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184 Pages·2015·1.15 MB·English
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GENDERED FIELDS IN WOMEN'S LEISURE TIME EXPERIENCES: THE CASE OF 'GÜN' MEETINGS IN ANKARA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY EBRU KARAYĠĞĠT IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY MAY 2015 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Meliha AltunıĢık Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. AyĢe Saktanber Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Ceylan Tokluoğlu Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Yıldız Ecevit (METU,SOC) Prof. Dr. Ceylan Tokluoğlu (METU,SOC) Assist. Prof. Canan Aslan-Akman (METU,ADM) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Ebru Karayiğit Signature : iii ABSTRACT GENDERED FIELDS IN WOMEN'S LEISURE TIME EXPERIENCES: THE CASE OF 'GÜN' MEETINGS IN ANKARA Karayiğit, Ebru M. S., Department of Sociology Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ceylan Tokluoğlu May 2015, 174 pages Gün is a particular form of female association which is mainly practiced by urban middle-class women in Turkey as a form of leisure time activity where women groups periodically meet with each other. It is also a form of 'social field' where women are positioned through their gendered existences. This thesis attempts to analyze the gendered fields in women's leisure time experiences based on an ethnographic study of two gün meetings in Ankara, namely Karadenizliler and Komşular meetings. In light of gender studies and sociology of leisure, it is argued that gün meetings create gendered fields where social control over women leads them to adopt normative feminine leisure-time activities. The dynamics in the gün meetings together with the participants' everyday life experiences reveal how gün gatherings are thoroughly gendered and how these meetings reproduce patriarchal norms despite some positive outcomes experienced by the participants. Keywords: Women‟s studies, leisure, everyday life, gendered field, gün meeting. iv ÖZ KADINLARIN BOġ ZAMAN DENEYĠMLERĠNDE CĠNSĠYETLENMĠġ ALANLAR: ANKARA‟DAKĠ „GÜN‟ BULUġMALARI ÖRNEĞĠ Karayiğit, Ebru Yüksek Lisans, Sosyoloji Bölümü Tez Yöneticisi: Prof. Dr. Ceylan Tokluoğlu Mayıs 2015, 174 sayfa Gün, kadın gruplarının düzenli aralıklarla buluĢtuğu bir boĢ zaman etkinliği biçimi olarak, Türkiye‟de çoğunlukla kentli orta sınıf kadınlar tarafından deneyimlenen özel bir tür kadın birlikteliğidir. O aynı zamanda kadınların cinsiyetlenmiĢ varoluĢlarına göre konumlandığı bir tür sosyal alandır. Bu tez, Ankara‟daki iki gün grubu olan Karadenizliler ve Komşular buluĢmalarının etnografik çalıĢmasına dayanarak kadınların boĢ zaman deneyimlerindeki cinsiyetlenmiĢ alanları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyet çalıĢmaları ve boĢ zaman sosyolojisi ıĢığında gün buluĢmalarının, kadınlar üzerindeki toplumsal kontrolün onları normatif diĢil bir boĢ zaman etkinliğine yönlendirdiği cinsiyetlenmiĢ alanlar yarattığı savunulmaktadır. Katılımcıların günlük yaĢam deneyimleri ile gündeki dinamikler, gün toplantılarının nasıl bütünüyle cinsiyetlendiğini ve katılımcılar tarafından deneyimlenen bazı olumlu sonuçlara rağmen buluĢmaların ataerkil normları nasıl ürettiğini ortaya koyar. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kadın çalıĢmaları, boĢ zaman, günlük yaĢam, cinsiyetlenmiĢ alan, gün buluĢması. v To My Mother and Father vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Prof. Dr. Ceylan Tokluoğlu for her continuous guidance, advice, criticism, and encouragement during the production of this study. Without her, I would not have been able to finish this thesis process. I would also like to thank to the members of the thesis jury Prof. Dr. Yıldız Ecevit and Assist. Prof. Canan Aslan-Akman for their valuable suggestions and comments. I wish to thank my lecturer Prof. Dr. Tayfun Atay who introduced me ethnography and was effective in choosing of this topic. This study has started as a final paper of his lecture "Anthropological Theory and Method" in METU. I have very special thanks to Assist. Prof. Asuman Göksel and Assist. Prof. Özgür Dirim Özkan for their valuable support. I wish to thank the tutors of METU Academic Writing Center for their help during the process of editing. My single greatest debt to my mother Nihal Karayiğit and my father Mehmet Karayiğit for their sensitive and encouraging attitude during this thesis process. Without them, this experience would have been more stressful for me. This study is dedicated to their invaluable trust and belief in me during my life. As last, I own thanks to the participants of this study whom I cannot mention their names for their enthusiasm and sincerity when contributing to my research. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS PLAGIARISM.......................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. iv ÖZ .............................................................................................................................. v DEDICATION .......................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ viii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................ 13 2.1 Theorizing Gendered Fields ............................................................... 13 2.1.1 Gender and Feminist Theory ..................................................... 13 2.1.2 Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of Practice.......................................... 20 2.1.3 The Concept of Gendered Field ................................................. 25 2.2 Sociology of Leisure ………………………………………………... 31 2.2.1 The Main Approaches in Sociology of Leisure.......................... 31 2.2.2 Feminist Leisure Studies ............................................................ 42 3. GÜN IN TURKISH EXPERIENCE............................................................. 51 3.1 Turkish Women's Gendered Fields ..................................................... 51 3.1.1 Culturally Specific Experiences of Gender ................................ 51 3.1.2 Private/Public Distinction .......................................................... 55 3.2 Studies into Gün Meetings and Rotating Credit Associations ............ 62 3.2.1 Gün Experiences of Women from Past to Present ..................... 62 3.2.2 Economics of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) in Gün Meetings ............................................................... 71 3.3 Reflections of Gender Segregation on Women's Leisure Practices..... 78 4. THE CASE OF TWO GÜN MEETINGS IN ANKARA: "KARADENİZLİLER" AND "KOMŞULAR"................................................ 89 viii 4.1 General Profile of the Participants ...................................................... 90 4.1.1 Indirect Participants: Does Economy Always Matter? .............. 98 4.2 Characteristics of the Two Gün Meetings ......................................... 100 4.2.1 Karadenizliler Gün Meeting: Sharing a Common Past ........... 101 4.2.2 Komşular Gün Meeting: "Houses are larger, but guests are fewer" ...................................................................................... 106 4.2.3 Meanings of Inside and Outside Home .................................... 110 4.3 The 'Gendered Field' of Gün ............................................................. 116 4.3.1 Economy: a Gendered Field? .................................................. 122 4.3.2 Gendered Fields in Women's Everyday Life Experiences ....... 127 5. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 137 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 145 APPENDICES A. INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE DIRECT PARTICIPANTS ........ 157 B. INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE INDIRECT PARTICIPANTS .... 160 C. TURKISH SUMMARY ............................................................................. 163 D. TEZ FOTOKOPĠ ĠZĠN FORMU .............................................................. 174 ix LIST OF TABLES TABLES Table 1 The Categories of Gender Division.............................................................. 57 Table 2 General Characteristics of Participants......................................................... 91 Table 3 Migration History of Participants..................................................................96 Table 4 Usage of the 'Money of Gün'.......................................................................124 Table 5 Decision-maker at Home (for Married Participants) ..................................132 x

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based predominantly on their hemşehrilik, are emphasized by each and every Despite their close ties based on hemşehrilik, the members of the Ardener, S. and Burman, S. (1997) Money-Go-Rounds: The Importance of .. 2014, from http://www.iuc.hr/IucAdmin/Server/downloads/PollertPatry.pdf,.
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