Generalized Bone Diseases: Osteoporosis Osteomalacia Ostitis fibrosa

398 Pages·1987·10.655 MB·English

by  F. Kuhlencordt (auth.), Prof.Dr.med. Friedrich Kuhlencordt, Dr.rer.nat. Peter Dietsch, Prof.Dr.rer.nat.Dr.med. Elmar Keck, Prof.Dr.med. Hans-Peter Kruse (eds.)

R Kuhlencordt
P. Dietsch E. Keck H.-P. Kruse (Eds.)
Generalized
Bone Diseases
Osteoporosis Osteomalacia
Ostitis fibrosa
With 116 Figures and 3S Tables
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Prof. Dr. med. Friedrich Kuhlencordt
(ehem. Direktorder Abteilung)
Abt. Klinische Osteologie der U niversitat Hamburg
MartinistraBe 52, 2000 Hamburg 20, FRG
Dr. rer. nat. Peter Dietsch
Institut rur Molekularbiologie und Biochemie
der Freien Universitiit Berlin
Arnimallee 22, ~1000 Berlin 33, FRG
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Dr. med. Elmar Keck
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik C
der Universitiit Dusseldorf
MoorenstraBe 5, 4000 Dusseldorf 1, FRG
Prof. Dr. med. Hans-Peter Kruse
Abt. Klinische Osteologie der Universitiit Hamburg
MartinistraBe 52, 2000 Hamburg 20, FRG
Proceedings ofthe 2nd Annual Conference
of the German Society for Osteology, BerlinlFRG, September 24-27, 1986
ISBN -13: 978-3-540-18789-9 e-ISBN -13: 978-3-642-73346-8
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-73346-8
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Preface
The second volume of "Osteologia" - the proceedings of the annual meetings
of the German Society for Osteology - differs from the first one in two
ways.
In contrast to the preceding one this issue is written in English. There
had been good reasons for this decision but there had been equally good
arguments against it by some board members. We therefore consider this to
be a trial. Being aware of the difficulties to prepare a book not in one's
mother tongue the editors only made minor corrections of the authors' con
tributions.
Having published with the first proceedings an overview of the various
fields of research on osteology in our country, the conference of the
German Society for Osteology now deals with special subjects and so will
this conference report. The main heading of this book being "Generalized
bone diseases".
One chapter will deal with new developments in the field of osteology and
another presents unusual cases presented at the meeting.
Our hopes are that the efforts of the German Society for Osteology, the
local organizers and the editors will find some acknowledgement.
Our thanks are due to the authors for their contributions as well as to
the publishing house.
Friedrich Kuhlencordt
Peter Dietsch
Elmar Keck
Hans-Peter Kruse
Opening Address
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I should like to welcome you sincerely for the second conference of the
German Society for Osteology in Berlin. My wishes are that this conferen
ce will be remembered for its scientific program, its social events as
well as for the personal encounters of the participants.
To our minds Berlin seemed an appropriate meeting place, since this city
is again in the centre of interest as it prepares itself for the celebra
tion of its 750th anniversary next year. The discussions concerning Berlin
consider many different aspects, and I should like to point out just one
of them: the Prussian University and the reputation of the Germans.
Let me quote Thomas Nipperdey, who teaches modern history at the Universi
ty of Munich:
"The Prussian University is one of the Prussians few achievements of uni
versal consequences and its position is uncontested. It has become the pro
totype of the modern university, from Baltimore via Tokyo to Jerusalem. In
the 19th and early 20th century the Germans' reputation was based on their
music as well as on their universities and the sciences they sustained."
This reputation suffered greatly by the second world war and reached its
lowest point in post-war times. It should be of major interest to witness
how the former capital of Germany, which is now divided by wall and barbed
wire, will acknowledge its recent history.
It seems natural to mention in my opening speech former osteologic works
that remind us of famous "Osteologists" in our history. We would certainly
ha ve entreated them to join the German Society for Osteology, if they had
still been alive. I am conscious that the following names and works I men
tion are merely a subjective choice.
