Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization

299 Pages·1987·7.719 MB·English

by  C. Broda (auth.), Univ.-Doz. Dr. Wilfried Feichtinger, Dr. med. Peter Kemeter (eds.)

W Feichtinger P. Kemeter (Eds.)
Future Aspects
in Human In Vitro
Fertilization
With 72 Figures and 81 Tables
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg N ew York
London Paris Tokyo
Univ.-Doz. Dr. Wilfried Feichtinger
Dr. med. Peter Kemeter
Institut fUr Endokrinologie
der Fortpflanzung und IVF
Trauttmansdorffgasse 3a
A-1130 Wien
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-71414-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-71412-2
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2
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© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1987
Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1987
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2127/3140-543210
Preface
While the organization of an international congress on in vitro fertilization (IVF)
was an entirely new venture for us in 1983, since we had no experience but were
full of optimism, we approached the organization of a second Congress in Vien
na in 1986 much more calmly. Our experience had increased as had the readiness
of many of our friends to help and of people interested in cooperating. However,
would our Congress not lose its originality on account of the increased routine?
This was certainly a possible danger which we wanted to prevent by means of
two counter measures. The first concerned the scientific program: the new and
trend-setting aspects of IVF would be discussed primarily rather than the results
of traditional methods. The second measure concerned the social program,
aimed more at private contacts in the intimate and familiar atmosphere of homes
and workplace rather than meetings in luxurious but impersonal public institu
tions.
We believe that both these measures achieved the desired effect. Although we
could not avoid some events taking place at the same time, the most important
problems were treated and discussed jointly. Thus, the Congress was easy to
survey, and all topics were thoroughly discussed.
As to the social part, it is not for us - being the hosts - to judge, but we did not
fail to notice that most of the participants were in an extremely good mood in the
evenings, many of them going to bed rather late. No mention should be made of
what we experienced the weekend after the end of the congress, with some
indestructible skiers from various countries.
We must not forget the pre-congress seminar which, among other things, gave
about 40 participants the chance to practice cryopreservation of animal and
human embryos. We have to express our sincere gratitude to Jacques Cohen,
who conveyed his immense experience in this field to all of us with the utmost
accuracy and patience. We should also like to extend our gratitude to Peter
Lutjen, Ismail Kola, and Michael Weigel for their most valuable assistance.
Last, but not least, we should like to thank our staff: Christine Hochfellner,
lise Benko, Petra Vogel, Waltraud Grubel, and Ulrike Ferstl for devoting their
Easter holiday to assisting us wholeheartedly.
We are most obliged to Mrs. Schaup and all the other staff oflnterconvention,
whose administrative competence was a great contribution to the smooth prog
ress of our congress, and to Director Straub of the "Kongress-Zentrum Hof
burg."
VI Preface
How should we proceed? Has the "Vienna Congress" become a permanent
instituion in addition to the World Congress of IVF and other meetings? It
seems so. In order not to make it a kind of industry, we shall let another three
years pass in order to gather new strength and new ideas. Meanwhile please keep
this book in mind; in 3 years time many a future aspect may already be a current
one.
Wilfried Feichtinger Peter Kemeter
Table of Contents
Opening Address
C. BRODA .... 1
The Evolution of In Vitro Fertilization Technology
I. Johnston ...................... . 8
Continuing Pregnancy Rates by Number of Concepti Transferred
H. W. JONES, JR. ................................. 13
Transfer Results After One-Step Freezing and Thawing of Bovine Embryos
1. HAHN and U. MICHAELIS ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20
The Viability of Bovine "Half' Embryos Produced Before
or After Liquid Nitrogen Freezing
R. W. RORIE, R. 1. PENDLETON, S. H. POOL, C. R. YOUNGS, and R. A. GODKE. 26
The Mouse Egg as a Model in In Vitro Fertilization and CRYOBIOLOGY
F. LEROY, A. MASSIP, AND F. PUISSANT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 36
Cryopreservation of Mouse Eggs in an In Vitro Fertilization/Embryo
Transfer Program
L. METTLER, M. SCHUCKART and T. MOTZUNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 47
Successful In Vitro Fertilization of Frozen-Thawed Rabbit and Human Oocytes
K. DIEDRICH, S. AL-HASANI, H. VAN DER VEN, and D. KREBS. . . . . . .. 50
Human Oocyte and Embryo Freezing
D. G. WHITTIGHAM . . . . . . . . .. ..................... 58
Human Ovarian Follicular Antigens
M. 1. SINOSICH .................................. 64
VIII Table of Contents
Culture of Human Trophoblastic Tissue: A Potential Tool for
Improvement of Early Embryo Culture and Transfer
Y. MENEZO, M. PLACHOT, Y. HEYMAN, L. DUCRET, B. NICOLLET,
J. BEURLET, J. MANDELBAUM and A-M. JUNCA . . . . . . .. ...... 77
Pregnancies Following Fixed Schedule Ovulation Induction
and Embryo Cryopreservation During Diagnostic Infertility Laparoscopy
