Gasdynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems. Proceedings of the 6th Colloquium Held in Stockholm, Sweden, 22–26 August 1977

753 Pages·1980·20.375 MB·English

by  A. K. Oppenheim (Eds.)

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GASDYNAMICS OF EXPLOSIONS
AND REACTIVE SYSTEMS
Proceedings of the 6th Colloquium
held in Stockholm, Sweden, 22-26 August 1977
Edited by
A. K. OPPENHEIM
University of California, Berkeley, Calif, USA
PERGAMON PRESS
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Copyright© 1980 Pergamon Press Ltd.
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First edition 1980
Reprinted 1980
ISBN 0 08 025442 X
Previously published as special issues of Ac tu Astro-
nautica Vol 5, Nos 11/12 and Vol 6, Nos 3/4 and 7/8
and supplied to subscribers as part of their subscription.
Printed in Great Britain by A. Wheaton & Co. Ltd., Exeter
Acta Astronautica Vol. 5, pp. 959-960 0094-5765/78/1101-0959/S02.00/0
© Pergamon Press Ltd., 1978. Printed in Great Britain
Preface
THE 6th Colloquium was held in Stockholm at the Royal Institute of Technology
on the 100th year of its existence. It attracted a record attendance of 229
participants, and 45 accompanying persons. The countries they represented were
as follows: Australia (2), Belgium (2), Canada (5), Czechoslovakia (1), West
Germany (18), France (46), Israel (6), Italy (4), Japan (4), The Netherlands (6),
Norway (6), Poland (4), Spain (5), Sweden (48), Switzerland (2), Syria (2), United
Kingdom (12), USA (49), USSR (6) and Yugoslavia (1).
The meeting was held under the auspices of the Royal Swedish Academy of
Sciences and the International Academy of Astronautics. The arrangements in
Stockholm were the responsibility of the Section of Detonation and Combustion
of the National Committee for Mechanics, in cooperation with the Swedish
Detonic Research Foundation. The organizing Committee was co-chaired by
Prof. S. B. Berndt, Dr. Jan Hansson and Dr. P. A. Persson, the latter carried the
executive responsibilities. Special thanks are due to the following members of
the Swedish scientific community: Mrs. B. Hargbäck, Messrs. Flaum, Gyldén,
Hörnqvist, Johansson, Lamnevic, Tillmark, Wahlborn and Wilton who very ably
took active and enthusiastic part in planning and implementing all the organiza-
tional tasks. The Swedish National Defense Research Institute (FOA) provided
generous support for this activity.
The scientific program included over one hundred papers. The social program
started with a traditional outdoor reception held in the courtyard of the Royal
Institute of Technology, included an excursion by boat through the beautiful
inner archipelago of Stockholm, and terminated with an elegant banquet at the
Operakällaren, in the center of Stockholm next to the Royal Palace.
The Colloquim received financial support from the following Swedish
companies and agencies: Kockums Shipyard, Kema Nord AB, Nitro Nobel AB,
Shell Raffinaden AB, Förenade Fabriksverken AB, Skandinaviska Enskilda
Banken, the Swedish Water Power Board, and the Swedish Board for Technical
Development; The Royal Institute of Technology provided the meeting facilities
for the Colloquium. The publication of papers has been made possible as a
consequence of grants received from the National Science Foundation (USA),
the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. Department of Defense. The latter
included contributions from the Department of the Army, thanks to the initiative
of Dr. R. F. Walker, Chief of the Explosive Laboratory, Feltman Research
Laboratories at Picatinny Arsenal; from the Department of the Navy, thanks to
Mr. J. Patton of the Office of Naval Research and to Dr. S. N. B. Murthy,
Director of Project SQUID; as well as from the Department of the Air Force,
thanks to Dr. B. T. Wolf son of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
Preparations for the Seventh Colloquium are underway. The meeting is
scheduled to take place on 20-24 August, 1979 in Göttingen, Germany under the
959
%0 Preface
chairmanship of Professor H. Gg. Wagner, Institute of Physical Chemistry,
University of Göttingen.
A. K. OPPENHEIM PER-ANDERS PERSSON
Executive Co-Chairman Executive Co-Chairman
Program Committee Organizing Committee
Ada Astronautica Vol. 5, pp. 961-970 0094-5765/78/1101-0961/S02.00/0
© Pergamon Press Ltd., 1978. Printed in Great Britain
List of papers presented
at the
Sixth International Colloquium
on
Gasdynamics of Explosions
and
Reactive Systems
22-26 August 1977, Stockholm, Sweden
Monday, 22 August 1977
8:30 am-9:30 am Opening Session
Chairman: P. A. Persson
8:30 am-9:00 am Opening Addresses
9:40am-12:30pm Session 1: Detonations; Gaseous Phase
Chairmen: J. Brossard and H. Gg. Wagner
The Quasi-Steady Shock-Deflagration Regime in Dissociated Detonation Waves.
