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GameTheory:AVeryShortIntroduction VERYSHORTINTRODUCTIONSareforanyonewantingastimulating andaccessiblewayintoanewsubject.Theyarewrittenbyexperts,andhave beenpublishedinmorethan25languagesworldwide. Theseriesbeganin1995,andnowrepresentsawidevarietyoftopicsin history,philosophy,religion,science,andthehumanities.Overthenext fewyearsitwillgrowtoalibraryofaround200volumes–aVeryShort IntroductiontoeverythingfromancientEgyptandIndianphilosophyto conceptualartandcosmology. VeryShortIntroductionsavailablenow: AFRICANHISTORY THEHISTORYOF JohnParkerandRichardRathbone ASTRONOMY MichaelHoskin AMERICANPOLITICAL ATHEISM JulianBaggini PARTIESAND AUGUSTINE HenryChadwick ELECTIONS L.SandyMaisel BARTHES JonathanCuller THEAMERICAN BESTSELLERS JohnSutherland PRESIDENCY CharlesO.Jones THEBIBLE JohnRiches ANARCHISM ColinWard THEBRAIN MichaelO’Shea ANCIENTEGYPT IanShaw BRITISHPOLITICS ANCIENTPHILOSOPHY AnthonyWright JuliaAnnas BUDDHA MichaelCarrithers ANCIENTWARFARE BUDDHISM DamienKeown HarrySidebottom BUDDHISTETHICS ANGLICANISM MarkChapman DamienKeown THEANGLO-SAXONAGE CAPITALISM JamesFulcher JohnBlair THECELTS BarryCunliffe ANIMALRIGHTS DavidDeGrazia CHAOS LeonardSmith Antisemitism StevenBeller CHOICETHEORY ARCHAEOLOGY PaulBahn MichaelAllingham ARCHITECTURE CHRISTIANART AndrewBallantyne BethWilliamson ARISTOTLE JonathanBarnes CHRISTIANITY LindaWoodhead ARTHISTORY DanaArnold CLASSICS MaryBeardand ARTTHEORY CynthiaFreeland JohnHenderson CLASSICALMYTHOLOGY THEELEMENTS PhilipBall HelenMorales EMOTION DylanEvans CLAUSEWITZ MichaelHoward EMPIRE StephenHowe THECOLDWAR ENGELS TerrellCarver RobertMcMahon ETHICS SimonBlackburn CONSCIOUSNESS THEEUROPEANUNION SusanBlackmore JohnPinder CONTEMPORARYART EVOLUTION JulianStallabrass BrianandDeborahCharlesworth CONTINENTALPHILOSOPHY EXISTENTIALISM ThomasFlynn SimonCritchley FASCISM KevinPassmore COSMOLOGY PeterColes FEMINISM MargaretWalters THECRUSADES THEFIRSTWORLDWAR ChristopherTyerman MichaelHoward CRYPTOGRAPHY FOSSILS KeithThomson FredPiperandSeanMurphy FOUCAULT GaryGutting DADAANDSURREALISM THEFRENCHREVOLUTION DavidHopkins WilliamDoyle DARWIN JonathanHoward FREEWILL ThomasPink THEDEADSEASCROLLS FREUD AnthonyStorr TimothyLim FUNDAMENTALISM DEMOCRACY BernardCrick MaliseRuthven DESCARTES TomSorell GALILEO StillmanDrake DESIGN JohnHeskett Gametheory KenBinmore DINOSAURS DavidNorman GANDHI BhikhuParekh DOCUMENTARYFILM GEOPOLITICS KlausDodds PatriciaAufderheide GLOBALCATASTROPHES DREAMING J.AllanHobson BillMcGuire DRUGS LeslieIversen GLOBALIZATION THEEARTH MartinRedfern ManfredSteger ECONOMICS ParthaDasgupta GLOBALWARMING EGYPTIANMYTH MarkMaslin GeraldinePinch THEGREATDEPRESSION EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ANDTHENEWDEAL BRITAIN PaulLangford EricRauchway HABERMAS MACHIAVELLI QuentinSkinner JamesGordonFinlayson THEMARQUISDESADE HEGEL PeterSinger JohnPhillips HEIDEGGER MichaelInwood MARX PeterSinger HIEROGLYPHS PenelopeWilson MATHEMATICS HINDUISM KimKnott TimothyGowers HISTORY JohnH.Arnold MEDICALETHICS TonyHope HOBBES RichardTuck MEDIEVALBRITAIN HUMANEVOLUTION JohnGillinghamand BernardWood RalphA.Grifﬁths HUMANRIGHTS MODERNART DavidCottington AndrewClapham MODERNIRELAND HUME A.J.Ayer SeniaPašeta IDEOLOGY MichaelFreeden MOLECULES PhilipBall INDIANPHILOSOPHY MUSIC NicholasCook SueHamilton MYTH RobertA.Segal INTELLIGENCE