fundamentals of qualitative research SERIES IN UNDERSTANDING STATISTICS natasha beretvas Series Editor SERIES IN UNDERSTANDING MEASUREMENT natasha beretvas Series Editor SERIES IN UNDERSTANDING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH patricia leavy Series Editor Understanding Statistics Understanding Qualitative Research Exploratory Factor Analysis Leandre Fabrigar and Oral History Duane Wegener Patricia Leavy Fundamentals of Qualitative Research Structural Equation Modeling Johnny Saldaña Marilyn Th ompson Computer-Assisted Analysis of Qualitative Data Understanding Measurement Christina Silver Item Response Th eory Ethnography Christine DeMars Carol A. Bailey Reliability Patrick Meyer Validity Catherine Taylor johnny saldaña F U N DA M E N TA L S O F Q UA L I TAT I V E R E S E A R C H 1 1 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Th ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2011 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Saldaña, Johnny. Fundamentals of qualitative research / Johnny Saldaña. p. cm.—(Understanding qualitative research) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-973795-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Social sciences—Research. 2. Qualitative research. I. Title. H62.S31857 2011 001.4’2—dc22 2010029012 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper acknowledgments Th anks are extended to Patricia Leavy, series editor, for her gracious i nvitation to participate in this venture; the Oxford University Press production staff for their prepublication guidance; and my qualitative research professors and mentors: Tom Barone, Amira De la Garza, Mary Lee Smith, and Harry F. Wolcott. This page intentionally left blank contents CHAPTER 1 GENRES, ELEMENTS, AND STYLES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 CHAPTER 2 A SURVEY OF QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 CHAPTER 3 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 CHAPTER 4 A SURVEY OF QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYTIC METHODS . . . . . 89 CHAPTER 5 WRITING AND PRESENTING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH . . . . . 139 CHAPTER 6 ADDITIONAL READINGS AND RESOURCES IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 This page intentionally left blank fundamentals of qualitative research
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