Genes, Oncogenes, and Hormones: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer

446 Pages·1992·27.142 MB·English

by  Richard M. Elledge, William L. McGuire (auth.), Robert B. Dickson, Marc E. Lippman (eds.)

Genes, Oncogenes, and Hormones
Cancer Treatment and Research
WILLIAM L. MCGUIRE, series editor
Muggia F.M. (ed): Experimental and Clinical Progress in Cancer Chemotherapy. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-679-9
Higby D.J. (ed): Issues in Supportive Care of Cancer Patients. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-816-3
Surwit E.A., Alberts D.S. (eds): Cervix Cancer. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-822-8
Jacobs C. (ed): Cancers of the Head and Neck. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-825-2
MacDonald J.S. (ed): Gastrointestinal Oncology. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-829-5
RatliffT.L., Catalona W.J. (eds): Genitourinary Cancer. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-830-9
Nathanson L. (ed): Basic and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-856-2
Muggia F.M. (ed): Concepts, Clinical Developments, and Therapeutic Advances in Cancer Chemotherapy.
1987. ISBN 0-89838-879-5
Frankel A.E. (ed): Immunotoxins. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-984-4
Bennett J.M., Foon K.A. (eds): Immunologic Approaches to the Classification and Management of
Lymphomas and Leukemias. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-355-2
Osborne C.K. (ed): Endocrine Therapies in Breast and Prostate Cancer. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-365-X
Lippman M.E., Dickson R. (eds): Breast Cancer: Cellular and Molecular Biology. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-368-4
Kamps W.A., Humphrey G.B., Poppema S. (eds): Hodgkin's Disease in Children: Controversies and
Current Practice. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-372-2
Muggia F.M. (ed): Cancer Chemotherapy: Concepts, Clinical Investigations and Therapeutic Advances.
1988. ISBN 0-89838-381-1
Nathanson L. (ed): Malignant Melanoma: Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-384-6
Pinedo H.M., Verweij J. (eds): Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas. 1989. ISBN 0-89838-391-9
Hansen H.H. (ed): Basic and Clinical Concepts of Lung Cancer. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0153-6
Lepor H., RatliffT.L. (eds): Urologic Oncology. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0161-7
Benz c., Liu E. (eds): Oncogenes. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0237-0
Ozols R.F. (ed): Drug Resistance in Cancer Therapy. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0244-3
Surwit E.A., Alberts D.S. (eds): Endometrial Cancer. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0286-9
Champlin R. (ed): Bone Marrow Transplantation. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0612-0
Goldenberg D. (ed): Cancer Imaging with Radiolabeled Antibodies. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0631-7
Jacobs C. (ed): Carcinomas of the Head and Neck. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0668-6
Lippman M.E., Dickson R. (eds): Regulatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer: Advances in Cellular and
Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0868-9
Nathanson, L. (ed): Maligant Melanoma: Genetics, Growth Factors, Metastases, and Antigens. 1991.
ISBN 0-7923-0895-6
Sugarbaker, P.H. (ed): Management of Gastric Cancer. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1102-7
Pinedo H.M., Verweij J., Suit, H.D., (eds): Soft Tissue Sarcomas: New Developments in the
Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment. ISBN 0-7923-1139-6
Ozols, R.F., (ed): Molecular and Clinical Advances in Anticancer Drug Resistance. 1991.
ISBN 0-7923-1212-0
Muggia, F.M. (ed): New Drugs, Concepts and Results in Cancer Chemotherapy 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1253-8
Dickson, R.B., Lippman, M.E. (eds): Genes, Oncogenes and Hormones: Advances in Cellular and
Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer.
Genes, Oncogenes, and
Hormones
Advances in Cellular and Molecular
Biology of Breast Cancer
edited by
Robert B. Diekson, and Mare E. Lippman
Lombardi Cancer Research Center
Georgetown University Schoo/ of Medicine
Washington, D.C.
~.
" Springer-Science+ Business Media, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Genes, oncogenes, and hormones: advances in cellular and molecular
biology of breast cancer/Robert B. Dickson and Marc E. Lippman,
eds.
p. cm. - (Cancer treatment and research; v. 61)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-6552-5 ISBN 978-1-4615-3500-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-3500-3
1. Breast - Cancer - Molecular aspects. 2. Cancer cells.
3. Oncogenes. 4. Steroid hormones - Receptors. 1. Dickson, Robert
B. (Robert Brent), 1952- . II. Lippman, Mare E., 1945- .
III. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Breast Neoplasms - genetics. 2. Oncogenes - geneties.