VIII Opening Address
We are indepted to Goethe, who always wanted his scientific and his poetic
accomplishments to receive equal recognition, for his discovery of the
human intermaxillary bone. On the 27th March 1784 he wrote a letter to
J.G. Herder, wo also read medicine, that contained the famous and frequent
ly quoted sentence:
"I have found - neither gold nor silver, but something that gives me great
pleasure - the os intermaxillare of man". Goethe was so enthusiastic be
cause he was confirmed in his conception of nature, which was not in ac
cordance with the view competent persons of his time advocated:
"Man is after all a special creation and can be distinguished from animals
as in the architecture of his scull the intermaxillary bone is missing,
while all other mammals, even anthropoids, posses the os intermaxillare."
(Brednow 1965).
Two years later, in 1786, the "History and Description of Bones of the Hu
man Body" by J.F. Blumenbach was published, a book still in demand in se
cond-hand bookshops. Blumenbach was a well-known scientist and comparative
anatomist in G6ttingen. He is considered the founder of modern zoology and
anthropology. These subjects later became the preferential working domain
of Rudolf Virchow, who, 130 years ago was appointed to a professorial
chair for pathological anatomy in Berlin, where he eventually attained
world-wide reputation.
Blumenbach's collection of sculls was the basis of his differentiation of
racial sculls. The "Collectio craniorum diversarum gentium" is his famous
work in seven volumes, which was published between 1790 and 1828. I don't
want to withhold from you two passages taken from the preface of this
"History and Descrition of Bones of the Human Body".
1. "Among the parts of the art of analysis is osteology the basis of
all others, since it is the main function of bones to serve as a
support and place of attachment for soft tissues, and equally, to
constitute the firm basis of bodily structure."
2. "On the whole, shallow knowledge remains a wretched thing, but osteo
logy pursued superficially in particular such a tiring, dull and un
availing thing that it is hardly worth while memorizing the selfsame."
If these words, written 200 years ago, claim a more substancial science,
let me also quote a modern acknowledgement by the famous scholar of li
terature Benno von Wiese:
Opening Address IX
"Science without critical thinking ceases to be science. Answers given by
single sciences must be controlled frequently. Each method has to prove
its usefulness, and without this never ending consent scientific work
should become torpid and fruitless. Mentual criticism is the animating
element in which alone science can develop."
Fortunately, just before the beginning of this conference, de Gruyter's
publishing house was able to deliver the proceedings of the first meeting,
which took place 10 months ago, in November 1985 in Timmendorf, a village
at the Baltic Sea. It includes a variety of lectures given by different
specialists and demonstrates the comprehensive character as well as the
high standard of our topical osteology.
I would particularly like to thank Dr. Dietsch, who took upon himself the
local organization of the meeting, a troublesome task that naturally does
not permit all wishes to be realized. Also I should like to express my
gratitude to Professor Korber, who placed at our disposal the Institute of
Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at the Free University of Berlin, which
grants us a dignified frame for our conference.
Herewith declare the second meeting of the German Society for Osteology
opened.
Friedrich Kuhlencordt
References
Beutler, E. (1948-1960): Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Gedenkausgabe der Wer
ke, Briefe und Gesprache, Vol. 18, p. 761. Artemis, Zurich.
Blumenbach, J.F. (1786): Geschichte und Beschreibung der Knochen des
mensch lichen Korpers. Gottingen.
Brednow, W. (1965): Tier und Mensch in Goethes Naturwissenschaft. Sitzungs
bericht der Sachsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig. Mathe
matisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Vol. 106, 6, 15.
Nipperdey, Th. (1981): Der preul3ische Militar- und Verwaltungsstaat und
die moderne Universitat. In: Bilder und Zeiten, FAZ Nr. 270.
Nipperdey, Th. (1986): Nachdenken uber die deutsche Geschichte. C.H. Beck,
MGnchen.
Virchow, R. (1861): Goethe als Naturforscher. Berlin
Wiese, B. von (1982): Ich erzahle mein Leben. Erinnerungen. Insel, Frank
furt.
German Society for Osteology inc.
