GEN 3.5 METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES - AIP New Zealand

52 Pages·2016·0.57 MB·English

AIPNewZealand GEN3.5-1
GEN 3.5 METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES
1 RESPONSIBLESERVICE
1.1 CivilAviationAuthority
1.1.1 TheCivilAviationAuthorityisthemeteorologicalauthorityforNew
Zealandandisresponsiblefortheprovisionofmeteorologicalservices,as
definedinICAOAnnex3,withintheNewZealandandAucklandOceanic
FIRs.
CivilAviationAuthority
POBox3555
Wellington6140
NEWZEALAND
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
AFTN NZHOYAYX
Website www.caa.govt.nz
1.2 MeteorologicalInformationServiceProviders
1.2.1 OnlyorganisationscertificatedunderCARPart174,Meteorological
ServiceOrganisations,mayprovidemeteorologicalinformationtocivil
aviation.
1.2.2 TherearetwometeorologicalinformationserviceprovidersinNew
Zealand.Theserviceprovidedisinaccordancewiththeprovisionsinthe
followingICAOdocuments:
(a) Annex3—MeteorologicalServiceforInternationalAirNavigation
(b) Doc8896—ManualofAeronauticalMeteorologicalPractice
(c) Doc7030—RegionalSupplementaryProcedures
(d) Doc9673—AirNavigationPlanAsiaandPacificRegions
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:10NOV16
GEN3.5-2 AIPNewZealand
MeteorologicalServiceofNewZealandLimited(MetService)
1.2.3 TheprimarymeteorologicalserviceproviderforNewZealandis:
MeteorologicalServiceofNewZealandLimited(MetService)
POBox722
Wellington6140
NEWZEALAND
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
AFTN NZKLYMYX
Website www.metservice.com
1.2.4 MetServiceiscertificatedtoprovidethefollowingservices:
(a) aforecastservice,toprovideforecastmeteorologicalinformationfor
aspecificareaorportionofairspace;
(b) aninformationdisseminationservice,tocollectanddisseminate
meteorologicalinformation;
(c) ameteorologicalbriefingservice,toprovidewrittenandoral
meteorologicalinformationonexistingandexpectedmeteorological
conditions;
(d) ameteorologicalreportingservice,toprovideroutinemeteorological
reports;
(e) ameteorologicalwatchservice,tomaintainawatchover
meteorologicalconditionsaffectingaircraftoperationsinaspecific
area;and
(f) aclimatologyservice,todevelopandsupplyclimatological
informationforaspecificplaceorairspace.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:9NOV17
AIPNewZealand GEN3.5-3
AirwaysCorporationofNewZealandLimited(Airways)
1.2.5 ThesecondarymeteorologicalserviceproviderandtheATS
componentsupplierforNewZealandis:
AirwaysCorporationofNewZealandLimited(Airways)
ATSOperations(PolicyandStandards)
POBox14131
ChristchurchAirport8544
NEWZEALAND
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
Website www.airways.co.nz
1.2.6 Airwaysprovidesthefollowingmeteorologicalservices:
(a) aninformationdisseminationservice,tocollectanddisseminate
meteorologicalinformation;and
(b) ameteorologicalreportingservice,tosupplyroutinemeteorological
reports.
2 AREAOFRESPONSIBILITY
2.1 NewZealandFIRandAucklandOceanicFIR
2.1.1 Theareaofresponsibilityfortheprovisionofaeronautical
meteorologicalservicessetoutinthispublicationcoverstheNewZealand
FIR(NZZC)andtheAucklandOceanicFIR(NZZO)withtheexceptionofthe
McMurdo,Samoa,TongaandCooksectors.Anaeronauticalmeteorological
watchserviceisprovidedtoissueSIGMETfortheNewZealandFIRandthe
AucklandOceanicFIR.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:20NOV08
GEN3.5-4 AIPNewZealand
3 METEOROLOGICALINFORMATION
3.1 METTerminology
3.1.1 AlistofMETterminologyincludingcodesusedinMETreportsis
includedinTableGEN3.5-1.
3.2 AerodromeObservationsandReports
3.2.1 Adetailedlistoftheaerodromeobservationsandreportsprovided
forairnavigationisprovidedinTableGEN3.5-2.
3.3 AerodromeObservingSystems
3.3.1 Adetailedlistoftheaerodromeobservingsystemsprovidedforair
navigationisprovidedinTableGEN3.5-3.
