Fundamentals of fingerprint analysis

336 Pages·2014·9.04 MB·English

by  Hillary Moses Daluz

FORENSICS & CRIMINAL JUSTICE
Daluz
Fundamentals of
FINGERPRINT
ANALYSIS
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The “CSI effect” has brought an explosion of interest in the forensic sciences, leading to the a
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development of new programs in universities across the world. While dozens of professional texts
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on the science of fingerprint analysis are available, few are designed specifically for students.
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An essential learning tool for classes in fingerprinting and impression evidence, Fundamentals t
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of Fingerprint Analysis takes students from an understanding of the historical background of ls

fingerprint evidence to seeing how it plays out in a present-day courtroom. o
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Using a pedagogical format, with each chapter building on the previous one, the book is divided
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into three sections. The first explains the history and theory of fingerprint analysis, fingerprint N
patterns and classification, and the concept of biometrics—the practice of using unique biological G
measurements or features to identify individuals. The second section discusses forensic light
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sources and physical and chemical processing methods. Section III covers fingerprint analysis
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with chapters on documentation, crime scene processing, fingerprint and palm print comparisons,
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and courtroom testimony.
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Designed for classroom use, each chapter contains key terms, learning objectives, a chapter I
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summary, and review questions to test students’ assimilation of the material. Ample diagrams,
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case studies, and photos demonstrate concepts in a way that prepares students for working

actual cases.
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Ancillaries including a test bank, figure slides, PowerPoint® lecture slides, and an instructor’s
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manual are available with qualifying course adoption. A companion workbook, Fingerprint
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Analysis Laboratory Workbook (ISBN: 978-1-4665-9789-1) is available for purchase for use in
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courses with a laboratory component.
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Fundamentals of
FINGERPRINT
ANALYSIS

Fundamentals of
FINGERPRINT
ANALYSIS
Hillary Moses Daluz
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Version Date: 20140807
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This work is dedicated to
My father and mentor
Kenneth R. Moses

Contents
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Author xix
Section I
INTRODUCTION TO FINGERPRINTS
1 Introduction 3
Key Terms 3
Learning Objectives 3
1.1 Evolutionary Development of Friction Ridges 4
1.2 Introduction to Forensic Science 5
1.3 Fingerprints as Forensic Evidence 6
1.4 Fingerprint Analysis 7
1.5 Uniqueness and Permanence 11
1.6 Chapter Summary 11
Review Questions 12
References 12
2 History 13
Key Terms 13
Learning Objectives 13
2.1 Why Study History? 13
2.2 Ancient History 14
2.3 Fingerprint Science: Seventeenth–Nineteenth Centuries 15
2.4 Criminal Records and Classification 20
2.5 The Twentieth Century 23
2.6 I Had a Case: Applying Fingerprint Technology
to Archaeological Research 25
2.7 Chapter Summary 27
Review Questions 27
References 28
3 Physiology and Embryology 29
Key Terms 29
Learning Objectives 29
vii
viii Contents
3.1 Biological Uniqueness 29
3.2 Layers of the Skin 31
3.3 Embryological Development of Friction Ridges 33
3.4 Embryological Development of Minutiae 36
3.5 Permanence 39
3.6 Chapter Summary 39
Review Questions 40
References 40
4 Fingerprint Patterns and Classification 43
Key Terms 43
Learning Objectives 43
4.1 Fingerprint Patterns 44
4.2 Loops 45
4.3 Whorls 49
4.4 Arches 51
4.5 Fingerprint Classification 53
4.6 Henry Classification 54
4.7 NCIC Classification 56
4.8 Chapter Summary 57
Review Questions 58
References 58
5 Known Fingerprints 61
Key Terms 61
Learning Objectives 61
5.1 Known Fingerprints 61
5.2 Inked Fingerprint Records 62
5.3 Powdered Fingerprint Records 67
5.4 Digital Fingerprint Records 70
5.5 Fingerprints from Deceased Individuals 73
5.6 Chapter Summary 76
Review Questions 77
References 77
6 Nature of Latent Fingerprints 79
Key Terms 79
Learning Objectives 79
6.1 Latent Fingerprints 79
6.2 Matrix 81
6.3 Substrate 82
6.4 Aging Latent Prints 83
6.5 DNA from Fingerprints 84
6.6 I Had a Case: Aging Latent Fingerprints 86
6.7 Chapter Summary 86