Galen and the Early Moderns PDF
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International Archives of the History of Ideas 236 Archives internationales d'histoire des idées Matteo Favaretti Camposampiero Emanuela Scribano Editors Galen and the Early Moderns International Archives of the History of Ideas ’ Archives internationales d histoire des idées Volume 236 FoundingDirector PaulDibon RichardH.Popkin FormerDirector SarahHutton,UniversityofYork,York,UK Director GuidoGiglioni,UniversityofMacerata,Italy AssociateDirector JohnChristianLaursen,UniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,CA,USA EditorialBoardMembers MichaelJ.B.Allen,UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,LosAngeles,USA Jean-RobertArmogathe,ÉcolePratiquedesHautesÉtudes,Paris,France StephenClucas,Birkbeck,UniversityofLondon,London,UK JavierFernándezSebastián,UniversidaddelPaísVasco,Bilbao,Spain PeterHarrison,TheUniversityofQueensland,Brisbane,Australia JohnHenry,ScienceStudiesUnit,UniversityofEdinburgh,Edinburgh,UK JoséR.MaiaNeto,UniversityofBeloHorizonte,BeloHorizonte,Brazil MartinMulsow,UniversitätErfurt,Gotha,Germany GianniPaganini,UniversityofEasternPiedmont,Vercelli,Italy JeremyPopkin,UniversityofKentucky,Lexington,KY,USA JohnRobertson,ClareCollege,Cambridge,UK G.A.J.Rogers,KeeleUniversity,Keele,UK AnnThomson,EuropeanUniversityInstitute(EUI),Florence,Italy TheoVerbeek,UniversiteitUtrecht,Utrecht,Utrecht,TheNetherlands KoenVermeir,ParisDiderotUniversity,Paris,France InternationalArchivesoftheHistoryofIdeas/Archivesinternationalesd’histoiredes idéesisaserieswhichpublishesscholarlyworksonthehistoryofideasinthewidest sense of the word. It covers history of philosophy, science, political and religious thought and other areas in the domain of intellectual history. The chronological scope of the series extends from the Renaissance to the Post-Enlightenment. Founded in 1963 by R.H. Popkin and Paul Dibon, the International Archives of theHistoryofIdeas/Archivesinternationalesd’histoiredesidéespublishes,editsand translates sources that have been either unknown hitherto, or unavailable, and publishesnewresearchinintellectualhistory,andnewapproacheswithinthefield. Therangeofrecentvolumesintheseriesincludesstudiesonskepticism,astrobiol- ogyintheearlymodernperiod,aswellastranslationsandeditionsoforiginaltexts, such as the Treatise of the Hypochondriack and Hysterick Diseases (1730) by BernardMandeville. All books to be published in this Series will be fully peer-reviewed before final acceptance. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttps://link.springer.com/bookseries/5640 (cid:129) Matteo Favaretti Camposampiero Emanuela Scribano Editors Galen and the Early Moderns Editors MatteoFavarettiCamposampiero EmanuelaScribano DepartmentofPhilosophyandCultural DepartmentofPhilosophyandCulturalHeritage Heritage Ca’FoscariUniversityofVenice Ca’FoscariUniversityofVenice Venice,Italy Venice,Italy ISSN0066-6610 ISSN2215-0307 (electronic) InternationalArchivesoftheHistoryofIdeasArchivesinternationalesd’histoiredesidées ISBN978-3-030-86307-4 ISBN978-3-030-86308-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86308-1 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Acknowledgments Some of the papers collected in this volume were originally presented at the conference on ‘Galen and the Early Moderns’ that took place on 25–26 October 2018 in the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Heritage at the Ca’ Foscari UniversityofVenice. We are grateful to two anonymous Springer referees for a number of valuable comments and suggestions. A special thank you to Guido Giglioni for supporting ourpublicationproject. July2021 MatteoFavarettiCamposampiero EmanuelaScribano v Contents 1 Introduction:PhilosophicalandMedicalGalenisms. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 MatteoFavarettiCamposampieroandEmanuelaScribano 2 ReadingGalen’sDeNaturalibusFacultatibus intheEarlyModernPeriod. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 9 GuidoGiglioni 3 GalenicCausationintheTheoreticalandPractical MedicineofGiambattistaDaMonte. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 CraigMartin 4 IntheBeginningWasthePlant:ThePlant-AnimalContinuity intheEarlyModernMedicalReceptionofGalen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 FabrizioBaldassarri 5 GalenicHeritageinLocke’sMedicalPhilosophy:FromLocke’s MedicalRemainstoHisReflectiononEducation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 ClaireCrignon 6 GalenasaSourceforNaturalTheologyinEarly ModernBritishPhilosophy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 BrunelloLotti 7 TheUseofParts:MechanismVersusGalen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 EmanuelaScribano 8 DivineOrgans?Leibniz’s‘HymntoGalen’andtheBest ofAllPossibleBodies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 RaphaëleAndrault 9 ChristianWolff’sMechanizationofGalen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 MatteoFavarettiCamposampiero vii viii Contents 10 Galen’sContributiontotheHistoryofMaterialism. . . . . . . . . . . . 