Gardner’s Art through the Ages The Western Perspective PDF
Preview Gardner’s Art through the Ages The Western Perspective
G a r d n e r ’ s ArT AGES through the Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. G a r d n e r ’ s Fred S. kleiner ArT AGES I I through e m the u l o V The WesTern PersPecTive Fourteenth edition Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Gardner’s Art through the Ages: © 2014, 2010, 2008 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning The Western Perspective, Fourteenth Edition, Volume II ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright Fred S. Kleiner herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web Publisher: Clark Baxter distribution, information networks, or information storage and re- Senior Development Editor: Sharon Adams Poore trieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission Assistant Editor: Ashley Bargende of the publisher. Editorial Assistant: Marsha Kaplan Brand Manager: Lydia LeStar For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Executive Marketing Communications Manager: Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 Jason LaChapelle For permission to use material from this text or product, Senior Content Project Manager: Lianne Ames submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions. Further permissions questions can be emailed to Senior Art Director: Cate Rickard Barr [email protected]. Print Buyer: Sandee Milewski Senior Rights Acquisition Specialist: Mandy Groszko Library of Congress Control Number: 2012942247 Production Service & Layout: Joan Keyes, Dovetail Student Edition, Volume II: Publishing Services ISBN-13: 978-1-133-95480-4 Text and Cover Designer: tani hasegawa ISBN-10: 1-133-95480-4 Cover Image: Sandro Botticelli, Primavera, ca. 1482. Tempera on wood, 6′ 8″ × 10′ 4″. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Italy. Credit: © Scala/Art Resource, NY Wadsworth Compositor: Thompson Type 20 Channel Center Street Boston, MA 02210 USA Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil and Japan. Locate your local office at international.cengage.com/region Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. For your course and learning solutions, visit www.cengage.com. Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com. Instructors: Please visit login.cengage.com and log in to access instructor-specific resources. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 16 15 14 13 12 Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Sandro Botticelli, Primavera, ca. 1482. Tempera on wood, 6′ 8″ × 10′ 4″. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence, Italy. t The Medici of Florence have become synonymous with the extraordinary cultural phenomenon called r the Italian Renaissance. The work of one of their favorite painters, Sandro Botticelli (1444–1510), is a testament to the intense interest that the Medici had in the art, literature, and mythology of the A Greco-Roman world. r Botticelli painted Primavera (Spring) for Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de’ Medici (1463–1503). Venus, e the goddess of love, stands just to the right of center with her son Cupid hovering above her head. To v the left are the dancing Three Graces. Although based closely on ancient prototypes, they are clothed instead of nude, albeit in thin, transparent garments. At the right, the blue ice-cold Zephyrus, the west o wind, is about to carry off and marry the nymph Chloris, whom he transforms into Flora, goddess of c spring, appropriately shown wearing a rich floral gown. At the far left, Mercury reaches up, perhaps to e dispel storm clouds. The sensuality of the representation, the appearance of Venus in springtime, and the abduction and marriage of Chloris all suggest the occasion for the painting was Lorenzo’s wedding h in May 1482. But the painting also sums up the Renaissance view that earthly love is compatible with t Christian theology: Venus as the source of love provokes desire through Cupid. Desire can lead either to lust and violence (Zephyr) or, through reason and faith (Mercury), to the love of God. t That we know Botticelli’s name and details of his career is not surprising, because it was during the u Renaissance that the modern notion of individual artistic genius took root. But in many periods of the o history of art, artists toiled in anonymity to fulfill the wishes of their patrons, whether Egyptian pha- b raohs, Roman emperors, or medieval monks. Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective surveys the A art of all periods of Western art from prehistory to the present and examines how artworks of all kinds have always reflected the historical contexts in which they were created. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Br i ef coN t eN t s Preface xv chapter 22 RoMAnTICISM, REALISM, IntroductIon PhoToGRAPhy: EuRoPE AnD WhAT IS ART hISToRy? 1 AMERICA, 1800 T o 1870 642 chapter 14 chapter 23 LATE MEDIEVAL ITALy 400 IMPRESSIonISM, PoST-IMPRESSIonISM, SyMBoLISM: EuRoPE AnD AMERICA, chapter 15 1870 To 1900 686 LATE MEDIEVAL AnD EARLy REnAISSAnCE noRThERn EuRoPE 422 chapter 24 MoDERnISM In EuRoPE AnD AMERICA, chapter 16 1900 To 1945 722 ThE REnAISSAnCE In QuATTRoCEnTo ITALy 446 chapter 25 MoDERnISM AnD PoSTMoDERnISM chapter 17 In EuRoPE AnD AMERICA, REnAISSAnCE AnD MAnnERISM In 1945 To 1980 786 CInQuECEnTo ITALy 486 chapter 26 chapter 18 ConTEMPoRARy ART WoRLDWIDE 828 hIGh REnAISSAnCE AnD MAnnERISM In noRThERn EuRoPE AnD SPAIn 532 Notes 862 chapter 19 Glossary 865 ThE BARoQuE In ITALy AnD SPAIn 556 BiBlioGraPhy 875 chapter 20 credits 884 ThE BARoQuE In noRThERn museum iNdex 889 EuRoPE 582 suBject iNdex 893 chapter 21 RoCoCo To nEo CLASSICISM: ThE 18Th CEnTuRy In EuRoPE AnD AMERICA 614 vii Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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