Fundamentals of Electrical Power Systems: A Primer With Matlab

510 Pages·14.424 MB·English

by  Samir Ibrahim Abood (editor)

ENERGY SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

F E
UNDAMENTALS OF LECTRICAL
P S
OWER YSTEMS

A PRIMER WITH MATLAB

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ENERGY SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

F E
UNDAMENTALS OF LECTRICAL
P S
OWER YSTEMS

A PRIMER WITH MATLAB

SAMIR I. ABOOD
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Abood, Samir I., author.
Title: Fundamentals of electrical power systems : a primer with MATLAB /
Samir Abood (author), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA.
Description: Hauppauge, New York : Nova Science Publishers, [2020] | Series: Energy
science, engineering and technology | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020044017 (print) | LCCN 2020044018 (ebook) | ISBN
9781536186376 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781536187(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:21) (adobe pdf)
Subjects: LCSH: Electric power systems--Textbooks. | MATLAB.
Classification: LCC TK1001 .A23 2020 (print) | LCC TK1001 (ebook) | DDC
621.31/042--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020044017
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020044018

Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York
CONTENTS

Abstract vii
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xv
Chapter 1 Electrical Energy Sources 1
Chapter 2 Elements of Power Systems 63
Chapter 3 Load Flow Analysis 111
Chapter 4 Optimum Power Flow 163
Chapter 5 Faults Analysis 199
Chapter 6 Power System Stability 241
Chapter 7 Power System Reliability 283
Chapter 8 Modeling of Synchronous Generator 337
Chapter 9 Power Distribution System 375
Chapter 10 VAR Compensator 415
Appendices 465
References 485
About the Author 487
Index 489

ABSTRACT

Chapter 1 Electrical energy sources
Electric power is the main source of energy nowadays. The electric-powered power
system conveys the electrical energy to purchasers, which they use for a range of purposes.
Consequently, they pay money for the energy that they expend. The chapter studies the
electric power system parts, which consist of three parts: generation, transmission, and
distribution. The basic structure of a power system is explaining by the generation
subsystem in this chapter. Further, the Fundamental voltage and current relations are
reviews.

Chapter 2 Elements of Power System
The Elements of power systems are explaining in this chapter include power
generation, power transmission, loads, and control equipment and protection briefly. The
transmission subsystem and the distribution subsystem are explaining with a sample model
and economical choice of transmission voltage

Chapter 3 Load flow
The great importance of load-flow studies is in planning the future expansion of the
power system as well as in determining the best operation of existing systems. This chapter
is important information obtained from a load-flow study, which is the magnitude and
phase angle of the voltage of each bus and the real and reactive power flowing in each line.
However, much additional information or volume is provided by the printout of the
solution from computer programs using by the power companies.
The necessity for power flow studies is explained. Real and reactive power flow
equations are derived. Bus classification is given. Specify and compute variables are
identified for each type of bus. Gauss-Seidel and Gauss-Seidel iterative methods are
explained. Newton–Raphson method and Fast Decuple Load Flow method are described.
viii Samir I. