General, Organic, and Biochemistry: An Applied Approach

832 Pages·2011·8.04 MB·English

by  James Armstrong

1A Atomic number Periodic Table of the Elements
1 Symbol
(Atomic weights are given to four significant figures
1 H Atomic weight and are based on the 2007 IUPAC guidelines.)
1.008 2A
3 4
2 Li Be
6.941 9.012
11 12
3 Na Mg 8B
22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 [98] 101.1 102.9
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir
132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
[223] [226] [227] [265] [268] [266] [267] [269] [276]
58 59 60 61 62
Lanthanides Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm
140.1 140.9 144.2 [145] 150.4
90 91 92 93 94
Actinides Th Pa U Np Pu
metals
232.0 231.0 238.0 [237] [244]
metalloids
nonmetals
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7A 8A
1 2
H He
3A 4A 5A 6A 1.008 4.003
5 6 7 8 9 10
B C N O F Ne
10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
13 14 15 16 17 18
Al Si P S Cl Ar
1B 2B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.64 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 [209] [210] [222]
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Ds Rg Cn
[281] [280] [285] [283] [289] [288] [293] [294] [294]
63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
[243] [247] [247] [251] [252] [257] [258] [259] [262]
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General, Organic,
and Biochemistry:
An Applied Approach
James Armstrong
City College of San Francisco
Contributions by
Kellee Hollyman, RN, BSN, MN-Nurse Educator
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
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General, Organic, and Biochemistry: © 2012, Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning
An Applied Approach
James Armstrong ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
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Dedication
To my wife Debbie, for keeping me sane, for being the partner of my dreams, and
for making sure that I take time to walk among the flowers and the redwoods.
To my children Becky and Casey, for reminding me every day how miraculous the
world is, for being the most wonderful daughters any father could have, and for
making sure that I take the time to make music and play Yahtzee.
To my parents, for a lifetime of love and support.
iii
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Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
The Author, Jim Armstrong
Jim Armstrong grew up on the East coast and
attended Harvard University as an undergradu-
ate student, then moved to the West coast for
graduate school. Since earning his Master’s de-
gree at the University of California at Berkeley,
Jim has taught in the California community
college system. He has been on the faculty of
City College of San Francisco for the past
20 years, during which time he has taught the
full range of lower-division chemistry courses,
with particular emphasis on the single-term
GOB course. Ten years ago, he collaborated
with the CCSF biology and nursing depart-
ments on an extensive revision of the GOB
curriculum, and the success of the course revi-
sion led to the writing of this textbook. Besides
teaching and writing, Jim enjoys playing piano
and trombone, collecting topographic maps,
hiking, birdwatching, and doting on his won-
derful twin daughters.
Contributor and Expert Reviewer, Kellee Hollyman
Kellee Hollyman enjoys residing with her family in the Pacific Northwest of the
United States. As a nursing professor, she teaches students at all levels and in varying
collegiate nursing programs from Associate’s Degree to Alternative Entry Master’s
degree. As a Registered Nurse, she is a dedicated healthcare provider who has prac-
ticed in many areas: intensive care, cardiac intensive care, medical-surgical, and
clinic management.
She received her Bachelor’s degree in Nursing and Master’s degree in Nursing Edu-
cation from Washington State University and her RN degree from Clark College.
While a graduate student, she received the 2008 Student Activist Award, given in
recognition of outstanding, forward-looking achievement in nursing care, health pro-
motion, and leadership. She also received the 2008 Washington State University, Van-
couver—Excellence in Leadership Award, given in recognition of quality leadership.
Her interest in chemistry heightened in 2005 and continued, as her master project
was “Developing an Online Chemistry Course and Laboratory for the Health Sci-
ence Student: Using Collaboration between Disciplines and Best Online Practices.”
iv |
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.