Future Directions for Space Transportation and Propulsion at NASA

3.6 MB·English

by  Sackheim, Robert L

Future Directions for Space
Transportation and Propulsion
at NASA
5th International Symposium on Liquid Space Propulsion
Long-Life Combustion Devices Technology
Chattanooga, TN
October 27-30, 2003
Robert L. Sackheim
Assistant Director and
Chief Engineer for Propulsion
NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
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The NASA Mission:
The NASA Mission:
To understand and protect our home planet,
To explore the universe and search for life,
To inspire the next generation of explorers . . .
. . . as only NASA can.
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MSFC’s Heritage – Complex Programs
Requiring a Strong Systems Engineering Focus
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Stepping Stones Overlay on
Space Transportation Regimes
Robotic, near Sun
R4
Human,
Inner Planets
Civil Robotic, R5
LEO to Inner Planets
Human,
Human, R2
Outer Planets
HEO to
R7
Lunar
Human
R3
LEO
R1
Robotic,
Outer Planets
R6
Robotic, Beyond Planets
R8
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Regime Descriptors and Needs
R1 Human Earth ISS and other near-Earth Frequent access; safety; medium
Orbit missions cargo; reduced cost
R2 Robotic LEO to Earth & space observation; State of art mainly OK; reduced cost;
near planets planetary science; sample higher reliability; landing & ascent
return systems
R3 Human HEO and Missions in cislunar space Medium space transfer/cargo,
lunar & lunar surface and basing landing, safety, reduced cost
R4 Robotic near-Sun Mercury, solar probes, High delta V, reduced cost, ETO
solar polar state of art OK
R5 Human near Mars and Mars surface, Increased lift to LEO, heavy space
planets asteroids, exploration and transfer, short trip time, reduced
basing cost, safety, artificial g
R6 Robotic outer Orbiters, probes, landers, Reduced trip time, high/very high
planets sample return delta V, nuclear electric power,
reduced cost, ETO state of art OK
R7 Human outer To Jupiter and Saturn Fast trips, very high delta V, heavy
planets moons, landing, return space transfer, nuclear power
R8 Robotic beyond Kuiper belt, Oort cloud, Very/extremely high delta V, nuclear
planetary system interstellar medium electric power
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End-to-End Regimes Capture
Mission Requirements
Equal emphasis over all Regimes favors NASA-Wide Propulsion Requirements
R5 RR77
R1 R2 R3 R4 RR66 RR88
In-Space Transportation
Cross-cutting
Technologies
Return ETO
Some Regimes have Earth Return
Earth
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Office of the Space Architect
Work Breakdown Structure
Space
Architect
1.0 2.0 5.0
3.0 4.0
Management Architecture Special Studies
Transportation CRAI
& Integration Studies and Leveraging
• Policy & Governance • Management Integration & •Management Integration • Management Integration & • Management
• Systems Engineering Administration & Administration Administration Integration &
• Integrated Space Plan • Architecture Options • ISTP •Integrated Roadmaps Administration
• Annual SA Program • Reference Missions • ISP Support •Capability/need •Leveraged Studies
Formulation • Capability/needs • CRAI Support Identification
• Architecture Study Direction Identification • Architecture Support •Capability/need analysis &
• Integrated Reference • Leveraged Studies • Special Studies Assessment
Architectures • ISP Support • Leveraged Studies •Gap Analysis
• New Initiative Evaluations • CRAI Support • Investment Strategies
• Current Program Evaluations • System Support • ISP Support
• SA Board Recommendations • Architecture Support
• Communications • System Support
Strategy • Leveraged programs
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Integrated Space Transportation Architecture Inputs to the Space
Architecture Work Breakdown Structure Format
1.0 Space Architect - Gary Martin, Headquarters
2.0 Integrated Space Transportation Architecture (ISTA)
3.0 MSFC POC/Bob Sackheim
Inputs to/from
CRAI Team
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
ETO/ISTP Baseline Enabling In-space Planetary In-space Special
Research Propulsion Operations Infrastructure Studies
3.1.1 Shuttle (SSP) 3.2.1 Applied Research 3.3.1 Conventional 3.4.1 Aero Assist 3.5.1 ISRU 3.6.1 Special
• RTF • Better Nozzles, etc. Functions • Aero Braking 3.5.2 Fluid/Propellant Architecture Studies
• Sustained Operations 3.2.2 Fundamental Research 3.3.1.1 Orbit Transfer • Aero Capture Depots 3.6.2 Special Study
• SLEP • Antimatter 3.3.1.2 AVCS 3.4.2 Entry Descent 3.5.3 In-Space Fluid Support
3.1.2 NGLT • Advanced Nuclear, etc. 3.3.1.3 Pointing & Landing (EDL) Transfer Systems 3.6.3 Humans Beyond
3.3.1.4 NSSK
• ORSC Engine 3.4.3 Ascent Vehicles ISS
3.3.1.5 EWSK
• Green RCS/OMS
• Advanced Avionics 3.3.1.6 Orbit Adjust 3.6.4 Stations at
• Thermal Protect Systm 3.3.1.7 Drag Make-up Lagrange L-1/L-2
Moon/Sun
• Structure 3.3.2 Non-conventional
• Tanks Approach 3.6.5 Studies/Analysis
• Upgraded Liquid Oxygen 3.3.2.1 Sails tools, e.g. ISEAP
• Liquid Hydrogen (Cobra Type) 3.3.2.2 Tethers
• (LH TCA) 3.3.2.3 Aero Assist Tech
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• IVHM
3.3.3 Orbiter Vehicle In-
• Hypersonics/NAI, CCEs Space Control Functions
3.1.3 OSP
3.3.3.1 OMS & RCS
• Capsule
• Winged/Aero 3.3.4 Nuclear Propulsion
• Lifted Body/Aero
MMRPS/RTG/RPS
3.1.4 ELVs
• Small Launchers (SELV’s) REP
• Existing ELV’s NEP
• HLLVs
Nuclear Power
/EP/NTR/Converter
Technology
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