Gender and justice: new concepts and approaches

330 Pages·2006·1.67 MB·English

by  Frances Heidensohn

genderJust2.qxd 1/10/06 2:34 pm Page 1
Gender Justice
and G
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New concepts and approaches
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FRANCES HEIDENSOHN
EDITED BY
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Questions about gender, justice and crime are constantly in the public arena, a
whether they focus on young women getting drunk or taking drugs, or the rising
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numbers of women going to prison or committing violent crimes – or reports of
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macho behaviour on the part of men in the military, law enforcement or professional
sport.
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This book provides a key text for students seeking to understand feminist and
gendered perspectives on criminology and criminal justice, bringing together the s
most innovative research and work which has taken the study of the relationship t Gender
and
between gender and justice into the twenty-first century. The book addresses many i
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of the issues of concern to the established feminist agenda (such as the gender gap,
equity in the criminal justice system, penal regimes and their impact on women), e
but also shows the ways in which these themes have been extended, reinterpreted
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and answered in new and distinctive ways.
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Organised into sections on gender and offending behaviour, gender and the criminal d
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justice system, and new concepts and approaches, Gender and Justice: new a
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concepts and approaches will be essential reading for students taking courses in
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criminology and criminal justice, and anybody else wishing to understand the rn New concepts and approaches
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complex and changing relationship between gender and justice. ae
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The editor ht
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Frances Heidensohn is Visiting Professor, Department of Sociology, London School

of Economics and Emeritus Professor of Social Policy, University of London. She has
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researched and written about gender, crime and justice for many years, and was RD
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awarded the Sellin Glueck Award of the American Society of Criminology in 2004 for AT
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her international contributions to criminology. ND
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EY
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The contributors

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Rachel Condry, Kristine Hansen, Stephanie Hayman, Nicola Hutson, Barbara Mason, E
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Carrie Anne Myers, Oliver Phillips, Joanna Phoenix, Nicole Rafter, Judith Rumgay, D
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Mike Shiner, Marisa Silvestri, Kate Steward.
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S
O
H
N
EDITED BY
FRANCES HEIDENSOHN
www.willanpublishing.co.uk
Gender and Justice


For Theo


Gender and Justice
New concepts and approaches
Edited by
Frances Heidensohn


Published by
Willan Publishing
Culmcott House
Mill Street, Uffculme
Cullompton, Devon
EX15 3AT, UK
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
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website: www.willanpublishing.co.uk
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Willan Publishing
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Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
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© the Editors and contributors 2006
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publishers or a licence
permitting copying in the UK issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham
Court Road, London W1P 9HE.
Paperback
ISBN-13: 978-1-84392-199-8
ISBN-10: 1-84392-199-5
Hardback
ISBN-13: 978-1-84392-200-1
ISBN-10: 1-84392-200-2
British Library Cataloguing-in -Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Typeset by GCS, Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire
Project managed by Deer Park Productions, Tavistock, Devon
Printed and bound by T.J. International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall
v
Contents
Contents
Acknowledgements vii
Contributors ix
Figures and Tables xiii

1 New perspectives and established views 1
Frances Heidensohn
Part 1 Gender and Offending Behaviour 11
Introduction
Frances Heidensohn
2 A dubious equality? Drug use and the discovery 15

of gender
Michael Shiner
3 Gender differences in self-reported offending 32
Kirstine Hansen
4 Schoolbags at dawn 60
Carrie Anne Myers
5 Regulating prostitution: controlling women’s lives 76
Joanna Phoenix

Gender and Justice
6 Stigmatised women: relatives of serious offenders
and the broader impact of crime 96
Rachel Condry