D. H. Edwards, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, G. Hooper, Ministry
of Defence, ERDE, Waltham Abbey, J. M. Morgan, British Gas, Midlands
Research Station, Solihull and G. O. Thomas, University College of Wales,
Aberystwyth, England.
Initiation of Detonation by Flash Photolysis. R. Knystautas, J. H. Lee and N.
Yoshikawa, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Effect of Exothermic Reactions Downstream of the C-J Plane on Stability of
Detonations. B. A. Khasainov, B. S. Ermolaev, A. A. Borisov, A. I. Korotkov,
Institute of Chemical Physics, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow,
U.S.S.R.
961
962 List of papers presented
Etude de la Detonation de VAzoture d'Hydrogène et des Transferts de Chaleur
aux Parois Derrier le Front de l'Onde, dans les Tubes de Petit Diamètre. C.
Paillard, G. Dupre, R. Lisbet, J. Combourieu, Centre de Recherches sur la
Chimie de la Combustion, CNRS, Université d'Orleans, Orleans, France, V. P.
Fokeev and L. G. Gvozdeva, Institute of High Temperatures, U.S.S.R. Academy
of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R.
The Closed Theoretical Model of Detonation Cell. A. A. Vasiliev and Yu. A.
Nikolaev, Institute of Hydrodynamics, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Novosi-
birsk, U.S.S.R.
Initiation of Spherical Detonation in Hydrocarbon!Air Mixtures. D. C. Bull, J. E.
Elsworth and G. Hooper, ERDE, Waltham Abbey, England.
Detonation Waves Supported by Diffusion Flames—II. Numerical Results Ac-
cording to the Equivalent Chapman-Jouguet Condition. Y. Fujitsuna, Metro-
politan College of Aeronautical Engineering, Tokyo, Japan, S. Tsuge, Nielsen
Engineering and Research, Inc., Mountain View, California, and N. Oshima,
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
2:00 pm-6:00 pm Session 2: Explosions
Chairmen: E. F. Blase and N. Slagg
Explosion dans l'Air de Charges Spénques non Confinées de Mélanges Réactifs
Gazeux. D. Desbordes and N. Manson, ENSMA, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers,
France, J. Brossard, Université d'Orleans, Bourges, France.
The Ground Impulse Generated by a Plane Fuel-Air Explosion with Side Relief.
M. Sichel, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, and J. D. Foster,
U.S. Air Force Armaments Laboratory, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida.
On the Blast Waves Produced by Constant Velocity Combustion Waves. R. D.
Luckritz and R. A. Strehlow, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.
Shock and Blast Waves in Water Foams. A. A. Borisov, B. E. Gel'fand, V. M.
Kudinov, B. I. Palamarchuk, E. I. Timofeyev, V. V. Stepanov, S. V. Khomik,
Institute of Chemical Physics, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow,
U.S.S.R.
Influence of Flow-Perturbing Obstacles on the Development of Explosion. P.
Wolanski and S. Wojcicki, Technical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Initiation et Propagation dans l'Atmosphère d'une Onde d'Explosion Entretenue
par Laser COi en Amont d'une Surface Plane. Ph. Bournot, Ph. Pincosy, G.
List of papers presented 963
Inglesakis, M. Autric, D. Dufresne, J. P. Caressa, Institut de Mécanique des
Fluides de Marseille, France.
Development of Dynamical Methods for Cold Compression of Solid Explosives.
V. M. Titov, S. A. Bordsilovsky, V. V. Silvestrov, Institute of Hydrocynamics,
U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, U.S.S.R.
Initiation of Methane Ignitions due to the Detonation of Explosive Charges in
Shotholes. S. Nowara and J. Sobala, Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland.
Tuesday, 23 August 1977
8:00am-9:30am Session 3: Detonations; Condensed Phase
Chairmen: J. Enig and J. Hansson
Pulsating Detonation Front Nature. A. N. Dremin, Institute of Chemical
Kinetics, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R.
The Nature of Dark Waves in Liquid Homogeneous Explosives with Unstable
Detonation Front. A. N. Dremin and P. A. Persson, Institute of Chemical
Physics, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Moscow and Swedish Detonic
Research Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sensibilité du Nitromethane à une Onde de Choc Plane Présentant des Surpres-
sions Localisées a Répartition Contrôlée. C. Fauquignon, H. Moulard, Institut
Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis, France.
