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Fungal Biology Ram Prasad Editor Fungal Nanotechnology Applications in Agriculture, Industry, and Medicine Fungal Biology Series Editors Vijai Kumar Gupta Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tallinn University of Technology Estonia Maria G. Tuohy School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway, Ireland Fungal biology has an integral role to play in the development of the biotechnology and biomedical sectors. It has become a subject of increasing importance as new fungi and their associated biomolecules are identified. The interaction between fungi and their environment is central to many natural processes that occur in the biosphere. The hosts and habitats of these eukaryotic microorganisms are very diverse; fungi are present in every ecosystem on Earth. The fungal kingdom is equally diverse, consisting of seven different known phyla. Yet detailed knowledge is limited to relatively few species. The relationship between fungi and humans has been characterized by the juxtaposed viewpoints of fungi as infectious agents of much dread and their exploitation as highly versatile systems for a range of economically important biotechnological applications. Understanding the biology of different fungi in diverse ecosystems as well as their interactions with living and non-living is essential to underpin effective and innovative technological developments. This series will provide a detailed compendium of methods and information used to investigate different aspects of mycology, including fungal biology and biochemistry, genetics, phylogenetics, genomics, proteomics, molecular enzymology, and biotechnological applications in a manner that reflects the many recent developments of relevance to researchers and scientists investigating the Kingdom Fungi. Rapid screening techniques based on screening specific regions in the DNA of fungi have been used in species comparison and identification, and are now being extended across fungal phyla. The majorities of fungi are multicellular eukaryotic systems and therefore may be excellent model systems by which to answer fundamental biological questions. A greater understanding of the cell biology of these versatile eukaryotes will underpin efforts to engineer certain fungal species to provide novel cell factories for production of proteins for pharmaceutical applications. Renewed interest in all aspects of the biology and biotechnology of fungi may also enable the development of “one pot” microbial cell factories to meet consumer energy needs in the 21st century. To realize this potential and to truly understand the diversity and biology of these eukaryotes, continued development of scientific tools and techniques is essential. As a professional reference, this series will be very helpful to all people who work with fungi and should be useful both to academic institutions and research teams, as well as to teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students with its information on the continuous developments in fungal biology with the publication of each volume. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11224 Ram Prasad Editor Fungal Nanotechnology Applications in Agriculture, Industry, and Medicine Editor Ram Prasad Amity Institute of Microbial Technology Amity University Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India ISSN 2198-7777 ISSN 2198-7785 (electronic) Fungal Biology ISBN 978-3-319-68423-9 ISBN 978-3-319-68424-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-68424-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017957707 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface The study of fungal biology has developed into a valuable science in the last century as it has provided control over a number of infectious diseases. In this trend, nano- technology has emerged as a potential candidate for similar applications. Biogenic tailored nanoparticles from fungi are gaining consideration due to their cost-effec- tive, sustainable, resource-e fficient, simple, and eco-friendly nature. In this book entitled Fungal Nanotechnology, the editor has accrued numerous advanced approaches for studying the fungal system for the benefit of humankind. The book covers the synthesis of nanoparticles by fungi, the mechanism involved in such biosynthesis, and a unique template for synthesis of tailored nanoparticles targeted at therapeutics, diagnostics, agriculture, and industries. This book should be immensely useful to microbiologists, nanotechnologists, researchers, technocrats, scientists of fungal biology, and to those who are inter- ested in fungal nanotechnology. I am honored that the leading scientists who have extensive, in-depth experience and expertise in fungal system and nanotechnology took the time and effort to develop these outstanding chapters. Each chapter is writ- ten by internationally recognized researchers/scientists so the reader is given an up-to-date and detailed account of our knowledge of the nanobiotechnology and innumerable applications of fungi. We are indebted to the many people who helped to bring this book to light. I wish to thank series editors Dr. Vijai Kumar Gupta and Dr. Maria G. Tuohy; Eric Stannard, Senior Editor, Botany, Springer; and Jeffrey Taub, Project Coordinator, Springer, for generous assistance, constant support, and patience in initializing the volume. Special thanks go to my lovely wife Dr. Avita Maurya for her constant support and motivations in putting everything together. Dr. Prasad in particular is very thankful to Professor Ajit Varma, Amity University, for the kind support and constant encour- agement. Special thanks are due to my esteemed friend and well-wisher Mr. Manjit Kumar and all faculty colleagues of AIMT, Amity University. Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Ram Prasad v Contents 1 Fungal Nanotechnology: A Pandora to Agricultural Science and Engineering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Mugdha Rao, Babita Jha, Anal K. Jha, and Kamal Prasad 2 Agriculture Applications of Entomopathogenic Fungi Using Nanotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Sandra Pérez Álvarez, Marco Antonio Magallanes Tapia, Karel Ismar Acosta Pérez, and Amaury Méndez Guerrero 3 Fungi as Ecosynthesizers for Nanoparticles and Their Application in Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Khamis Youssef, Ayat F. Hashim, Ahmed Hussien, and Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam 4 Myconanotechnology in Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Sairengpuii Hnamte, Busi Siddhardha, and V. Venkateswara Sarma 5 Fungus-Mediated Bioleaching of Metallic Nanoparticles from Agro- industrial By-Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Madan L. Verma 6 Synthesis and Applications of Nanofungicides: A Next-Generation Fungicide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Sonu Kumari and Suphiya Khan 7 Enzymes and Nanoparticles Produced by Microorganisms and Their Applications in Biotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Emad Abada, Zarraq Al-Faifi, and Mohamed Osman 8 Biological Nanoparticles: Optical and Photothermal Properties . . . 151 Aditya Saran, Rajender Boddula, and Sharda Ranjan Sharan 9 Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Manjit K. Selwal and Krishan K. Selwal vii viii Contents 10 Fungal Bionanotechnology, When Knowledge Merge into a New Discipline to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Juan Bueno 11 Fungal Nanotechnology and Biomedicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Niraj Kumari, Anal K. Jha, and K. Prasad 12 Myconanotechnology to Treat Infectious Diseases: A Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Ernestina Castro-Longoria, Diana Garibo-Ruiz, and Sandy Martínez-Castro 13 Nanobiotechnology Applications in Special Reference to Fungi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Safiye Elif Korcan and Muhsin Konuk Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Contributors Emad Abada Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, King Saudi Arabia (KSA) Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam Agricultural Research Center, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza, Egypt Zarraq Al-Faifi Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, King Saudi Arabia (KSA) Sandra  Pérez  Álvarez Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-IPN, Unidad Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico Rajender  Boddula CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Juan Bueno Fundación Centro de Investigación de Bioprospección y Biotecnología de la Biodiversidad (BIOLABB), Colombia, South America Ernestina  Castro-Longoria Departmento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico Diana  Garibo-Ruiz Departmento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico Amaury Méndez Guerrero Empresa Bioagricultura Aplicada AMG, Calle Santos Degollado entre Guillermo Nelson y Cuauhtemoc, Colonia Centro, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico Ayat F. Hashim Food Industries and Nutrition Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt ix x Contributors Sairengpuii  Hnamte Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, India Ahmed  Hussien Central Administration of Plant Quarantine, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Giza, Egypt Anal K. Jha University Department of Chemistry, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, India Aryabhatta Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna, India Babita Jha Aryabhatta Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna, India Suphiya  Khan Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, Rajasthan, India Muhsin Konuk Üsküdar University, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul, Turkey Safiye  Elif  Korcan Uşak University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Uşak, Turkey Niraj  Kumari Aryabhatta Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna, India Sonu Kumari Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, Rajasthan, India Sandy Martínez-Castro Residencia Médica en Cirugía General, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico Mohamed Osman Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt Karel Ismar Acosta Pérez Universidad de Las Tunas, Las Tunas, Cuba Kamal  Prasad Aryabhatta Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna, India University Department of Physics, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, India Mugdha Rao Aryabhatta Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna, India Aditya Saran CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Krishan K. Selwal Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, India Manjit  K.  Selwal Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana, India

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Fungal nanotechnology has great prospects for developing new products with industrial, agricultural, medicinal, and consumer applications in a wide range of sectors. The fields of chemical engineering, agri-food, biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, and medical device development all employ f
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