3.4 AmendmentofForecasts
3.4.1 Allforecastsarekeptunderreviewandamendedwhenever
significantchangesoccurorareforecasttooccur.Anamendedforecastis
identifiedbythelettersAMD.AmendmentcriteriaarelistedinTableGEN
3.5-4.
3.5 ManualObservations(METARandSPECI)
METAR
3.5.1 METARareroutineaerodromereports,inMETARcode,issued
hourly.ALLreportsissuedonthehourarecodedasMETARregardlessof
theweatherreported.
3.5.2 OutsidethehoursofserviceofanATSunit,aMETARAUTOreport
maybeavailablefromanAutomaticWeatherStation.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:8NOV18
AIPNewZealand GEN3.5-5
SPECI
3.5.3 SPECIarespecialaerodromereportsissuedoffthehourinMETAR
code.SPECIarepreparedwhenthevalueofsomeweatherelement
changessignificantly,orpassesaspecifiedvalueaslistedinTableGEN
3.5-5.
3.5.4 ASPECIreportingdeteriorationinconditionsisdisseminated
immediatelyafterthedeterioration,andthetimeoftheobservationis
codedtothenearestfiveminutes.ASPECIreportinganimprovementin
conditionsisdisseminatedonlyaftertheimprovementhaspersistedfor10
minutes.
3.5.5 IftheweatherconditionsimproveabovethecriterialistedinTable
GEN3.5-5,thewordsSPECICONDXCEASEorSPECICEASESwillbe
includedattheendoftheSPECIorMETARasaremark.Thenextroutine
reportinthesecircumstanceswillbeaMETARonthehourunless
conditionsdeteriorateagainbeforethenextroutinereporttimeisreached.
3.6 AutomatedObservations(METARAUTO)
3.6.1 AutomatedobservationsareprovidedbyAutomaticWeather
Stations(AWS).
3.6.2 AtaerodromeswhereMETARAUTOareissued(apartfromNZWP,
NZOHandNZMF),nomanualMETARandSPECIobservationswillbe
provided.
3.6.3 AtaerodromeswhereMETARAUTOareissued,theywillbeproduced
every30minutes,onthehourandhalfhour,dayandnight.
3.6.4 NoSPECIwillbeissuedatMETARAUTOlocations.
3.6.5 Lightningdatafromanindependentlightningdetectionnetworkwill
beaddedtoMETARAUTOtoprovideadditionalobservationaldata,and
presentweatherandrecentweatherwillalsobeincludedasappropriate.
3.6.6 METARAUTOwillnotincludedirectionalvisibilityvariations.
3.6.7 METARAUTOwillnotinclude“vicinity”(VC)presentweather,except
forthunderstormsinthevicinity(VCTS),whichwillbeincludedinthe
report.However,someadditional“vicinity”(VC)presentweather,suchas
precipitationandfog,maybeincludedinreportsfromNZAA,NZWNand
NZCHwhenidentifiedbyforecastersaccessingairportwebcams,andhigh
resolutionweatherradarandsatelliteimagery.
3.6.8 METARAUTOwillnotincludecloudtype(i.e.TCUandCB).
3.6.9 WhentheAWSpresentweathersensoristemporarilyinoperative,
twostrokes(//)areinsertedinthepresentweatherfield.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:9NOV17
GEN3.5-6 AIPNewZealand
3.6.10TheabbreviationNCD(NoCloudDetected)isusedwhentheAWS
doesnotdetectcloud;
(a) below10,000ftatNZAA,NZWNandNZCH;or
(b) atanylevelforallotherdomesticaerodromes.
NCDisusedinsteadofthemanualMETARcodeSKC(skyclear).
3.6.11WhencloudisdetectedbytheAWS,threestrokes(///)areplaced
attheendofeachcloudlayergrouptoindicatethattheAWScouldnot
identifyTCUorCB.
