Genitourinary System Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimens PDF
Preview Genitourinary System Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimens
Christopher J. VandenBussche Carla L. Ellis Editors Genitourinary System Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimens Essentials in Cytopathology Series Editor Momin T. Siddiqui 123 Essentials in Cytopathology Series Editor Momin T. Siddiqui, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA The subspecialty of Cytopathology is 60 years old and has become established as a solid and reliable discipline in medicine. As expected, cytopathology literature has expanded in a remarkably short period of time, from a few textbooks prior to the 1980’s to a current library of texts and journals devoted exclusively to cytomorphology that is substantial. Essentials in Cytopathology does not presume to replace any of the distinguished textbooks in Cytopathology. Instead, the series will publish generously illustrated and user-friendly guides for both pathologists and clinicians. Christopher J. VandenBussche Carla L. Ellis Editors Genitourinary System Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimens Editors Christopher J. VandenBussche Carla L. Ellis Department of Pathology Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University Northwestern University Baltimore, MD, USA Chicago, IL, USA ISSN 1574-9053 ISSN 1574-9061 (electronic) Essentials in Cytopathology ISBN 978-3-030-87874-0 ISBN 978-3-030-87875-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87875-7 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To my family, for unconditionally supporting and loving me throughout my career. To my patients, for allowing a very tough time in your lives to contribute to my personal learning, the teaching of my trainees, and the overall ability to become a great pathologist – I am forever grateful. To our junior authors and to my co-editor: We did it!!! CLE To Roland. CJV Foreword Pee in a cup, we’ll tell you what’s up! While this statement seems facetious rather than factual, it truly applies to urinary cytology. With the advent of The Paris System for Reporting Urine Cytology (TPS) in 2016, cytologic examination of urinary tract liquid samples has received recogni- tion as a valid diagnostic system. Although unable to localize the origin of any abnormal cells, the recognition of such cells in a urine sample will start the cascade of the diagnostic workup of the patient. Once found, a tissue sample of the lesion, obtained either by forceps biopsy, FNA, or core, informs patient management, treatment, and follow-up. This latest volume in the Essentials in Cytology Series includes the common and unusual lesions of the genitourinary tract, and describes the relationship between exfoliated cells and tissue architecture obtained by biopsy. Gleaning so much information from so small a sample is impressive enough when evaluated by light microscopy. If coupled with immunohistochemical testing, indeterminate interpretations can often be resolved, saving time, money, and anxiety for patients and their clinicians. Essential to any pathology text are excellent photomicrographs that illustrate the diagnostic criteria of each pathologic entity. This volume ful- fills that requirement. The intended readership is practitioners in histopathology and cytopathology. Clinicians will find the algorithmic approach use- ful when planning the workup of their patients with suspected vii viii Foreword urinary tract disease. The authors share their experience and expertise with clarity and pragmatism. Their efforts will contrib- ute to better outcomes for patients, the beneficiaries of optimized medical practice. Professor Emerita Dorothy L. Rosenthal, MD, FIAC Pathology/Cytopathology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA Preface Genitourinary system cytopathology specimens and small biopsies are common specimens, with a growing number of renal fine needle aspirations and core biopsy procedures being performed each year. Those who routinely practice cytopathology have been increasingly reviewing cell blocks and small tissue biopsy specimens, which allow for ancillary methods such as immunohistochemistry and molecular testing to improve diagnosis and patient care. Genitourinary System Cytology and Small Biopsy Specimens covers the full spectrum of benign and malignant conditions of the genitourinary tract with emphasis on common entities encoun- tered in daily practice. The authors focus on the correlation between urinary tract cytology and surgical pathology, including the evaluation of germ cell tumor metastasis to distant sites. Aspi- ration and exfoliative cytology samples obtained from all areas of and related to the genitourinary tract are highlighted in individual- ized chapters for these entities. The volume is heavily illustrated and contains useful algo- rithms that guide the reader through the differential diagnosis and cytohistologic correlation of common and uncommon entities with appropriate clinical correlations. Recent updates in terminol- ogy, guidelines, and ancillary studies are included. This book will serve as a valuable quick reference for pathologists, cytopatholo- gists, cytotechnologists, fellows, and residents in the field. Baltimore, MD, USA Christopher J. VandenBussche Chicago, IL, USA Carla L. Ellis ix Contents 1 Urinary Tract Exfoliative Cytology and Biopsy Specimens: Nonneoplastic Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Derek B. Allison, Carla L. Ellis, and Christopher J. VandenBussche 2 Urinary Tract Exfoliative Cytology and Biopsy Specimens: Low-Grade Urothelial Neoplasms . . . . . . . 23 Derek B. Allison, Carla L. Ellis, and Christopher J. VandenBussche 3 Urinary Tract Exfoliative Cytology and Biopsy Specimens: High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma . . . . . . 39 Derek B. Allison, Carla L. Ellis, and Christopher J. VandenBussche 4 Urinary Tract Exfoliative Cytology and Biopsy Specimens: Other Urothelial Tract Neoplasms . . . . . . 57 Derek B. Allison, Christopher J. VandenBussche, and Carla L. Ellis 5 Renal Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Biopsy Specimens: Renal Cell Carcinomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Patrick C. Mullane, Sara Mustafa, Christopher J. VandenBussche, and Carla L. Ellis xi
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