Future Multilateralism: The Political and Social Framework

332 Pages·1999·17.881 MB·English

by  Michael G. Schechter (eds.)

FUTURE MULTILATERALISM
MULTILATERALISM AND THE UN SYSTEM
Programme Coordinator for the United Nations University
Robert W. Cox, Professor Emeritus of Political Science, York University,
Ontario
Published within the International Political Economy Series,
General Editor: Timothy M. Shaw, Professor of Political Science and
International Development Studies, and Director of the Centre for Foreign
Policy Studies, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia
Titles in this subseries include:
Robert W. Cox (editor)
THE NEW REALISM: Perspectives on Multilateralism and World Order
Stephen Gill (editor)
GLOBALIZATION, DEMOCRATIZATION AND MULTILATERALISM
Michael G. Schechter (editor)
FUTURE MULTILATERALISM: The Political and Social Framework
INNOVATION IN MULTILATERALISM
International Political Economy Series
Series Standing Order ISBN 978-0-333-71110-1
(outside North America only)
You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order.
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Future Multilateralism
The Political and Social Framework
Edited by
Michael G. Schechter
Professor of International Relations
James Madison College
Michigan State University
East Lansing
Michigan
palgrave
Palgrave Macmillan
macmillan
*
© The United Nations University 1999
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1999
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DOI10.1007/978-1-349-27153-5
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Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgements ix
List of Tables x
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xi
Notes on the Contributors XlV
1 Editor's Introduction 1
Michael G. Schechter
PART I: Security Issues 13
2 From Civil War to Civil Peace: Multi-track
Solutions to Armed Conflict 15
Kumar Rupesinghe
3 Multilateral Security: Common, Cooperative or
Collective? 43
Raimo Viiyrynen
PART II: Economy and Ecology 71
4 Back to Heterodox Questions: Progress with
Regress through Competition 73
Javier 19uiiiiz-Echeverria
5 A Signal Failure: Ecology and Economy after
the Earth Summit 101
Peter Harries-Jones, Abraham Rotstein and
Peter Timmerman
6 Environmental Rights, Multilateralism, Morality
and the Ecology 136
Tariq Osman Hyder
PART III: Human Rights and Participation 151
7 The Quest for Human Rights in an Era of
Globalization 153
Richard F alk
v
VI Contents
8 Globalization, Multilateralism and the Shrinking
Democratic Space 179
Claude Ake
9 High-Speed Growth, Crisis and Opportunity in
East Asia 196
Walden Bello
PART IV: Representation and Acconntability 253
10 Engineering Space in Global Governance: the
Emergence of Civil Society in Evolving 'New'
Multilateralism 255
W. Andy Knight
11 Multilateralism from Below: a Prerequisite for
Global Governance 292
Marie-Claude Smouts
Books and Articles Published (or to be Published)
through MUNS 312
Tables of Contents of Titles in MUNS Subseries 313
Index of Names 317
Index of Subjects 318
Preface
The essays in this volume are part of the MUNS (Multilateralism
and the United Nations System) programme which evolved during
the first half of the decade of the 1990s under the intellectual steward
ship of Robert W. Cox of York University in Toronto. The pro
gramme, whose scholarship has articulated a commitment to greater
social equity, greater diffusion of power among countries and social
groups, protection of the biosphere, moderation and non-violence
in dealing with conflict, and mutual recognition of the values of
different civilizations, was generously supported by the United Nations
University. Takeo Uchida, then senior academic officer at the UNU,
served as the programme's key administrative and intellectual leader
there.
This particular volume, the final one to be written in the MUNS
programme, grew out of a symposium organized by UNU and the
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Socialese - Program a Costa
Rica (FLACSO, Costa Rica). Our host, Rafael Menjivar, and his
very capable assistant, Abelardo Morales, worked very hard to en
sure that it was an intellectually stimulating two days for all who
participated.
In addition to the papers in this volume, which were presented
in draft form in San Jose, we also provided each participant with a
background paper or 'Guide for paper writers', authored by Robert
W. Cox. Unfortunately, two of the papers that we had commis
sioned for the symposium could not be written, as the press of
events in the authors' respective countries prevented them from
writing them. These were to be by Xavier Gorostiga (Rector of
the University of Central America) on multilateralism and democ
racy in Central America and by Pino Arlacchi (Vice President of
the Italian Senate) on transnational criminal organizations and
networks.
Each of the papers at the symposium was carefully read and
critiqued by one or two scholars selected for those papers. The
volume is considerably improved as a consequence of these efforts.
For this activity we turned to coordinators of prior MUNS sym
posia as well as a number of Costa Rican scholars. In this capacity,
we are indebted to Manual Aaraya (of FLACSO, Costa Rica), Robert
vii
Vlll Preface
w. Cox (York University, Toronto), Stephen Gill (York Univer
sity, Toronto), Keith Krause (Graduate Institute of International
Studies, Geneva), Daniel Masis (Universidad de Costa Rica),
Abelardo Morales (FLACSO, Costa Rica), Yoshikazu Sakamoto
(Peace Research Institute and International Christian University,
Tokyo), J. Pat Sewell (Brock University, Canada), Luis Guillermo
Solls (Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Costa Rica), Joaquin
Tacsan (Center of Peace, Fundaci6n Arias para la Paz y el Desarrollo
Humano, Costa Rica), and Takeo Uchida (Chuo University, Tokyo).
Finally, appreciation is expressed to Tim Shaw, general editor of
the International Political Economy series of Macmillan, whose
creative idea of a MUNS subseries we eagerly embraced and whose
patience we sincerely appreciate as we revised and re-revised the
efforts of this truly interdisciplinary, multinational undertaking.
Subsequent to the symposium, tragedy struck two of our partici
pants. Both Claude Ake and Joaquin Tacsan were killed in a plane
crash in Nigeria on 6 November 1996. The entire international
community has suffered tremendously from their deaths; their su
perb contributions to our symposium and this volume are illustra
tive of their central role in the study and practice of multilateralism.
Acknowledgements
The work of many people went into the preparation of this book
and the San Jose, Costa Rica, symposium on which it is based.
Pre-eminent among them is Robert W. Cox, the intellectual stew
ard of the MUNS programme. He assisted in shaping the key ques
tions for the symposium and identifying some of the principal
participants, authors and commentators. Takeo Uchida, formerly
of the United Nations University, assisted both with logistics in
Tokyo and intellectually in San Jose. Moreover, the symposium never
would have been possible without the help of Abelardo Morales,
of FLASCO, Costa Rica.
I also wish to express my appreciation to the faculty, staff and
administration of James Madison College of Michigan State Uni
versity for providing me time and support in bringing this book to
completion. Particular mention needs to be made of Donna
Hofmeister, who processed countless versions of these chapters and
sent innumerable faxes around the globe, first trying to ensure that
everyone arrived in San Jose on time and subsequently chasing down
citations. Timothy M. Shaw, the editor of Macmillan's International
Political Economy Series, has proven to be a model of patience,
support and persistence, essential qualities for a successful series
editor.
Finally, this work would not have been possible without the love
and support of my wife of over three decades, Ilene R. Schechter.
Michael G. Schechter
ix