Theoretical Studies of Shock-Initiated Detonations. A. M. Karo, J. R. Hardy,
and F. E. Walker, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California,
Livermore, California.
Initiation and Detonation Studies in Sensitized Nitromethane. F. E. Walker,
Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, Cali-
fornia.
9:45 am-12:00 noon Session 4: Detonations; Heterogeneous Systems
Chairmen: C. Fauquignon and D. H. Edwards
Relation of Chemical and Physical Processes in Two-Phase Detonation. P. L.
Lu, N. Slagg, and B. D. Fishburn, Explosives Division, Feltman Research
Laboratory, Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, New Jersey.
964 List of papers presented
Formation et Structure des Détonations dans des Mousses Aqueses Renfermant
un Mélange de Propane et d'Oxygène. J. P. Saint-Cloud, C. Guerraud, M. Moreau
et N. Manson, ENSMA, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Cylindrical Heterogeneous Detonation Waves. Z. Gabrijel and J. A. Nicholls, The
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
A Model for Unconfined Spray Detonations. E. K. Dabora, The University of
Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
2:00pm-6:00pm Session 5: Turbulent Combustion
Chairmen: J. C. Ley er and R. F. Sawyer
Turbulent Combustion of a Propane-Air Mixture. M. Champion, ENSMA
Université de Poitiers, France, K. N. C. Bray and J. B. Moss, University of
Southampton, England.
Exact Forms of Turbulent Corrections to Transport Relations and Arrhenius
Laws with Application to One-Dimensional Turbulent Flame. S. Tsuge, Nielsen
Engineering and Research, Inc., Mountain View, California.
Investigations of Chemical Reactions in a Turbulent Media. E. S. Fishburne and
A. K. Varma, Aeronautical Research Associates of Princeton, Inc., Princeton,
New Jersey.
Heat Release Fluctuation Spectra in Several Turbulent Combustion Situations.
W. C. Strahle, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.
Noise Emission from Open Turbulent Flames: Comparison of Theory with
Experimental Results. A. K. Gupta and J. M. Beer, Sheffield University,
Sheffield, England.
Etude de la Combustion de Différent Matériaux Solides dans un Ecoulement
Turbulent: Modèle Théorique et Vérification Expérimentale. P. Joulain, M. M.
Most, B. Szted, and Y. Fuseau, ENSMA, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers,
France.
Prediction of Turbulent Diffusion Flames with a Four-Equation Turbulence
Model. W. Kolbe and W. Kollmann, Lehrstuhl fur Technische Thermodynamik,
Aachen, W. Germany.
An Experimental Study of Flame Turbulence. D. R. Ballai, School of Mechanical
Engineering, Cranfield Institute of Technology, Cranfield, Bedford, England.
List of papers presented 965
Experiences sur la Combustion Turbulente du Propane en Foyer Tubulaire. J. C.
Bellet, J. Merlin, P. Bauer, and T. Kageyama, ENSMA, Université de Poitiers,
Poitiers, France.
Flame Turbulence Studies. L. N. Wilson and E. S. Powell, Iowa State Uni-
versity, Ames, Iowa.
Sur la Turbulence dans les Flammes Prémélangées. J. Gökalp, CNRS, Labora-
toire d'Aerothermique, Meudon, France.
The Propagation of Flames in Tubes which are Partially Closed. J. H. Lee,
McGill University, Montreal, Canada, D. Pangritz and H. Gg. Wagner, Institut
fur Physikalische Chemie der Universität, Gottingen, W. Germany.
8:00 pm-11:00 pm Session 6: Discussions on Turbulent Combustion
Chairmen: M. Barrère and F. A. Williams
8:00-8:30
On the Joint Probability Density Function of Reactive Species in Turbulent
Combustion—A Theoretical Study. C. Bonniot and R. Borghi, ONERA, Chatil-
lon, France.
8:30-9:00
Effects of Finite Reaction Rate and Molecular Transport in Pre-Mixed Turbulent
Combustion. K. N. C. Bray and J. B. Moss, University of Southampton,
England, and P. A. Libby, University of California, San Diego, California.
9:00-11:00
Discussion
Discus sors:
R. W. Bilger University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
A. A. Boni Science Applications, Inc., La Jolla, California
P. Clavin Université de Provence Centre Saint Jerome, Marseille,
France
C. Dopazo Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, L. I., New York
R. B. Edelman Science Applications, Inc., Woodland Hills, California
W. Strahle Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
T. Takeno University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
E. E. Khalil Imperial College of Science and Technology, London,
England.