ExamplesofMETARAUTO(aerodromesotherthanNZAA,NZWN,NZCH):
METARNZXX011400ZAUTO35004KT310V01029KM-SHRAOVC048///1
19/16Q1021
METARNZYY021930ZAUTO10014KT46KM//2NCD314/10Q1015
METARNZZZ021400ZAUTO13001KT7000DZFEW015///1BKN026///1
BKN180///116/15Q1010RERA
METARNZXY021730ZAUTO23005KT////4//2/////////519/15Q1017
ExamplesofMETARAUTO(NZAA,NZWN,NZCHonly):
METARNZAA251930ZAUTO03005KT0600R23L/0500D6FGFEW003///1
12/12Q1021BECMG9999BKN012
METARNZWN021400ZAUTO35011G21KT310V0309999//2NCD316/10
Q0996NOSIG
METARNZCH140400ZAUTO23013KT9999-SHRAFEW020///1
SCT030///1BKN050///105/M03Q1016TEMPO6000SHRASN
Notes:
1 ///attheendofthecloudgroupindicatesthattheAWScannot
determineCBorTCUcloudtypes.
2 //isreportedinplaceofpresentweatherwhenthepresentweather
sensoristemporarilyinoperative.
3 NCDindicatesNoCloudDetectedbelow10,000ftatNZAA,NZWNand
NZCH,oratanylevelforallotherdomesticaerodromes.
4 ////indicates“visibilitynotreported”(probablyduetoafaultysensor).
5 /////////indicates“cloudnotreported”(probablyduetoafaultysensor).
6 RunwayVisualRange(RVR)isreportedatAucklandandChristchurch.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:10NOV16
AIPNewZealand GEN3.5-7
3.7 AttachmentofTREND
3.7.1 TRENDforecastswillbeappendedtoMETARAUTOreportsfrom
NZAA,NZCH,NZWNandtoMETARandSPECIreportsfromthemilitary
aerodromesatNZOHandNZWP.
3.7.2 AlistofMETterminologyincludingcodesusedinTRENDforecastsis
includedinTableGEN3.5-1.
ExampleofSPECI
3.7.3 ThefollowingisanexampleofaSPECIcodedmessage:
SPECINZWP010025Z03022G34KT010V0802000–DZRAFEW003
BKN00622/21Q0997RERAWSR03
DecodeofSPECI
3.7.4 Thefollowingisthedecode,usinginformationlistedinTable
GEN3.5-1,ofthemessageinparagraph3.7.3:
(a) SpecialMeteorologicalAerodromeReportforWhenuapaiaerodrome,
issuedat0025UTConthe1stofthemonth.
(b) Surfacewind: 030degreestrue,22knotsgustingto34knots.
Winddirectionvaryingbetween010degrees
trueand080degreestrue.
(c) Prevailingvisibility: 2000metres.
(d) Weather: Lightdrizzleandrain.
(e) Cloud: Fewoktascloud(1–2)withabaseat300feet
aboveaerodromelevel,andbrokencloud(5–7
oktas)withabaseat600feetabove
aerodromelevel.
(f) Temperature: 22degreesCelsius
DewPoint: 21degreesCelsius
(g) QNH: 997hectopascals
(h) Recentweather: Moderateorheavyrainhasbeenobservedat
theaerodromesincethelastroutinereport.
(i) Windshear: Windshearreportedbypilotsorthecontrol
toweralongthetake-offand/orapproach
pathtorunway03betweenrunwaylevel
and1600feetAGL.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:8NOV18
GEN3.5-8 AIPNewZealand
3.8 CorrectionstoMETAR/SPECI
3.8.1 IfanerrorisdetectedinanissuedMETAR/SPECI,theMETAR/SPECI
willbere-sentimmediatelywiththeerrorcorrected,andwiththeletters
CORenteredaftertheMETAR/SPECI(e.g.METARCORorSPECICOR).
3.9 WindShear
3.9.1 Informationaboutobservedwindshearontheapproachortake-off
pathsisincluded,whenappropriate,inMETARandSPECIreports.
Informationaboutexpectedwindshearonapproachandtake-offpathsis
notprovided.
3.10 Take-offandLandingReports
3.10.1ReportsofMETconditionsatattendedaerodromesarepreparedby
theATSunitimmediatelypriortoatake-offorlanding.Thesereports
normallycontain:
(a) winddirectionindegreesmagnetic;
(b) windspeedinknots;
(c) visibility,includingsignificantdirectionalvariations(ifavailableRVR
willbeusedwhenvisibilityislessthan1500m);
(d) presentweather,ifsignificant;
(e) lowcloud,ifsignificant(cloudheight/baseinfeetaboveaerodrome
level);
(f) temperature;
(g) dewpoint;
(h) QNH;
(i) additionalitems,suchasreportedturbulence;and
(j) reportedorforecastwindat2000ft.
