Gastro-esophageal Reflux in Childhood Problems of Splenic Surgery in Childhood PDF
Preview Gastro-esophageal Reflux in Childhood Problems of Splenic Surgery in Childhood
Progress in Pediatric Surgery Volume 18 Executive Editors W. Ch. Hecker· J. Prevot . L. Spitz· U. G. Stauffer Senior Editor P. P. Rickham Editors A. H. Bill, Seattle/USA J. Lister, Liverpool/England J. Boix-Ochoa, Barcelona/Spain N. A. Myers, Melbourne/Australia C. C. Ferguson, Winnipeg/Canada J.Prevot, Nancy/France R. K. Ghandi, Bombay/India P. P. Rickham, Zurich/Switzerland S. L. Gans, Los Angeles/USA F. Soave, Genova/Italy J. A. Haller, Baltimore/USA L. Spitz, London/Great Britain W. Ch. Hecker, Munich/FRG U. G. Stauffer, Zurich/Switzerland M. Kasai, Sendai/Japan P. Wurnig, Vienna/Austria O. Knutrud, Oslo/Norway Assistant Editor T. A. Angerpointner, Munich/FRG Gastro-esophageal Reflux in Childhood Problems of Splenic Surgery in Childhood Volume Editor P. Wurnig, Vienna With the Cooperation of I. KIos, Graz With 75 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo Primarius Professor Dr. PETER WURNIG Chirurgische Abteilung des Mautner Markhof'schen Kinderspitals der Stadt Wien Baumgasse 75, A-1030 Wien/Austria Dr. INGRID KLOS Universitatsklinik fUr Kinderchirurgie HeinrichstraBe 31, A-SOlO Graz/Austria Volumes 1-17 of this series were published by Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore-Munich ISBN-13: 978-3-642-70278-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-70276-1 DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-70276-1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Main entry under title: Gastro-esophageal reflux in chil dren; Problems of splenic surgery in childhood. (Progress in pediatric surgery; v.18) Includes index. 1. Gastro esophageal reflux in children. 2. Splenectomy in children-Complications and sequelae. I. Wurnig, Peter. II. Klos, I. III. Title: Gastro-esophageal reflux in childhood. IV. Title: Problems of splenic surgery in child hood. V. Series. [DNLM: 1. Gastroesophageal Reflux-in infancy & childhood. 2. Splenectomy-in infancy & childhood. 3. Splenic Diseases-in infancy & childhood. WI PR677KA v.18 1 WI 250 G2571 [RD137.AIP7 vol. 18] 617'98 s 85-2797 [RJ456.G33] [617'.548] ISBN-13:978-3-642-70278-5 (U.S.) This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is con cerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photo copying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1985 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1985 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a spe cific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. 212313130-543210 Foreword In 1968 the first contacts were arranged with the publishing house of Urban & Schwarzenberg concerning the establishment of a periodical to be produced in English with the aim of publishing important scientific work in pediatric surgery and related disciplines. I thought especially of certain excellent inaugural disser tations and theses. When Urban & Schwarzenberg promised to start such a series, I recruited Peter Rickham, then in Liverpool and now in Zurich, and Jean Prevot of Nancy as executive editors. We chose the title Progress in Pediatric Surgery - Fortschritte del' Kinderchirurgie - Acquisitions en Chirurgie Enfantile as the name of our new series. The first volume was published in 1970, followed by another 16 volumes during the next 14 years. At the suggestion of Michael Urban, we turned from the publication of long papers to theme-based volumes, which proved to be extraordinarily useful. Mr. Urban, the head of Urban & Schwarzenberg, told us in 1982 that his firm could no longer look after Progress in Pediatric Surgery. With the agreement of Mr. Urban, we had to look for another' publisher and found Springer-Verlag, who agreed to continue publishing Progress in Pediatric Surgery in the approved lay-out. We cordially thank Dietrich G6tze of Springer-Verlag for his helpful support. This volume (No. 18) is the first of Progress in Pediatric Surgery to appear under the guidance of Springer-Verlag. We want to express our thanks to Mr. Urban and Dr. Muller of Urban & Schwarzenberg for all of their help with Progress in Pediatric Surgery for 14 years. Furthermore, we want to express our thanks to Springer-Verlag and especially to Professor G6tze for taking over the publication of our pediatric surgical series. Professor Rickham retired from active executive editorship as of last year. However, he will be of further help to us as senior editor of Progress in Pediatric Surgery. We are pleased to have Urs Stauffer of Zurich and Lewis Spitz of London as new executive editors as well as Thomas Angerpointner of Munich as assistant editor. It is our aim to publish two or three pediatric surgical