IanJ.Deary NATIONALISM StevenGrosby INTERNATIONAL THENEWTESTAMENTAS MIGRATION KhalidKoser LITERATURE KyleKeefer INTERNATIONAL NEWTON RobertIliffe RELATIONS PaulWilkinson NIETZSCHE MichaelTanner ISLAM MaliseRuthven NINETEENTH-CENTURY JOURNALISM IanHargreaves BRITAIN ChristopherHarvie JUDAISM NormanSolomon andH.C.G.Matthew JUNG AnthonyStevens NORTHERNIRELAND KABBALAH JosephDan MarcMulholland KAFKA RitchieRobertson PARTICLEPHYSICS FrankClose KANT RogerScruton PAUL E.P.Sanders KIERKEGAARD PatrickGardiner PHILOSOPHY EdwardCraig THEKORAN MichaelCook PHILOSOPHYOFLAW LINGUISTICS PeterMatthews RaymondWacks LITERARYTHEORY PHILOSOPHYOFSCIENCE JonathanCuller SamirOkasha LOCKE JohnDunn PHOTOGRAPHY SteveEdwards LOGIC GrahamPriest PLATO JuliaAnnas POLITICS KennethMinogue SCHIZOPHRENIA POLITICAL ChrisFrithandEveJohnstone PHILOSOPHY DavidMiller SCHOPENHAUER POSTCOLONIALISM ChristopherJanaway RobertYoung SHAKESPEARE GermaineGreer POSTMODERNISM SIKHISM EleanorNesbitt ChristopherButler SOCIALANDCULTURAL POSTSTRUCTURALISM ANTHROPOLOGY CatherineBelsey JohnMonaghanandPeterJust PREHISTORY ChrisGosden SOCIALISM MichaelNewman PRESOCRATICPHILOSOPHY SOCIOLOGY SteveBruce CatherineOsborne SOCRATES C.C.W.Taylor PSYCHOLOGY THESPANISHCIVILWAR GillianButlerandFredaMcManus HelenGraham PSYCHIATRY TomBurns SPINOZA RogerScruton QUANTUMTHEORY STUARTBRITAIN JohnMorrill JohnPolkinghorne TERRORISM CharlesTownshend RACISM AliRattansi THEOLOGY DavidF.Ford THERENAISSANCE THEHISTORYOFTIME JerryBrotton LeofrancHolford–Strevens RENAISSANCEART TRAGEDY AdrianPoole GeraldineA.Johnson THETUDORS JohnGuy ROMANBRITAIN PeterSalway TWENTIETH-CENTURY THEROMANEMPIRE BRITAIN KennethO.Morgan ChristopherKelly THEVIKINGS JulianRichards ROUSSEAU RobertWokler WITTGENSTEIN A.C.Grayling RUSSELL A.C.Grayling WORLDMUSIC RUSSIANLITERATURE PhilipBohlman CatrionaKelly THEWORLDTRADE THERUSSIANREVOLUTION ORGANIZATION S.A.Smith AmritaNarlikar Availablesoon: Expressionism Memory JonathanFoster KaterinaReed–Tsocha ModernChina Galaxies JohnGribbin RanaMitter Geography JohnMatthewsand NuclearWeapons DavidHerbert JosephM.Siracusa GermanLiterature Quakerism PinkDandelion NicholasBoyle Scienceand HIV/AIDS AlanWhiteside Religion ThomasDixon TheMeaningofLife Sexuality TerryEagleton VéroniqueMottier Formoreinformationvisitourwebsite www.oup.co.uk/general/vsi/ KenBinmore Game Theory A Very Short Introduction 1 1 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxfordox26dp OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwidein Oxford NewYork Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto Withofﬁcesin Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress intheUKandincertainothercountries PublishedintheUnitedStates byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork (cid:1)c KenBinmore2007 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker) FirstPublishedasaVeryShortIntroduction2007 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress, orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate reprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment, OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover andyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Dataavailable ISBN978–0–19–921846–2 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,India PrintedinGreatBritain onacid-freepaperby AshfordColourPressLtd,Gosport,Hampshire To PeterandNina