3.10.2ThesereportsarecontainedwithinanATISbroadcastorD-ATISat
mostattendedaerodromes.ActiveATISbroadcastsarealsoavailableon
IFIS(www.ifis.airways.co.nz).
3.10.3ActiveATISbroadcastsorD-ATISwillincludethefollowingadditional
data:
(a) nameofaerodrome;
(b) ATIScodeletter;
(c) issuetime;
(d) runway-in-use(or“preferredrunway”ifAFISaerodrome);and
(e) operationalinformation.
3.10.4ReferTableGEN3.5-4forsourceofreported2000ftwind.
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:28MAR19
AIPNewZealand GEN3.5-9
3.11 BasicWeatherReports(BWR)
3.11.1BWRareprovidedatsomeaerodromes.BWRareverbalcomment
onactualweatherconditionsataparticularaerodromeorplace.BWR
activityisintendedtoincludeonly:
(a) verbalprovisionofaBWRtoincomingaircraftataerodromes;and
(b) verbalcommentonpresentweatherconditionspassedbetween
aircraftandotheraeronauticallyassociatedparties.
3.11.2Particularexamplesofbasicweatherreportsare—
(a) anaircraftoperator’sgroundstaffpassingabasicweatherreport,
aspartoftheirlandingreport,totheirincomingaircraftatan
unattendedaerodrome.
(b) anindividual,normallyworkingoutsideaviation,conveyingbasic
weatherinformationtoanaircraftoperatororaircrew,byany
meansofcommunication.
(c) apilotadvisinganotherpilotaboutweatherconditionsobservedor
experienced.
3.11.3BWRarenotanalternativetothemeteorologicalinformation,
particularlymeteorologicalreportsthatarerequiredforthenormal
planningandconductofflights.
3.11.4AsupplierofaBWRdoesnotrequirecertificationunderCAR
Part174,butmustbetrainedtoprovidebasicweatherreports.People
providingBWRusingequipmenttomeasuremeteorologicalparametersare
requiredtoensuresuchequipmentisproperlycalibratedandmaintained.
3.11.5TheelementsallowableinBWRarerestrictedandmaycomprise
only:
(a) winddirection(degreesmagnetic)andstrength;
(b) meansealevelairpressure(QFF);
(c) airtemperature;and
(d) weatherconditionsandcloudcover.
D
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:29MAY14
GEN3.5-10 AIPNewZealand
3.12 RunwayVisualRange(RVR)
3.12.1InstrumentedRunwayVisualRange(IRVR)equipmenthasbeen
installedatAucklandInternationalairportonRWY05R/23Land
ChristchurchInternationalAirportonRWY02/20.Theequipmentconsists
ofthreetransmissometerslocatedadjacenttotheTouchdownzone(TDZ),
therunwayMid-point(MID)andtherunwayStop-end(END).Thisenables
ATCtoissuerunwayvisualrange(RVR)visibilityvaluesbasedontheuse
ofthisequipment.
VisibilityreportingusingRVR
3.12.2RVRwillbeusedtoreportvisibilityvalueslessthan1500minthe
followingsteps:
(a) 0to400min25msteps
(b) 400to800min50msteps
(c) 800to1500min100msteps
Anyobservedvaluethatdoesnotfitthereportingscalewillberounded
downtotheneareststeplowerinthescale.
3.12.3RVRisbroadcastontheATISandisadviseddirectlytothepilotby
TOWER,oronpilotrequestbyApproachCONTROL.Wheneverthe
observedRVRvaluesarelessthan1500m,allthreeRVRvalueswillbe
reported.
3.12.4TouchdownzoneRVRonlyisincludedinAucklandandChristchurch
METARAUTOreports.TheTouchdownzoneRVRwillbereportedwhenever
theobservedvalueislessthan1500m.
ATISbroadcastofRVR
3.12.5WhereonlytheTouchdownRVRvalueisbroadcastontheATIS,the
locationofthevalueisnotincluded,e.g.“RVR:650”.Whentwoorthree
RVRvaluesarebroadcast,theATISwillalwaysincludethelocationofeach
RVRvalue,e.g.“RVR:Touchdown650–Mid-point500–Stop-end550”
©CivilAviationAuthority
Effective:28MAY15