Gene Regulation by Steroid Hormones II

344 Pages·1983·9.738 MB·English

by  Bert W. O’Malley, Anthony R. Means (auth.), Arun K. Roy, James H. Clark (eds.)

Gene Regulation by
Steroid Hormones II
Edited by
A.K. Roy and J.H. Clark
With 149 Figures
Springer-Verlag
New York Heidelberg Berlin
ARUN K. Roy
Professor of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063,
USA
JAMES H. CLARK
Professor of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
Cover Picture: Electronmicrograph of a hybrid molecule between ovalbumin gene
and ovalbumin mRNA. The intervening sequences are shown as loops. Courtesy of
Dr. Eugene Lai, Baylor College of Medicine.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Gene regulation by steroid hormones II.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Steroid hormones-Physiological effect-Congresses. 2. Genetic regula
tion-Congresses. 3. Gene expression-Congresses. I. Roy, A.K. (Arun K.)
II. Clark, James H. [DNLM: 1. Gene expression regulation-Congresses. 2.
Steroids-Physiology-Congresses. WK 150 G3261]
QP572.S7G46 1983 59l.l9'27 82-19250
© 1983 by Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1983
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ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-5484-3 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-5482-9
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5482-9
Foreword
Receptors and Gene Expression
It is now more than three years since the last Meadow Brook Conference on
Hormones, and a great deal has happened in the meantime. We have become
comfortable with the totally unanticipated fact that the coding sequences of
genes are in discontinuous arrangements and that the RNA transcribed from
them must be extensively processed to form messenger RNA. We have also
learned about the strategy of "mixing and matching" of genetic segments so
that a small amount of DNA can go a long way in producing a huge variety of
different proteins, as in the immunoglobulin system. The explosive effort
directed toward DNA sequence analysis has led us to the conclusion that
there are signals within the DNA that specify sites of transcription initiation
and possibly sites for interacting with regulatory molecules such as hor
mones and their receptors. The current intense interest in the structure of
chromatin beyond the nucleosome-that is, the superstructural characteris
tics of the genetic material-is finally yielding meaningful results that give
promise for understanding the regulation of gene activity.
ROBERT F. GOLDBERGER
Preface
Research on the molecular mechanism of steroid hormone action continues
at an extraordinary pace and a great deal of progress has been made. Steroid
hormones have been localized on target genes providing the long awaited
evidence for the concept of a direct effect of the steroid-receptor complex on
gene regulation. Purified steroid receptors have been dissected to identify
different functional domains. Monoclonal antibodies directed against differ
ent antigenic determinants of steroid receptors have also provided precise
tools for the exploration of the molecular biology of receptor action. Parallel
investigation on the structure of the target genes, especially the non-coding
segments seems to be leading to a tantalizing model reminiscent of proka
ryotic operon. As always, these important developments are overshadowed
by a long list of both previously unresolved and new questions. Comprehen
sive explanation of the molecular mechanism of steroid hormone action
needs to take into consideration the multiplicity of specific steroid binding
proteins, the role of cellular architecture such as nuclear matrix and cyto
skeleton and the interacting influence of the non-steroidal hormones in the
steroidal regulation of gene expression. The Second Mcadow Brook Confer
ence was organized to bring together leading researchers with a view to
providing a critical appraisal of the past achievements and a sense for the
future direction of this important area of regulatory biology.
The conference was made possible through generous financial supports
from Oakland University, Merck & Company, G.D. Searle & Company,
E.R. Squibb & Sons and Upjohn Company. Particular thanks are expressed
to other members of the program committee-John D. Baxter, Donald S.
Coffey and Shutsung Liao. Finally, we must add that excellent cooperation
from the authors and the editorial staff of Springer-Verlag, especially Dr.
Philip Manor, has made the job of editing this volume a delightful experi
ence.
