Gandhi and the Middle East: Jews, Arabs and Imperial Interests

212 Pages·2008·2.66 MB·English

by  Simone Panter-Brick

PREFACE
GANDHI AND THE
MIDDLE EAST
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GANDHI AND THE MIDDLE EAST
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PREFACE
GANDHI AND THE
MIDDLE EAST
Jews, Arabs and Imperial Interests
S P -B
IMONE ANTER RICK
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GANDHI AND THE MIDDLE EAST
Published in 2008 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd
6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU
175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010
www.ibtauris.com
In the United States of America and Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan
a division of St. Martin’s Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010
Copyright © 2008 Simone Panter-Brick
The right of Simone Panter-Brick to be identified as the author of this work has been
asserted by the author in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act
1988.
All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part
thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
ISBN: 978 1 84511 584 5
A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
A full CIP record is available from the Library of Congress
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: available
Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall
From camera-ready copy edited and supplied by the author
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PREFACE
Contents
List of Illustrations vii
Acknowledgements ix
Preface by Professor Wm. Roger Louis xi
1. Introduction: Focus on Palestine 1
1. The Enigma 5
2. Tree by Tree, Acre by Acre 11
3. Palestine to the Arabs 19
4. Briefing the Mahatma on Palestine 27
5. Palestine in 1936 39
6. The Offer of July 4th, 1937 53
7. The Relevance of the Indian Context of 1937 67
8. O Time, Suspend Your Flight 85
9. End of a Summer Dream 93
10. The Depressing Year 1938 103
11. The Two Palestines 113
12. A Pharaoh May Come That Knows Not Joseph 121
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GANDHI AND THE MIDDLE EAST
13. Disengagement 129
14. An Almost Insoluble Problem 141
14. Conclusion: A Love Affair in the Middle East 153
14. Envoy: The Rose, the Lily, the Lilac and the Lotus 161
Document 1: The Jews, Harijan, November 26, 1938 163
Document 2: Jews and Palestine, Harijan, July 21, 1946 169
Notes 171
Bibliography 183
Index 189
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PREFACE
List of Illustrations
MAP 1: Zones of British and French influence as agreed
in 1916 (Sykes-Picot Agreement). Map adapted from
The Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of
International Affairs. xv
MAP 2: Palestine in 1937. Map adapted from Martin
Gilbert (2005) The Routledge Atlas of the Arab-Israeli
Conflict. xvii
FIGURE 1: Pyarelal (centre), Gandhi’s secretary, with the
Mahatma and Madeleine Slade (known as Mirabehn,
Gandhi’s ‘adopted daughter’), at the time of the Round
Table Conference in London, 1931. 17
FIGURE 2: Hermann Kallenbach and Gandhi (front row)
in 1910, at Tolstoy Farm, bought by Kallenbach during
the South African Satyagraha Campaign (1906-1914). 35
FIGURE 3: Gandhi, Nehru and Azad, at Segaon in August
1935. They were the three Indian mediators envisaged
for the July 1937 Project. 61
FIGURE 4: Gandhi and Jinnah in discussion, November
1939, before the demand of the Muslim League for an
independent state of Pakistan. 89
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GANDHI AND THE MIDDLE EAST
FIGURE 5: Mahatma Gandhi and the Frontier Gandhi,
Abdul Ghaffar Khan, on a mountain walk during the
Mahatma’s revigorating stay in the North-West Frontier
Province, October 1938. 111
FIGURE 6: C.F. Andrews, the fifth mediator enrolled in
July 1937, relaxing in Gandhi’s ashram in 1939. 133
FIGURE 7: Certificate of Gandhi’s admission to the Inner
Temple, authorizing him to practise at the Bar on the 10th
of June 1891. 148
Reproduced with permission
Copyright holders:
PASSIA (The Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of
International Affairs) (Map 1)
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group (Map 2)
GandhiServe Foundation (Figures 1–7)
Navajivan Trust (Documents 1–2)
A very comprehensive collection of photographs of Mahatma
Gandhi was edited by Peter Rühe (2001).
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PREFACE
Acknowledgements
This book has benefited from the academic and professional
skills of various members of my family, for which I thank them
with all my heart.
In Your Love
My Roots
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