Part 2 Gender and the Criminal Justice System 121
Introduction
Frances Heidensohn
7 Gender considerations in remand decision-making 125
Kate Steward
8 ‘Bad Girls‘ or ‘Mad Girls‘ – the coping mechanisms
of female young offenders 147
Nicola Hutson and Carrie Anne Myers
9 A gendered Irish experiment: grounds for optimism? 165
Barbara Mason
10 Reforming the prison: a Canadian tale 188
Stephanie Hayman
Part 3 New Concepts and Approaches 209
Introduction
Frances Heidensohn
11 Gender, genes and crimes: an evolving
feminist agenda 211
Nicole Rafter
12 Gender and crime: a human rights perspective 222
Marisa Silvestri
13 Gender, justice and human rights in post-colonial
Zimbabwe and South Africa 243
Oliver Phillips
14 Another look at Lady Bountiful: reform, gender
and organisations 280
Judith Rumgay
i
Acknowledgements
This book has a number of inspirations and sources. First, I have long
been concerned with the ideas and issues it covers and was delighted
to find so many new and younger scholars working on these topics.
Many of them are linked to the London School of Economics as past
or present staff or students. When compiling reading lists for courses,
I was struck that most of this exciting and challenging material was
not easily accessible. Questions about gender, justice and crime seem
to be constantly in the public arena, whether they focus on young
women getting drunk or taking drugs or the rising numbers of
women going to prison or committing violent crimes. Masculinity has
also been highlighted as an issue, with reports of macho behaviour in
the military, law enforcement or professional sport.
Returning to the sociology department at the LSE as a visiting

professor in 2004 provided me with a marvellous stimulus to produce
this text and a most lively and supportive atmosphere in which to
work. My thanks to Nikolas Rose for the invitation and most kind
welcome and to Joyce Lorenstein and Tia Exelby for all their help.
The LSE is one of the most interesting and important centres for the
study of criminology today and I have been most fortunate to be
able to share ideas and discussions and gain encouragement from
all my colleagues there. I am especially grateful to Paul Rock, David
Downes, Tim Newburn, Stan Cohen, Nikki Lacey, Dick Hobbs, Janet
Foster, Robert Reiner, Anna Souhami, Jacqui Karn, Maurice Punch,
Coretta Phillips, Iman Heflin and the regular members of the Tuesday
seminars. My debt to all the contributors is immense, for their hard
work, willingness to take part and for the spirit in which they have
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Gender and Justice
done so. Mary Eaton and Betsy Stanko were always ready with
thoughtful advice and suggestions. Nicky Rafter has, as always, been
the best of friends, offering encouragement, wisdom and support.
Brian Willan has been an exemplary publisher, proving again his star
status in UK criminology. Jutta Schettler has provided incomparable
skill and patience in preparing the manuscript for publication.
I am most appreciative of all the support and kindness I have
received from everyone and trust that they, and all our readers, will
find interest, challenges and some answers here.
Frances Heidensohn
London School of Economics
September 2006

viii
Contributors
Frances Heidensohn is Visiting Professor, Department of Sociology,
London School of Economics and Emeritus Professor of Social Policy,
University of London. She has researched and written about gender,
crime and justice for many years. Among her books are Women and
Crime (1985/1996), Women in Control? The Role of Women in Law
Enforcement (1992), International Feminist Perspectives in Criminology
(with Nicole Rafter) (1995), Sexual Politics and Social Control (2000) and
Gender and Policing (with Jennifer Brown) (2000). She was awarded
the Sellin Glueck Award of the American Society of Criminology in
2004 for her international contributions to criminology.
Rachel Condry is a research fellow in the Law Department at the
London School of Economics. She holds a British Academy post-
doctoral fellowship aw ard and is currently studying parenting and
youth justice. She is the author of Families Shamed: The Consequences
of Crime for Relatives of Serious Offenders (2007).
Kirstine Hansen is the research director of the Millennium Cohort
Study at the Institute of Education, University of London. She was
previously a lecturer in the Department of Social Policy, London
School of Economics. Her recent publications include ‘Education
and the Crime-Age Profile’, British Journal of Criminology and articles
in the Journal of Quantitative Criminology and the Oxford Bulletin of
Economics and Statistics.
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