theme based volumes every 2 years. On behalf of the editors WALDEMAR CH. HECKER, Munich Preface The themes of gastroesophageal reflux and problems of splenic surgery were selected because the operative treatment of gastroesophageal reflux has been put on a completely new basis due to more recently developed methods of examina tion, such as pH monitoring and esophagomanometry. For many years it has been known that the effects of gastroesophageal reflux vary widely. Everything is pos sible, from harmless changes that heal spontaneously to Barrett's syndrome, where fatal complications and malignant degenerations have been observed. To bring clarity to the subject the attempt has been made to discuss the problems thoroughly. A similary weighty problem has become evident in recent years: following splenectomies there is a disposition to develop so-called overwhelming postsplenectomy infection. Things have become uncertain here, as well. View points must be revised and new methods found. In addition to using the known statistics and surveys from abroad, we have tried to clarify the situation in our own area with the help of collected statistics, which are discussed by the contributing authors. We hope in this way to be able to indicate a significant direction for future work. PETER WURNIG, Vienna Contents Part I: Gastroesophageal Reflux in Childhood Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Esophagus in Childhood. M. HOLL- WARTH and E. URAY. With 5 Figures .................. 1 Correlation Between Manometric and Roentgenologic Findings of Diseases of the Esophagus in Infants and Children. R. FOTIER, M. HOLLWARTH, and E. URAY. With 8 Figures .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14 Significance of Esophageal Manometry and Long-term pH Monitoring for the Evaluation of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infancy and Childhood. A. KocH, R. GASS, and M. BETIEx. With 6 Figures . . . . . . . . . .. 22 Progress in the Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Childhood: 24- Hour pH Monitoring. K.-P.ERBELDING, F.SIEMENS, and T.A.ANGER- POINTNER. With 5 Figures ........................ 32 Endoscopic Findings in Reflux Esophagitis in Childhood. H. D. JAEGER. With 2 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38 Morphological Findings in Peptic Esophageal Stenosis with Barrett's Ulcer in Children. P. WURNIG, R. KREPLER, and W. KOSAK. With 3 Figures .. 42 Combined Disturbance of Respiratory Regulation and Esophageal Function in Early Infancy. P. KURZ, M. HOLLWARTH, M. FASCHING, R. HAIDMAYER, K. P. PFEIFFER, and T. KENNER. With 3 Figures ............. 52 Esophageal Dysfunction and Bronchial Asthma. G. KJELLEN. With 2 Figures 62 Esophageal and Pulmonary Scintiscanning in Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children. D. BERGER, A. BISCHOF-DELALOYE, O. REIN BERG , and M. ROULET. With 5 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 68 Conservative Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Hiatus Hernia. J. P. GUGGENBICHLER and G. MENARDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 78 Gastroesophageal Reflux and Severe Mental Retardation. A. F. SCHARLI. With 2 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 84 Late Results After Operations for Hiatus Hernia. G. MENARDI, G. AUER, and P. EHRLICH. With 2 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91 To Nissen or Not to Nissen. A. F. SCHARLI. With 3 Figures . . . . . . . .. 96 Retroesophageal Hiatal Plasty and Gastropexy in the Treatment of Gastro esophageal Reflux with or Without Hiatus Hernia in Childhood. W. CH. HECKER. With 6 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 101 Small Bowel Esophagoplasty with Vascular Microanastomoses in the Neck for Treatment of Esophageal Burns in Childhood. J.PREVOT, M. LEPELLEY, and M. SCHMITI. With 8 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 108 x Contents Follow-up Examinations of Conservatively and Surgically Treated Children with Hiatus Hernia. U. A. BERNHARD and D. H. SHMERLING. With 2 Figures 118 Part II: Problems of Splenic Surgery in Childhood Immunological and Hematological Consequences of Deficient Function of the Spleen. W. H. HITZIG. With 3 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 132 Immunological Consequences of Splenectomy. M. EIBEL . . . . . . . . .. 139 Immunologic Status of Children After Splenectomy. L. NOAK, K. GDANIETZ, and G.MOLLER. With 1 Figure ..................... 146 Ultrasonic Diagnosis of the Spleen. V. HOFMANN. With 5 Figures ..... 150 Hematological and Oncological Indications for Splenectomy in Children. C. URBAN, M. HOLLWARTH, W. KAULFERSCH, and I. SLAVC . . . . . . .. 155 Selective Hemisplenectomy for Hodgkin's Disease. A. M. HOLSCHNEIDER, U. LOHRS, R. HAAS, R. DICKERHOFF, and W. GOLLMlTZER. With 1 Figure. 