Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men

344 Pages·2001·1.99 MB·English

by  Marlis Hellinger (ed.)

<ATVSKSWVIUIDUEoOZTIlBYDOTEFuLJWFmHTECESHHCOOIeEN"ETTRRGIFI"D"Ge1O""n"5SIH4"md0"T"e>"pr"a"cA2t2c0r9o""ssLanguages:Thelinguisticrepresentationofwomenandmen
GenderAcrossLanguages
Impact: Studies in language and society
impactpublishesmonographs,collectivevolumes,andtextbooksontopicsin
sociolinguisticsandlanguagepedagogy.Thescopeoftheseriesisbroad,with
special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies;
languageconflictandlanguagedeath;languagestandardsandlanguagechange;
dialectology;diglossia;discoursestudies;languageandsocialidentity(gender,
ethnicity,class,ideology);andhistoryandmethodsofsociolinguistics
Generaleditor
AnnickDeHouwer
UniversityofAntwerp
Advisoryboard
UlrichAmmon WilliamLabov
GerhardMercatorUniversity UniversityofPennsylvania
LaurieBauer ElizabethLanza
VictoriaUniversityofWellington UniversityofOslo
JanBlommaert JosephLoBianco
GhentUniversity TheAustralianNationalUniversity
PaulDrew PeterNelde
UniversityofYork CatholicUniversityBrussels
AnnaEscobar DennisPreston
UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana MichiganStateUniversity
GuusExtra JeanineTreffers-Daller
TilburgUniversity UniversityoftheWestofEngland
MargaritaHidalgo VicWebb
SanDiegoStateUniversity UniversityofPretoria
RichardA.Hudson
UniversityCollegeLondon
Volume9
GenderAcrossLanguages:Thelinguisticrepresentationofwomenandmen
VolumeI
EditedbyMarlisHellingerandHadumodBußmann
Gender Across Languages
The linguistic representation
of women and men
volume i
Edited by
Marlis Hellinger
UniversityofFrankfurtamMain
Hadumod Bußmann
UniversityofMunich
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany
Amsterdam(cid:1)/(cid:1)Philadelphia
TM ThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican
8
NationalStandardforInformationSciences–PermanenceofPaperforPrinted
LibraryMaterials,ansiz39.48-1984.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
GenderAcrossLanguages: Thelinguisticrepresentationof womenandmenVolumeI /
editedbyMarlisHellinger,HadumodBußmann.
p. cm.(Impact,Studiesinlanguageandsociety,issn1385–7908;v.9)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
1. Grammar, Comparative and general--Gender. I. Hellinger, Marlis. II.
Bußmann,Hadumod. III.Impact,studiesinlanguageandsociety;9.
P240.7.G45 2001
415--dc21 2001037888
isbn9027218404(Eur.)/1588110826(US)(Hb;alk.paper)
isbn9027218412(Eur.)/1588110834(US)(Pb;alk.paper)
©2001–JohnBenjaminsB.V.
Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyform,byprint,photoprint,microfilm,orany
othermeans,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCo.·P.O.Box36224·1020meAmsterdam·TheNetherlands
JohnBenjaminsNorthAmerica·P.O.Box27519·Philadelphiapa19118-0519·usa
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Contents
LanguagesofvolumeIIandIII vii
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
Listofabbreviations xiii
genderacrosslanguages
Thelinguisticrepresentationofwomenandmen 1
MarlisHellingerandHadumodBußmann
arabic
Shiftingsands:LanguageandgenderinMoroccanArabic 27
AtiqaHachimi
belizeancreole
BelizeanCreole:Gender,creole,andtheroleofwomeninlanguage
change 53
GenevièveEscure
easternmarooncreole
CommunicatinggenderintheEasternMaroonCreoleofSuriname 85
BettinaMigge
english
English–Genderinagloballanguage 105
MarlisHellinger
Acorpus-basedviewofgenderinNewZealand 115
JanetHolmes
Spreadingthefeministword:ThecaseofthenewcourtesytitleMs
