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GENERAL LINGUISTICS AND THE TEACHING OF DEAD HAMITO-SEMITIC LANGUAGES STUDIES IN SEMITIC LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS EDITED BY G. F. PIJPER Emeritus Professor in Arabic Language and Literature in the University of Amsterdam IX J. H. HOSPERS (ED.) GENERAL LINGUISTICS AND THE TEACHING OF DEAD HAMITO-SEMITIC LANGUAGES LEIDEN E. J. BRILL 1978 GENERAL LINGUISTICS AND THE TEACHING OF DEAD HAMITO-SEMITIC LANGUAGES Proceedings of the Symposium held in Groningen, 7th-8th November, 1975 on the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the Institute of Semitic Studies and Near Eastern Archaeology of the State University at Groningen EDITED BY J. H. HOSPERS LEIDEN E. J. BRILL 1978 ISBN 90 04 05806 0 Copyright 1978 by E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or translated in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, microfiche or any other means without written permission from the publisher PRINTED IN BELGIUM Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. Dr. F. M. Th. de Liagre Bohl (f 16-11-1976) and Prof. Dr. K. K. Riemschneider (t 5-6-1976) CONTENTS Preface............................................................................... ix Program of the Symposium.......................................... xi Participants in the Symposium.................................... xm List of Abbreviations....................................................... xiv Applied Linguistics and the Teaching of the Dead Languages 1 J. H. Hospers Der Unterricht des Akkadischen fur Studenten der vorderasia- tischen Archaologie................................................................................23 K. K. Riemschneider The Teaching of Classical Hebrew : Options and Priorities . 37 J. F. A. Sawyer Didaktische Probleme des akademischen Unterrichts im klassi- schen Arabisch......................................................................................51 S. Wild Experiments in Applying Language Laboratory Techniques to Teaching Classical Hebrew....................................................................68 A. D. Crown History of Civilization and the Teaching of Dead Languages 86 H. J. W. Drijvers The Role of Diachronies in the Teaching of Old Testament Hebrew.........................................................................................................93 J. H. Hospers Epilogue................................................................................................108 PREFACE On November 6th-8th, 1975, a symposium was held at the Univer­ sity of Groningen (Netherlands) on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Institute of Semitic Studies and Archaeology of the Near East of that University. The theme was “Applied Linguistics and the Teaching of Dead Hamito-Semitic Languages” and in this book are presented the proceedings of that symposium—the first international symposium of its kind—consisting of the four papers delivered, together with the taped formal discussions held at the end of each session. In addition three other papers—not read at the symposium— are inserted in this volume, two written by staff members of the Institute, Prof. Dr. H. J. W. Drijvers and Prof. Dr. J. H. Hospers, and one by Dr. A. D. Crown (University of Sydney). The symposium was organized by the staff of the above-mentioned Institute of Semitic Studies together with the Staff of the Institute for Egyptology of the State University at Groningen. Both Institutes not only shared the same interests in the theme of the symposium but also are housed in the same building, where they live together in great cordiality. The symposium was held in the Main Building of the State Univer­ sity at Groningen, where the papers were presented in the order in which they are printed in this volume. The relations between Applied Linguistics and the Teaching of “dead” languages (in any case : languages which are no longer spoken by anybody as mother tongue and known to us only through written records) were considered by the organizing committee to be a most appropriate theme for the symposium, for reasons expounded in the first paper. A vast literature has grown up on Applied or General Linguistics and the teaching of foreign languages, but all this literature is mainly concerned with modem “living” languages as is evident from a recent bibliography like that of F. J. Hausmann, Linguistik und Fremdsprachenunterricht 1964-1975, Tubingen, 1975. And even in the case of less commonly taught languages not normally available in the school programme, it is mostly the modern colloquial forms of those languages that one has in mind (cf. e.g.: G. E. Perren (ed.), Less commonly taught languages: resources and problems, London 1975). X PREFACE One of the lecturers at the symposium is no longer among the living : on 5-6-1976 Prof. Dr. K. K. Riemschneider died in an accident at the age of 42 years. We all feel deeply the great loss for Assyrio- logy caused by the untimely death of a splendid scholar who during the days of the symposium also proved to be a very amiable person. And on 16-11-1976 Prof. Dr. F. M. Th. de Liagre Bohl died, who founded our Institute in 1925. Though one cannot speak here of an “untimely death”—Prof. De Liagre Bohl lived to the age of 94 years (cf. the “In memoriam” by Prof. Dr. W. H. Ph. Romer in BiOr 33, 3/4, 1976)—we regret that he will not see these proceedings of a symposium which he could not attend but in which he still showed a lively interest. It is to the memory of both assyriologists that we dedicate this book. Finally I would like to thank all who helped to make the symposium a success including not only the authorities of the State University at Groningen, all the members of the staffs of both Institutes and the chairmen during the sessions but also all the participants. And as editor of this volume I especially wish to thank my colleague Mr. G. J. H. van Gelder for his invaluable help in the editing of the “discussions” and his wife Mrs. S. van Gelder-Ottway for the translation into English of some parts of this book and the correction of other parts that were already written in English. Groningen, Summer 1977 J. H. Hospers

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