3. Receptors, Steroid - genetics. W1 CA693 v.61]
RC280.B8G45 1992
616.99'44907 - dc20
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 92-15491
CIP
© 1992 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1992
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1992
AII rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photocopying, reeording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission
of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Printed on acid-free paper
Dedication
William L. McGuire, M.D.
As we and many of our colleagues were putting the finishing touches on our
chapters for this volume, we were all shocked and deeply saddened to learn
of the sudden death of Bill McGuire on March 22, 1992 in Cozumel,
Mexico. This tragic event is an enormous personal loss for all of us and will
deprive the scientific world of one of its brightest stars. His many remark
able accomplishments will be well known to those who would pick up this
volume. Virtually every chapter in this volume reveals insights into Bill's far
reaching contributions into every aspect of breast cancer biology. We do not
believe it to be an exaggeration to say that his discoveries have directly
resulted in an improved and prolonged life for many thousands of women
afflicted with breast cancer. That legacy along with so many others will most
surely endure. We offer our condolences to his family and to the many
colleagues with whom he worked so closely over the years and whose
careers owe so much his intellectual and personal gifts.
We wish to dedicate this volume to Bill's memory as a means of expressing
our gratitude to him for all that he contributed to the field and as a tribute
to our very close personal friendship. Moreover, we hope that this, our third
volume devoted to the Cellular and Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, will
be only one of a series of scientific and literary efforts which will continue on
the path that Bill has so ably illuminated until our task of ending the scourge
of breast cancer is complete.
Contents
Foreword to the Series Xl
Preface xiii
Contributing Authors xvii
I. The Progression of Node-Negative to -Positive Breast Cancer 1
1. Prognostic Factors in Axillary Node-Negative Breast 2
Cancer
R.M. ELLEDGE and W.L. MCGUIRE
2. Role of Type IV Collagenases in Human Breast Cancer 21
W.G. STETLER-STEVENSON, L.A. LIOTTA, and P.D.
BROWN
II. Suppressor Genes and Negative Growth Factors 43
3. Suppressor Genes in Breast Cancer: An Overview 45
P.S. STEEG
4. The Role of the Retinoblastoma Gene in Breast Cancer 59
Development
Y.K. FUNG and A. T'ANG
5. Mammary Derived Growth Inhibitor (MDGI) 69
R. GROSSE, F.-D. BOHMER, B. BINAS, A. KURTZ,
E. SPITZER, T. MULLER, and W. ZSCHIESCHE
6. Roles for Transforming Growth Factors-~ in the Genesis, 97
Prevention, and Treatment of Breast Cancer
L.M. WAKEFIELD, A.A. COLLETIA, B.K. MCCUNE,
and M.B. SPORN
viii
III. Oncogenes and Stimulatory Growth Factors 137
7. Mechanisms Involving an Expanding erbB/EGF Receptor 139
Family of Tyrosine Kinases in Human Neoplasia.