Spring 1983 ARUN K. Roy
JAMES H. CLARK
Table of Contents
1. Gene Structure and Evolution
B.W. O'MALLEY, A.R. MEANS, and J.P. STEIN
2. Effects of Steroid Hormones on Chicken Oviduct Chromatin
J.N. ANDERSON, J.N. VANDERBILT, K.S. BLOOM, and B.J.
GERMAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3. Estrogen Receptor Regulation of Vitellogenin Gene Transcription
and Chromatin Structure
D.J. SHAPIRO, M.L. BROCK, and M.A. HAYWARD. . . . . 61
4. Ecdysterone, Ecdysterone Receptor, and Chromosome Puffs
B. DWORNICZAK, S. KOBUS, K. SCHALTMANN-EITEUORGE, and
o. PONGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 79
5. Ecdysteroid Effects on the Cell Cycle of Drosophila melanogaster
Cells
J.D. O'CONNOR and B. STEVENS. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93
6. Structure and Function of Growth Hormone-A Target for Gluco
corticoid Action
J.L. KOSTYO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7. Mechanism of Extinction of Growth Hormone and Prolactin
Genes in Somatic Cell Hybrids
E.B. THOMPSON, and J.S. STROBL. . . . . . . . . . . .. 105
8. Studies of the Mechanism of Glucocorticoid Hormone Action
N.C. LAN, T.D. NGUYEN, G. CATHALA, S.K. NORDEEN, M.E.
WOLFF, P.A. KOLLMAN, S. MELLON, T. NGUYEN, M. KARIN,
N. EBERHARDT, and J.D. BAXTER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
9. Corticosteroid Binder IB, A Potential Second Glucocorticoid
Receptor
G. LITWACK, M. MAYER, V. OHL, and B. SEKULA . . . . . . 135
VIII Table of Contents
to. Functional Analysis of the Glucocorticoid Receptor by Limited
Proteolysis
J. CARLSTEDT-DuKE, O. WRANGE, S. OKRET, J. STEVENS, Y.-W.
STEVENS, and J.-A. GUSTAFSSON ............. . 151
11. Identification of the DNA-Binding Domain of the Chicken Proges
terone Receptor A Subunit
P.P. MINGHETTI, N.L. WEIGEL, W.T. SCHRADER, and B.W.
O'MALLEY ......... . 181
12. Immunochemical Studies of Estrogen Receptor
G.L. GREENE .............. . 191
13. A Comparison of Central and Peripheral Estrogen Targets
E.J. PECK, JR. and K.L. KELNER . . . . . . . . . . . 201
14. Biological Role of Type II Estrogen-Binding Sites and Steroid
Hormone Action
B.M. MARKAVERICH and J.H. CLARK. . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
15. Hormone Receptors and the Nuclear Matrix
E.R. BARRACK and D.S. COFFEY . . . . . 231
16. Alpha-Protein: A Marker for Androgen Action in the Rat Ventral
Prostate
S.M. JUDGE, A.G. SALTZMAN, and S. LIAO. . . . . . . . . . 267
17. How Changes in Cytosol and Nuclear Androgen Receptors Relate
to the Testosterone Responses: Studies with New Exchange
Assays
O.A. JANNE, V.V. ISOMAA, A.E.!. PAJUNEN, W.W. WRIGHT, and
C.W. BARDIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
18. Modulation of Androgen Action in Rat Liver by Thyroid and Pep
tide Hormones
A.K. Roy, B. CHATTERJEE, N.M. MOTWANI, W.F. DEMYAN,
and T.S. NATH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
19. A New Class of 5a-Reductase Inhibitors
G.H. RASMUSSON, T. LIANG, and J.R. BROOKS 311
20. Comments on Steroid Hormone Action
MODERATOR: A.K. Roy. 335
Index .......... . 343
List of Contributors
J.N. ANDERSON; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University,
West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
C.W. BARDIN, The Population Council, The Rockefeller University, 1230
York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
E.R. BARRACK, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Depart
ment of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Department
of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J.D. BAXTER, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic
Research Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
K.S. BLOOM, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West
Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
M.L. BROCK, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 1209 W.
California, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
J.R. BROOKS, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, P.O. Box
2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
J. CARLSTEDT-DuKE, Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Insti
tute, Huddinge University Hospital F69, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
G. CATHALA, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic
Research Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
B. CHATTERJEE, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester,
MI 48063, USA
x
List of Contributors
J.H. CLARK, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
D.S. COFFEY, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department
of Urology, The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Department of
Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
W.F. DEMYAN, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI 48063, USA
B. DWORNICZAK, Ruhr-Universitat, Department of Biochemistry, 463 Bo
chum, Postfach 2148, West Germany
N. EBERHARDT, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic
Research Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
B.J. GERMAIN, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West
Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
R.F. GOLDBERGER, Office ofthe Provost and Vice-President, Columbia Uni
versity, New York, NY 10027, USA
G. L. GREENE, The University of Chicago, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer
Research, 950 E 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
J.-A. GUSTAFSSON, Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute,
Huddinge University Hospital F69, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
M.A. HAYWARD, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 1209
W. California, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
V.V. ISOMAA, The Population Council, The Rockefeller University, 1230
York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
O.A. JANNE, The Population Council, The Rockefeller University, 1230
York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
S.M. JUDGE, The University of Chicago, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer
Research, 950 E. 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
M. KARIN, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of
Southern California, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033,
USA
K.L. KELNER, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
S. KOBUS, Ruhr-Universitat, Department of Biochemistry, 463 Bochum,
Postfach 2148, West Germany
P.A. KOLLMAN, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of
California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
List of Contributors XI
J.L. KOSTYO, Department of Physiology, University of Michigan Medical
School, 1335 E. Catherine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
N.C. LAN, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic Re
search Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
T. LIANG, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000,
Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
S. LIAO, The University of Chicago, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Re
search, 950 E. 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
G. LITWACK, Fels Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry,
Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
B.M. MARKAVERICH, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medi
cine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
M. MAYER, Fels Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Tem
ple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
A.R. MEANS, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
S. MELLON, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic Re
search Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
P.P. MINGHETTI, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
N.M. MOTWANI, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI 48063, USA
T.S. NATH, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Roch
ester, MI 48063, USA
T. NGUYEN, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic Re
search Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
T.D. NGUYEN, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic
Research Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
S.K. NORDEEN, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Metabolic
Research Unit and The Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and
Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,
San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
XII List of Contributors
J.D. O'CONNOR, Department of Biology, University of California, Los
Angeles, CA 90024, USA
V. OHL, Fels Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Temple
University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
S. OKRET, Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge
University, Hospital F69, S-141 86 Hiddinge, Sweden
B.W. O'MALLEY, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
A.E.I. PAJUNEN, The Population Council, The Rockefeller University, 1230
York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
E.J. PECK, JR., Department of Biochemistry, University of Arkansas Medi
cal School, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
O. PONGS, Ruhr-Universitat, Department of Biochemistry, 463 Bochum,
Postfach 2148, West Germany
G.H. RASMUSSON, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, P.O.
Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
A.K. RoY, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Roches
ter, MI 48063, USA
A.G. SALTZMAN, University of Chicago, Ben May Laboratory for Cancer
Research, 950 E. 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
K. SCHALTMANN-EITELJORGE, Ruhr-Universitat, Department of Biochem
istry, 463 Bochum, Postfach 2148, West Germany
W.T. SCHRADER, Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
B. SEKULA, Fels Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Tem
ple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
D.J. SHAPIRO, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 1209 W.
California, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
J.P. STEIN, Department of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical
School, Houston, TX 77025, USA
B. STEVENS, Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles,
CA 90024, USA
J. STEVENS, American Cancer Society, 777 Third Avenue, New York, NY
10017, USA
Y.-W. STEVENS, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
10021, USA
J.S. STROBL, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20205, USA