Board Members 1986:
F. Kuhlencordt, Hamburg - President
F.H. W. Heuck, Stuttgart - Vice-President
R. Burckhardt, Munchen
P. Dietsch, Berlin
E. Keck, Dusseldorf
H.-P. Kruse, Hamburg
H. v. Lilienfeld-Toal, Bad Nauheim
K.J. Munzenberg, Bonn
A. Roessner, Munster
E. Werner, Frankfurt
G. Wilhelm, Frankfurt
Conference Secretary 1986: P. Dietsch, Berlin
Contents
I. OSTEOPOROSIS
Clinical Aspects of Osteoporosis
F. Kuhlencordt ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••.••••.••••••••••••.•••• 3
Radiological Detection of Osteoporosis
F.H.W. Heuck •••.•.•••••••••••••••.•••.••••••.••••••.•.•••••••••••••••• 21
Remarks on the Diagnosis of Osteoporosis employing Iliac Crest
Biopsies. Quantitative-morphometric Studies with the Aid of an
Automatic Image Analysis System
F. Henschke, H.-J. Pesch •••••••.•••.••..••••••..•••...••••••.••••••••••• 37
Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis - Light- and Electronmicroscopic
Findings in the Iliac Crest
H. StOl3, B.F. Pontz, A. Karbowski, H.-J. Pesch ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45
Clinical Aspects of Measurements of Dual Photon Absorption in
Healthy Persons and Patients suffering from Bone Mass Reduction
J. Semler .•••••.••••••••••••••••••.•.•••.•..••••••.••••••••••••..•••••• 51
Magnetic Resonance Iamging of Bone Marrow: Effect of Osteoporosis
and Age on Signal Intensity
K. Lehner, N. Rupp, M. Schweigart, H. Zacher, A. Heuck, H.J. Heller....... 57
Investigations on Age-dependent Bone Loss and on Bone Loss in
Morbus Cushing - A Comparison
K.J. Munzenberg, H. Mel3ler, W. Ruther, E. Pilz, M. Gebhard • • ••.•••••••• 63
Combined Use of Vitamin D3, Vitamin D3 Metabolites and Vitamin C
in Bone Metabolism
H. Weiser, M. Schlachter •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 71
XII Contents
Is the Castrated Female Rat a Model of Osteoporosis?
A. Enderle, U. Bosse, S. Nolte.......................................... 77
Inhibition of Protein Synthesis and Amino Acid Transport by
Dihydrotestosterone and 1713-Estradiol in Chick Osteoblasts
H. Franck, F. van Valen, E. Keck, H.L. Kruskemper .••••••••.•.•.•••••••• 87
II. OSTEOMALACIA
Clinical and Pathophysiological Aspects of Osteomalacia
H.-P. Kruse •••.•.••••••••••••••••.••••••.•••••••••.•••••••••••.••••••• 95
Dialysis-Osteomalacia and Renal Osteodystrophy:
Pathogenesis, Diagnostic and Clinical Problems
H. V. Henning •••••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..•••.••••••••• 117
Relation between Internal Calcium Turnover, Serum Calcium
Concentration and Mineralization of Bone: A Comparative Discussion
G. Wilhelm, T. Floren, C. Romer, E. Werner ••••.•••••••••••••.••••.••••• 147
Assessment of Stable Isotopes of Calcium for the Measurement
of Intestinal Calcium Absorption
T. Floren, E. Werner ••••••.•.••.•..••..•••.•.•.••..•.•.•..•••.•••••••• 155
Osteomalacia in Turkish Immigrants
J. Semler, G. Delling ••.•••••••.••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 163
Synergistic Effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and 1,24,25(OH)3D3
in Rachitic Chicken and Rats
W.A. Rambeck, H. Weiser, W. Meier, H. Zucker •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 169
Intestinal Absorption of Aluminium in Rats: Kinetics, Influence
of the Uremic State and Simultaneous Administration of Fluoride
T.H. Ittel, H.-G. Sieberth, T. Eikmann, B. Buddington,
N.L. Miller, A.C. Alfrey •••..••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• 175
Concentration Profiles of Zinc and Lead Along the Epiphyseal
Growth Plate of Normal and Rachitic Piglets as Related to
Activities of Esterases
P. Quint, J. Althoff, I. Harmeyer, K.-D. Richter, H.J. Hohling •••••••••••.• 181