175 CharlesT.Wolfe 11 SelbstdenkenandEclecticPhilosophy:GalenintheLate GermanEnlightenment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 TincaPrunea-Bretonnet Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Contributors RaphaëleAndrault isresearcherattheCNRS,basedattheInstitutd’histoiredes representationsetdesidéesdanslesmodernités(IHRIMUMR5317)attheENSde Lyon.Sheworksmainlyonthemind-bodyprobleminearlymodernphilosophy,life sciences, and medicine. She is the author of La vie selon la raison. Physiologie et métaphysique chez Spinoza et Leibniz (Champion, 2014) and La raison des corps. Mécanismeetsciences médicales(Vrin, 2016).Shehaspublishedacritical edition of Steno’s Discours sur l’anatomie du cerveau (Classiques Garnier, 2009) and co-edited several volumes in this field of research. She is currently supervising a researchprojectonthenotionof‘corporealpain’(mainly,butnotexclusively,inthe seventeenthcentury). FabrizioBaldassarri, PhD,currentlyholdsaMarieSkłodowskaCuriefellowship attheCa’FoscariUniversityofVeniceandBloomingtonIndianaUniversity,witha projectonplantsinearlymodernnaturalphilosophy.Hecompletedresearchprojects at Bucharest University and HAB in Wolfenbüttel, and he was recipient of the Kristeller-Popkin fellowship of the Journal for the History of Philosophy, postdoc fellow at Bar-Ilan University in Tel Aviv, and DAAD postdoc fellow at Gotha Research Centre. Fabrizio co-edited severalspecial issues as wellas volumes such asVegetativePowers(2021)andScientiaeintheHistoryofMedicine(2021).Hehas widely published, especially on Descartes’s naturalistic studies and on the early modern natural studies of plants, in Historia Philosophica, Rivista di storia della filosofia,EarlyScienceandMedicine,theBritishJournalfortheHistoryofScience, andPerspectivesonScience.HehaspublishedabookonDescartes’smedicine. Claire Crignon was trained at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (1993–1998) and passed the Agrégation in 1996. In 2014, she defended a habilitation dissertation entitled ‘Observing man in sickness: Medicine and philosophy of human nature during the Early Modern period’. She is senior lecturer in the history of British philosophy and in the philosophy of medicine at the Sorbonne University. She is ix x Contributors co-directing(withAlexandreEscargueil)atransversalresearchclusterinbiomedical humanities (https://humanites-biomedicales.sorbonne-universite.fr). Claire has published several monographs and collective books in the field of history and philosophyofbiologyandmedicine:Lockemédecin:manuscritssurl’artmédical, Paris, Garnier, 2016; Médecins et philosophes: une histoire, with David Lefebvre, Paris, CNRS éditions, 2019. She is preparing a book with Julie Cheminaud on the Dupuytrencollections(SorbonneUniversitéPresses,tobepublishedin2022). Matteo Favaretti Camposampiero is Associate Professor in the Department of PhilosophyandCulturalHeritageattheCa’FoscariUniversityofVenice(Italy).His researchfocusesonearlymodernphilosophyfromDescartestoKantwithaspecial interest in metaphysics, logic, rational theology, the philosophy of biology and medicine, the mind-body problem, and the theories of knowledge, language, and modalities. His publications include two books, Filum cogitandi: Leibniz e la conoscenzasimbolica(Milan:Mimesis,2007)andConoscenzasimbolica:Pensiero e linguaggio in Christian Wolff e nella prima età moderna (Hildesheim: Olms, 2009), six co-edited volumes, and several papers on Leibniz, Wolff, their sources, and their influence. Recent journal articles: ‘Machines of Nature and Machines of Art: Christian Wolf’s Reception of Leibniz’, Rivista di Storia della Filosofia (2019);‘MereologyandMathematics:ChristianWolff’sFoundationalProgramme’, British Journal for the History of Philosophy (2019); ‘Infinite Regress: Wolff’s CosmologyandtheBackgroundofKant’sAntinomies’,Kant-Studien(2021). GuidoGiglioni isAssociateProfessorofHistoryofPhilosophyattheUniversityof Macerata,Italy.Hisresearchconcentratesontheinterplayoflifeandimaginationin the early modern period, a subject on which he has written and edited several contributions. His publications include two books on, respectively, Jan Baptista vanHelmont(Milan,2000)andFrancisBacon(Rome,2011). BrunelloLotti isAssociateProfessorofHistoryofPhilosophyattheUniversityof Udine(Italy).Hisresearchinterestsfocusontherelationsamongnaturalphilosophy, metaphysics and theology in early modern philosophy, including the history of Platonism; and the reception of Cartesian scepticism and mechanicism. He is the author of the monographs Ralph Cudworth e l’idea di natura plastica (2004) andL’iperboledeldubbio.LoscetticismocartesianonellafilosofiainglesetraSeie Settecento(2010).HecoeditedScienzaeteologiafraSeicentoeOttocento.Studiin memoria di Maurizio Mamiani (2006) and Eredità cartesiane nella cultura britannica (2011). His articles and essays coverseveral authorsand topics, mainly in early modern British philosophy, from the Cambridge Platonists to Locke and Berkeley. CraigMartin isAssociateProfessorofHistoryofScienceandTechnologyatCa’ Foscari University, Venice. He is the author of Renaissance Meteorology: Pomponazzi to Descartes (2011) and Subverting Aristotle: Religion, History, and Philosophy in Early Modern Science (2014), and he translated Girolamo
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