Gender and Development

340 Pages·2019·24.033 MB·English

by  Janet Momsen

Gender and Development
This revised and updated third edition of Gender and Development provides a
concise, accessible introduction to gender and development issues in the
developing world and in the transition countries of Eastern and Central Europe.
The nine chapters include discussions on: changes in theoretical approaches,
gender complexities and the Sustainable Development Goals; social and
biological reproduction including changing attitudes to family planning; variation
in education and access to housing; differences in health and violence at major
life stages for women and men; natural disasters, climate change and declining
natural resources; and gender roles in rural and urban areas. There is also
enhanced coverage of topics such as global trade, sport as a development tool,
masculinities and sustainable agriculture. Maps and statistics have been updated
throughout and their coverage widened. New case studies have been added on
Bangladesh, violence in Peru and India, and halal tourism and garbage collection
in the Maldives. The book features student- friendly items such as chapter learning
objectives, discussion questions and annotated guides to further reading and
websites. The text is enlivened throughout with examples and case studies drawn
from the author’s worldwide field research and consultancies with international
development agencies over four decades and her experience of teaching the topic
to undergraduates and postgraduates in many countries.
Gender and Development is the only broad-b ased introduction to the topic written
specifically for a student audience. It will be an essential text for a variety of
courses on development, women’s studies, sociology, anthropology and
geography.
Janet Momsen is Emerita Professor of Geography at the University of
California, Davis. She is affiliated with the University of Oxford as a Senior
Research Associate in the School of the Environment and in International Gender
Studies. She has taught at several universities in England, Canada, Brazil, Costa
Rica, Malaysia and the USA, and carried out field research in the Caribbean,
Brazil, Costa Rica, Ghana, Mexico, China, Bangladesh, India and Hungary.

Routledge Perspectives on Development
Series Editor: Professor Tony Binns, University of Otago
Since it was established in 2000, the same year as the Millennium Development
Goals were set by the United Nations, the Routledge Perspectives on
Development series has become the pre-e minent international textbook series on
key development issues. Written by leading authors in their fields, the books have
been popular with academics and students working in disciplines such as
anthropology, economics, geography, international relations, politics and
sociology. The series has also proved to be of particular interest to those working
in interdisciplinary fields, such as area studies (African, Asian and Latin
American studies), development studies, environmental studies, peace and
conflict studies, rural and urban studies, travel and tourism.
If you would like to submit a book proposal for the series, please contact the
Series Editor, Tony Binns, on: [email protected]
Children, Youth and Development, 2nd edition
Nicola Ansell
Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D)
Richard Heeks
Media and Development
Richard Vokes
Education and Development
Simon McGrath
Postcolonialism, Decoloniality and Development, 2nd edition
Cheryl McEwan
South–South Development
Peter Kragelund
Gender and Development, 3rd edition
Janet Momsen
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/series/
SE0684
Gender and Development
3rd Edition
Janet Momsen
Third edition published 2020
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2020 Janet Momsen
The right of Janet Momsen to be identified as author of this work has
been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission
in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
First edition published by Routledge 2004
Second edition published by Routledge 2010
British Library Cataloguing-i n-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-1-138-94061-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-94062-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-67418-6 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
Contents
List of plates viii
List of figures x
List of tables xii
List of boxes xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 Introduction: gender is a development issue 1
2 Demography 24
3 Reproduction 48
4 Gender, health and violence 84
5 Gender and environment 120
6 Gender in rural areas 153
7 Gender in urban areas 194
8 Globalization and changing patterns of economic
activity 220
9 How far have we come? 258
References 287
Index 312
Plates
1.1 Bangladesh: young women working in a garment
factory in Dhaka 2
1.2 Burkina Faso: women vegetable growers 5
2.1 Brazil: migration to the colonization frontier 37
2.2 Fiji: a family of new settlers in the interior of Viti Levu 37
3.1 School in Myanmar 66
3.2 St Vincent and the Grenadines, youth national rugby
team 74
3.3 China: women preparing tobacco leaves for curing 75
3.4 Ghana: a woman collecting firewood in a cassava field 77
3.5 Ghana: women processing cassava for gari 78
3.6 East Timor: young women going to collect water 79
4.1 Thailand: grandmother caring for small child 94
4.2 Mexico: Mayan woman making tortillas on an open fire 101
5.1 India: women using a village water pump 136
5.2 Ghana: women walking home carrying wood for fuel 140
5.3 Brazil: men collecting mangrove wood on a cart 140
5.4 Ghana: a woman cooking over an open fire 143
5.5 Bangladesh: a woman applying a layer of mud to her
house 146
6.1 Bangladesh: a woman stripping jute fibre from its
covering 154
6.2 China: women drying and winnowing rice 155
6.3 India: women planting and a man ploughing in paddy
fields 156
Plates  •  ix
6.4 Ghana: a group of women digging with hoes 157
6.5 Australia: Aborigine woman digging for roots and
witchetty grubs 159
6.6 Kashmir: a family of herders drying grain, with woman
spinning wool 164
6.7 Burkina Faso: a woman brewing sorghum beer 165
6.8 Bangladesh: a woman displaying seeds saved for future
planting 170
6.9 Sri Lanka: a woman watering vegetables 178
6.10 St Lucia, West Indies: women head loading bananas for
export 180
6.11 South Korea: a woman diver on Cheju Island 184
6.12 South Korea: women divers preparing shellfish 185
6.13 Romania: a woman in her backyard greenhouse 188
6.14 Madagascar: woman panning for sapphires 190
6.15 Congo: woman gold trader in Bukavu, eastern DRC 191
7.1 India: women working as building labourers 202
7.2 Brazil: weekly market in a town in Bahia state 209
8.1 Transport on the river Irriwaddy in Myanmar 221
8.2 China: young women workers making electric rice
cookers for export 230
8.3 Thailand: young women weaving silk 233
8.4 Thailand: older women backstrap weaving 234
8.5 Burkina Faso: women potters in a north-w estern village 235
8.6 Guatemala: spinning cotton 236
8.7 Peru: basket making 237
8.8 Myanmar: bowl making 238
8.9 Brazil: lacemaking in Ceará 239
8.10 Sri Lanka: Samurdhi microcredit group meeting 243
8.11 Sri Lanka: a woman dairy farmer 243
8.12 Colombia: displaced woman who started a shop with a
microloan 245
8.13 French Polynesia: women preparing flower garlands for
tourists 252
8.14 China: the ‘managed heart’ – woman offering apples to
visitors 254
8.15 Ecuador: young man with tame llama waiting for
tourists to take photographs of him 255
9.1 East Timor: pounding corn in old shell casings 268
9.2 Sri Lanka: young daughters helping with household
chores 269
9.3 Australia: Aborigine women artists 281