inAustralianEnglish 137
AnnePauwels
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vi Tableofcontents
Acorpus-basedviewofgenderinBritishandAmericanEnglish 153
SuzanneRomaine
hebrew
GenderswitchinModernHebrew 177
YishaiTobin
indonesian
GenderinJavaneseIndonesian 199
EstherKuntjara
romanian
Deconstructinggender–ThecaseofRomanian 229
FlorenceMaurice
russian
DoinggenderinRussian:Structureandperspective 253
UrsulaDoleschalandSonjaSchmid
turkish
ThecommunicationofgenderinTurkish 283
FriederikeBraun
Notesoncontributors 311
Nameindex 317
Subjectindex 323
Languages of Volume II
Chinese
MarjorieK.M.Chan
CharlesEttner
HongZhang
Dutch
MarinelGerritsen
Finnish
MilaEngelberg
Hindi
KiraHall
Icelandic
AnnaGunnarsdotterGrönberg
Italian
GiannaMarcato&Eva-MariaThüne
Norwegian
ToveBull&TorilSwan
Spanish
UweKjærNissen
Vietnamese
HoaPham
Welsh
GwenllianAwbery&KathrynJones&DelythMorris
Languages of Volume III
Czech
JanaValdrová
Danish
KirstenGomard&MetteKunøe
French
ElisabethBurr
ElmarSchafroth
German
MarlisHellinger&HadumodBußmann
Greek
Theodossia-SoulaPavlidou
Japanese
SachikoIde
JanetS.(Shibamoto)Smith
Oriya
KalyanamaliniSahoo
Polish
GabrielaKoniuszaniec&HankaBłaszkowska
Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian
ElkeHentschel
Swahili
RoseMarieBeck
Swedish
AntjeHornscheidt
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Preface
TheseriesGenderacrosslanguagesisanongoingprojectwithpotentialfollow-
uppublications.Ourmaingoalhasbeentoprovideacomprehensivecollec-
tionofin-depthdescriptionsofgender-relatedissuesinlanguageswithvery
diversestructuralfoundationsandsocio-culturalbackgrounds.Theprojectis
designedtohaveanexplicitcontrastiveorientationinthatbasicallythesame
issues are discussed for each language within the same terminological and
methodological framework. This framework, whose central notion is, of
course,themultidimensionalconcept of“gender”,is discussedinthe intro-
ductorychapterof“Genderacrosslanguages–Thelinguisticrepresentationof
women and men”. Care has been taken not to impose a narrow western
perspectiveonotherlanguages.
Thisisthefirstofthreevolumeswhichcompriseatotalofthirtylanguages:
Arabic,BelizeanCreole,Chinese,Czech,Danish,Dutch,EasternMaroonCreole,
English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Icelandic, Indone-
sian,Italian,Japanese,Norwegian,Oriya,Polish,Romanian,Russian,Serbian/
Croatian/Bosnian,Spanish,Swahili,Swedish,Turkish,Vietnamese,Welsh.
Allcontributionswerespecificallywrittenforthisproject,inclosecollabo-
ration with the editors over a period of three years. Unfortunately, a few
languages(Bulgarian,Hungarian,Korean,Portuguese,andoneNativeAmeri-
canlanguage)droppedoutoftheprojectforvariousreasons.Theselanguages
shouldbeincludedinapotentialfuturevolume.
Thebasisonwhichparticularlanguagesshouldbebroughttogetherinone
volumehasbeenaproblematiconetodefine.Ratherthancategorizinglanguag-
esaccordingtolanguagefamily(areal,typologicalorhistorical),oraccording
towhetherthelanguagehasordoesnothavegrammaticalgender,orusingan
overallalphabeticalordering,wedecided–inagreementwiththepublisher–
thateachvolumeshouldcontainabalancedselectionoflanguages,sothateach
volumewill provide readers with sufficient material to illustrate the diversity
andcomplexityoflinguisticrepresentationsofgenderacrosslanguages.Thus,
each volume will contain both languages with grammatical gender as well as
“genderless” languages, and languages with different areal, typological and