62
6.1.4 Neurodegenerative Diseases 63
6.1.5 Cancer 63
6.1.6 Rheumatic Diseases 63
6.2 Nutraceuticals in the Management of Chronic Inflammation 64
6.3 GeneChipTM as a Tool to Characterize the Anti‐Inflammatory
Properties of Nutraceuticals 65
References 68
7 Nutrigenomics, Inflammaging, and Osteoarthritis: A Review 71
Ali Mobasheri, Richard Barrett‐Jolley, Caroline A. Staunton, Chris Ford, and Yves Henrotin
7.1 Introduction 71
7.2 Osteoarthritis (OA) 72
7.3 Antioxidants and the Inflammatory Microenvironment 73
7.4 Inflammaging 75
7.5 Nutrigenomics 76
7.6 Muscle Inflammation in OA 77
7.7 Conclusions 80
Acknowledgments, Competing Interests, and Disclosures 80
References 80
8 Genetic Basis of Anti‐Inflammatory Properties of Boswellia Extracts 85
Golakoti Trimurtulu, Chandan K. Sen, Alluri V. Krishnaraju, Kiran Bhupathiraju, and Krishanu Sengupta
8.1 Introduction 85
8.2 Boswellia serrata 86
8.3 Mechanism of Action 87
8.4 Development of 5‐LOXIN® (BE‐30) 87
8.4.1 Genetic Basis for Efficacy of 5‐LOXIN® (BE‐30) 88
8.5 Gene Chip Probe Array Analysis 88
8.6 Proteomics 89
8.7 Molecular Basis of Anti‐Inflammatory Properties of 5‐LOXIN® 95