162 Experimental and Clinical Experience with the Different Possibilities of Preserving Splenic Tissue After Rupture of the Spleen. M. FELDMANN and M. NABER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 169 Incidence of Serious Infections After Splenectomy in Childhood. H. KONIGS- WIESER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 173 Problems in Spleen Autotransplantation: Comparative Study of Types of Implantation in Animal Experiments. H. ROTH and R. W ALDHERR. With 3 Figures ................................ 182 Subject Index 191 List of Contributors ANGERPOIN1NER, T.A., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitatskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspitai, LindwurmstraBe 4, D-8000 Munchen 2 AUER, G., Dr., Abteiiung fur Kinderchirurgie der 1. Universitatsklinik fur Chirur gie, AnichstraBe 35, A-6020 Innsbruck BERGER, D., Dozent Dr., Service de chirurgie pediatrique du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1011 Lausanne BERNHARD, U. A., Dr., Abteiiung fur Gastroenteroiogie der Universitats-Kinder kiinik, Steinwiesstraf3e 75, CH-8032 Zurich BETIEX, M., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik, Universitat Bern, Inseispitai, Freiburgstraf3e 15, CH-3010 Bern BISCHOF-DELALOYE, A., Dr., Service de chirurgie pediatrique du Centre Hospitaiier U niversitaire Vaudois, CH- 1011 Lausanne BRANDEIS, W. E., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Abteilung des Chirurgischen Zentrums der Universitat Heidelberg, 1m Neuenheimer Feld 110, D-6900 Heidelberg DICKERHOFF, R., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitatskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Lindwurmstraf3e 4, D-8000 Munchen 2 EHRLICH, P., Dr., Abteilung fur Kinderchirurgie der 1. U niversitatsklinik fur Chirurgie, AnichstraBe 35, A-6020 Innsbruck EIBL, Martha, Prof. Dr., Institut fur lmmunologie der Universitat Wien, Borschke gasse 8a, A-1090 Wi en ENGER, E., Dozent Dr., Rikshospitalet, Kirurgisk Storavdeling, Piledstredet 32, 0027 Oslo 1, Norwegen ERBELDING, K.-P., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitatskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Lindwurmstraf3e 4, D-8000 Munchen 2 ERNSTBRUNNER, T., Dr., Mautner Markhof'sches Kinderspital der Stadt Wien, Baumgasse 75, A-1030 Wien FASCHING, M., Dr., U niversitatsklinik fur Kinderchirurgie, HeinrichstraBe 31, A-80lO Graz XII List of Contributors FELDMANN, M., Dr., Chirurgische Klinik der Stadtischen Krankenanstalten Win terberg, D-6600 Saarbriicken FOTTER, R., Universitatsdozent Dr., Universitatsklinik fUr Radiologie, Auen bruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz GASS, R., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik, Universitat Bern, Inselspital, Freiburg straBe 15, CH-301O Bern GDANIETZ, K., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik im Stadtischen Klinikum Berlin-Buch, KarowerstraBe 11, DDR-1115 Berlin-Buch GHARIB, M., Dozent Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik im Stadtischen Kinderkran kenhaus, AmsterdamerstraBe 59, D-5000 Kaln 60 GHERARDINI, R., Dr., II. Chirurgische Universitatsklinik Wien, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Wien GOLLMITZER, W., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitatskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, LindwurmstraBe 4, D-8000 Miinchen 2 GUGGENBICHLER, J.P., Dozent Dr., Universitats-Kinderklinik, AnichstraBe 35, A-6020 Innsbruck HAAS, R., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitiitskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, LindwurmstraBe 4, D-8000 Miinchen 2 HAIDMAYER, R., Dr., Physiologisches Institut der Karl Franzens-Universitat, Harrachgasse 21, A-801O Graz HECKER, W.Ch., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Universitatskinderklinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, LindwurmstraBe 4, D-8000 Miinchen 2 HITZIG, H. W., Prof. Dr., Universitats-Kinderklinik Ziirich, SteinwiesstraBe 76, CH-8032 Ziirich HOLLWARTH, M., Prof. Dr., Universitatsklinik fUr Kinderchirurgie, Heinrich straBe 31, A-801O Graz HOFMANN, V., Dr., Kinderchirurgische Abteilung, St.Barbara Krankenhaus, BarbarastraBe 3-5, DDR-4020 Halle/Saale HOFMANN v. KAP.HERR, S., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Universitatsklinik Mainz, LangenbeckstraBe 1, D-6500 Mainz HOLSCHNEIDER, A. M., Prof. Dr., Kinderchirurgische Klinik am Stadtischen Kin derkrankenhaus Kaln, AmsterdamerstraBe 59, D-5000 Kaln 60 JAEGER, H.D., Dr., Universitatsklinik fiir Kinderchirurgie, Karl-Marx-Univer sitat Leipzig, OststraBe 21-25, DDR-7050 Leipzig KENNER, T., Dr., Physiologisches Institut der Karl Franzens-Universitiit, Harrach gasse 21, A-801O Graz
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