R. FRYDMAN, J. D. RAINHORN, R. FORMAN, J. BELAISCH-ALLART,
H. FERNANDEZ, B. LAs SALLE and J. TESTART ............. . 82
Human Embryo Freezing in an In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo
Transfer Program
J. TESTART, B. LAssALLE, J. BELAISCH-ALLART, A HAzouT, R. FORMAN,
and R. FRYDMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91
The Freezing of Early Human Embryos and Blastocysts
M. J. ASHWOOD-SMITH and R. SIMONS . . . . . . . . .......... 97
Freezing Human Oocytes Using Rapid Techniques
W. FEICHTINGER, I. BENKO, and P. KEMETER .... ....... 101
Fertilization by Microinjection of Human Sperm in Hamster
and Human Oocytes
B. LAssALLE, A M. COURTOT, and J. TESTART ................ 111
Artificial Insemination Using a Micromanipulator
M. METKA, T. HAROMY, J. HUBER and B. SCHURZ ........ 119
Nonsurgical Ovum Transfer: The Harbor-UCLA Experience
M. BUSTILLO and J. E. BUSTER ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Oocyte and Embryo Donation in Women with Absent Ovarian Function
J. LiiTJEN, L. HEALY, C. CHAN, K. FINDLAY, I. KOLA, and A O. TROUNSON 125
Pregnancies after Replacement of Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Embryos
in a Donation Program
P. DEVROEY, P. BRAECKMANS, M. CAMUS, I. KHAN, J. SMITZ, C. STAESSENS,
E. VAN DEN ABBEEL, L. VAN WAESBERGHE, A WISANTO, and
A C. VAN STEIRTEGHEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 133
Pregnancies in the Absence of Ovaries - Parameters Affecting Outcome
N. LAUFER, D. NAVOT, R. RABINOWITZ, A LEWIN, A BIRKENFELD,
E. J. MARGALIOTH, and J. G. SCHENKER .................... 138
Table of Contents IX
The Willingness of Infertile Women to Donate Eggs
P. KEMETER, W. FEICHTINGER, and E. BERNAT .... ...... 145
Religious Aspects of Gamete Donation in In Vitro Fertilization
and Embryo Transfer Programs
J. G. SCHENKER .................................. 154
Experimental Genetics of the Mammalian Embryo
K. ILLMENSEE ................................... 160
The Transformation of New Genetic Material into
Pluripotential Embryonic Cells Grown In Vitro and Their Incorporation
into Chimaeric Animals
M. EVANS ..................................... 172
Expression of Foreign Genes in Transgenic Mice
J. JAMI and R. PICTET ............... . 180
Blastocyst-Derived Embryonic Stem Cells as a Model for Embryogenesis
T. DOETSCHMAN, A. GOSSLER, and R. KEMLER ............. 187
Experimental Approaches to the Preimplantation Ova with Emphasis
on Cytoplasmic Factors, Cell Cycle and Intercellular Connections
S. SUZUKI, H. KITAI, S. KURASAWA, S. KOMATSU, and R. IrZUKA ...... 196
Electric-Field-Induced Fusion of Blastomeres
J. P. OZIL and J. A. MODLINSKI ........ . . ....... 212
Microsurgical Experiments on Embryos in Farm Animals -
Basic and Applied Aspects
S. MEINECKE-TILLMANN and B. MEINECKE ................... 216
Experimental Polyembryony in Mammals
J. A. MODLINKSI and J.-P. OZIL . . . .. . .................. 224
Towards Cloning of Domestic Animals
S. M. WILLADSEN. . . . . . . . . . .. . ................... 231
Stages in Early Human Development
R. O'RAHILLY and F. MULLER ..... . ................ 237
Potential of Research von Human Embryos
R. G. EDWARDS .................................. 244
X Table of Contents
Gene Activation in the Human Embryo Developing In Vitro
1. TESARIK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ....... 251
Genetic Analysis of Human Embryos Prior to Implantation:
Future Applications of In Vitro Fertilization in the Treatment and
Prevention of Human Genetic Diseases
Y. VERLINSKY, E. PERGAMENT, Z. BINOR, and R. RAWLINS. . .. . ... 262
Morphologic and Cytologic Study of Human Embryos Obtained
by In Vitro Fertilization
M. PLACHOT, 1. MANDELBAUM, A.-M. JUNCA, 1. COHEN, 1. SALAT-BAROUX,
and C. DA LAGE . 267
Subject Index . . . 277
List of Contributors
VAN DEN ABBEEL, E., Center for Reproductive Medicine, Academic Hospital and
Medical School, Free University of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels,
Belgium
AL-HASANI, S., University Women's Clinic, 5300 Bonn,
Federal Republic of Germany
ASHWOOD-SMITH, M. 1., Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge CB3 7TR,
United Kingdom
BELAISCH-ALLART, 1., Antoine Beclere Hospital, Department of Gynecology and
Obstetrics, 157, rue Porte de Trivaux, 92151 Clamart, France
BENKO, I., Institute of Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF,
Trauttmansdorffgasse 3a, 1130 Vienna, Austria
BERNAT, E., Institute of Civil Law, Faculty of Law, University of Graz,
Universitatsplatz 3, 8010 Graz, Austria
BEURLET, 1., Fondation Marcel Merieux, 94 rue Chevreul, 69007 Lyon, France
BINOR, Z., Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago,
Illinois 60612, USA
BIRKENFELD, A., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Hadassah University Hospital, POP 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
BRAECKMANS, P., Center for Reproductive Medicine, Academic Hospital and
Medical School, Free University of Brussels. Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels,
Belgium
BRODA, C., The former Austrian Federal Minister of Law, Bundesministerium
fUr Justiz, Auskunftsstelle, Schmerlingplatz 10-11, 1010 Wien, Austria
BUSTER, JH. E., Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
BUSTILLO, M., Genetics and IVF Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
CAMUS, M., Center for Reproductive Medicine, Academic Hospital and Medical
School, Free University of Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium