Gender diversity in Indonesia: sexuality, Islam and queer selves PDF
Preview Gender diversity in Indonesia: sexuality, Islam and queer selves
Gender Diversity in Indonesia “Gender Diversity in Indonesia is a landmark work that combines careful ethnographic research with cutting-edge gender theory . . . a profound contribution to a range of disciplines, including anthropology, feminist theory, queer theory, and Southeast Asian Studies.” Professor Tom Boellstorff, University of California, Irvine, USA “. . . a wonderfully rich account that reveals the everyday lives of variously gendered individ- uals, as well as their subjectivities and integration into and tensions with the larger society, Islam and the nation-state. The material is original and without rival.” Associate Professor Evelyn Blackwood, Purdue University, USA “. . . an important contribution to sexuality/gender studies cross-culturally as well as more par- ticularly to Southeast Asian studies, filling a gap in the limited literature on gender in Indonesia.” Associate Professor Peter Jackson, Australian National University “. . . an original, critical contribution to both gender studies and Indonesian studies.” Professor Saskia Wieringa, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands “Indonesia’s linguistic, ethnic and religious diversity, of which Indonesians are always proud, is here given another dimension: gender. Gender Diversity in Indonesiais a joy to read.” Dr Dédé Oetomo, GAYa NUSANTARA Foundation, Indonesia Indonesia provides particularly interesting examples of gender diversity. Same-sex rela- tions, transvestism and cross-gender behaviour have long been noted among a wide range of Indonesian peoples. This book explores the nature of gender diversity in Indonesia, and with the world’s largest Muslim population, it examines Islam in this context. Based on extensive ethnographic research, it discusses in particular calalai– female-born individuals who iden- tify as neither woman nor man; calabai– male-born individuals who also identify as neither man nor woman; and bissu – an order of shamans who embody female and male elements. The book examines the lives and roles of these variously gendered subjectivities in everyday life, including in low-status and high-status rituals such as wedding ceremonies, fashion parades, cultural festivals, Islamic recitations and shamanistic rituals. The book analyses the place of such subjectives in relation to theories of gender, gender diversity and sexuality. Sharyn Graham Davies is Associate Professor in the School of Languages and Social Sciences at Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. She has spent a number of years living in Indonesia and has written extensively on gender and sexuality, including most recently Challenging Gender Norms: Five Genders among Bugis in Indonesia, Thomson Wadsworth, 2007. Asian studies association of Australia Women in Asia Series Editor: Louise Edwards (University of Technology Sydney) Editorial Board: Susan Blackburn (Monash University) Vera Mackie (Melbourne University) Anne McLaren (Melbourne University) Mina Roces (University of New South Wales) Andrea Whittaker (Melbourne University) Mukkuvar Women Intimate Knowledge Gender, hegemony and capitalist Women and their health in North-East transformation in a South Indian fish- Thailand ing community Andrea Whittaker Kalpana Ram Women in Asia A World of Difference Tradition, modernity and Islam and gender hierarchy in Turkey globalisation Julie Marcus Louise Edwards and Mina Roces (eds) Purity and Communal Boundaries Women and social change in a Violence against Women in Asian Bangladeshi village Societies Santi Rozario Gender inequality and technologies of violence Madonnas and Martyrs Lenore Manderson and Linda Rae Militarism and violence in the Bennett (eds) Philippines Anne-Marie Hilsdon Women’s Employment in Japan The experience of part-time workers Masters and Managers Kaye Broadbent A study of gender relations in urban Java Chinese Women Living and Norma Sullivan Working Anne McLaren (ed) Matriliny and Modernity Sexual politics and social change in Abortion, Sin and the State in rural Malaysia Thailand Maila Stivens Andrea Whittaker Sexual Violence and the Law in Gender, Islam, and Democracy in Japan Indonesia Catherine Burns Kathryn Robinson Women, Islam and Modernity Young Women in Japan Single women, sexuality and Transitions to adulthood reproductive health in contemporary Kaori Okano Indonesia Linda Rae Bennett Sex, Love and Feminism in the Asia Pacific The Women’s Movement in A cross-cultural study of young Post-Colonial Indonesia people’s attitudes Elizabeth Martyn Chilla Bulbeck Women and Work in Indonesia Gender, State and Social Michele Ford and Lyn Parker (eds) Powerin Contemporary Indonesia Women and Union Activism in Asia Divorce and marriage law Kaye Broadbent and Michele Ford (eds) KateO’Shaughnessy Gender, Household, and State in Feminist Movements in Post-Revolutionary Vietnam Contemporary Japan Jayne Werner Laura Dales Gender, Nation and State in Modern Women, Islam and Everyday Life Japan Renegotiating polygamy in Vera Mackie, Ulrike Woehr and Indonesia Andrea Germer (eds) Nina Nurmila Cambodian Women Gender Diversity in Indonesia Childbirth and maternity in rural Sexuality, Islam and queer selves Southeast Asia Sharyn Graham Davies Elizabeth Hoban Gender Diversity in Indonesia Sexuality, Islam and queer selves Sharyn Graham Davies First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. © 2010 Sharyn Graham Davies All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Davies, Sharyn Graham. Gender diversity in Indonesia / Sharyn Graham Davies. p. cm. – (Asian Studies Association of Australia Women in Asia series) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Transgenderism – Indonesia. 2. Gender identity – Indonesia. 3. Sexual minorities – Indonesia. I. Title. HQ77.95.I5D38 2010 306.7609598 – dc22 2009029111 ISBN 0-203-86095-0 Master e-book ISBN ISBN10: 0-415-37569-X (hbk) ISBN10: 0-203-86095-0 (ebk) ISBN13: 978-0-415-37569-6 (hbk) ISBN13: 978-0-203-86095-3 (ebk) ForTom, Alfie and ana’kutampu, with love. Contents List of figures x Series editor’s foreword xi Preface xii Acknowledgments xvi 1 Framing place and process 1 2 Contextualizing gender 16 3 Queer(y)ing transgender 39 4 Gendering the present past 58 5 Gendering life 87 6 Calalai subject positions 119 7 Calabai subject positions 138 8 Bissu subject positions 174 9 Conclusion 207 Glossary 214 Notes 217 Bibliography 219 Index 249
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