P.P. DIFIORE and M.H. KRAUS
8. c-erbB Amplification and Overexpression in Human 161
2
Tumors
F.J. LOFTS and W.J. GULLICK
9. Clinical Significance of c-erbB2 Protein Overexpression 181
S. PAIK, E. BURKHARD, and M.E. LIPPMAN
10. Anti-p185HER2 Monoclonal Antibodies: Biological 193
Properties and Potential for Immunotherapy
J.W. PARK, R. STAGG, G.D. LEWIS, P. CARTER,
D. MANEVAL, D.J. SLAMON, H. JAFFE, and H.M.
SHEPARD
II. A Chimeric EGFRlneu Receptor in Studies of neu Function 213
L. LEHTOLA, H. LEHVAsLAIHO, P. KOSKINEN, and
K. ALITALO
12. Involvement of Protein Kinase C in the Growth Regulation 229
of Human Breast Cancer Cells
D. FABBRO, W. KUENG, S.D. COSTA, C. BORNER,
U. REGENASS, and U. EPPENBERGER
13. Tyrosine Kinase Receptor - Nuclear Protooncogene 249
Interactions in Breast Cancer
R.B. DICKSON, D.S. SALOMON, and M.E. LIPPMAN
IV. Steroid Hormone Receptors 275
14. Characterization and Regulation of Estrogen and 277
Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer
L.D. READ and B.S. KATZENELLENBOGEN
15. Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Structure and Action 301
in Breast Cancer Cells
S. BETTUZZI, A. ROBINSON, R. FUCHS-YOUNG, and
G.L. GREENE
16. Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer 317
C.A. BECK and D.P. EDWARDS
ix
V. Differentiation and Function of Epithelium and Stroma in the 353
Breast
17. Intermediate Filament Protein Expression in Normal and 355
Malignant Human Mammary Epithelial Cells
J. TAYLOR-PAPADIMITRIOU, R. WETZELS, and
F. RAMAECKERS
18. Casein Gene Expression: From Tr.ansfection to Transgenics 379
N.M. GREENBERG, J. WOLFE, and J.M. ROSEN
19. The Whey Acidic Protein 399
R.A. MCKNIGHT, T. BURDON, V.G. PURSEL,
A. SHAMAY, R.J. WALL, and L. HENNIGHAUSEN
20. Stromal-Epithelial Interactions in Breast Cancer 413
K.J. CULLEN and M.E. LIPPMAN
Index 433
Cancer Treatment and Research
Foreword
Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the
diagnosis or management of a particular malignancy? The few general
oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized
journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often
preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general
journals frequently publish good in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and
published symposium lectures are often the best overviews available.
Unfortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the
reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered.
Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes that
aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of
oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently
to keep the coverage up to date, and easily available on a single library shelf
or by a single personal subscription.
We have approached the problem in the following fashion: first, by
dividing the oncology literature into specific subdivisions such as lung
cancer, genitourinary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc.; and second, by asking
eminent authorities in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific
topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered
in a volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current di
agnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology,
and more.
In Cancer Treatment and Research, we have an outstanding group of
editors, each having made a major commitment to bring to this new series
the very best literature in his or her field. Kluwer Academic Publishers has
made an equally major commitment to the rapid publication of high-quality
books and to worldwide distribution.
Where can you go to find quickly a recent authoritative article on any
major oncology problem? We hope that Cancer Treatment and Research
provides an answer.
William L. McGuire
Series Editor
Preface
In Requlatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer, our second volume in the
Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology Series, we tried to continue the
themes begun in the first volume: oncogenes and antioncogenes, growth
factors, steroids, and stromal-epithelial interactions. The past year has seen
such advancements in all of these areas that we has no trouble in putting
together the current volume along the same thematic lines. We hope the
response to this third volume is as excellent as the response to the first two.
We are particularly excited about the possibility that the new molecular
understanding of regulation of growth, differentiation, and metastases will
lead to better tumor prognosis and treatment. For this reason we have
chosen to lead off the book with two excellent chapters in this area.
The first section is devoted to a better understanding of the biology of
node-negative breast cancer and of the biology of the metastatic transition.
The first chapter, by Elledge and McGuire, summarizes the rapidly emerg
ing data on the field of prognostic factors in node-negative breast cancer.
This chapter sets forth the realistic hope that soon physicians will be able
to utilize molecular markers in clinical decisions concerning the mode of
patient therapy.
The second chapter, by Stetler-Stevenson and coworkers, presents very
new data on the structure and role of type IV collagenases in breast cancer.
These are critical enzymes whose role must be understood if we are to make
an impact on preventing and treating metastases.
The second section is on suppressor genes and negative growth factors in
breast cancer. The first chapter of this section, by Steeg, presents an over
view of this important area. This chapter also highlights the function of
nm23 , a new suppressor that may function at the level of metastases. The
second chapter, by Fung and T' Ang, focuses on the retinoblastoma gene;
this support gene appears to be lost during breast tumor progression. The
third chapter, by Grosse and coworkers, highlights a new inhibiting growth
factor made by the breast - MDGl. The final chapter of the section, by
Wakefield and coworkers, deals with the well-known inhibitory factor
TGFf3. This factor is emerging as central to the regulation of normal breast
and the transition from normal to malignant.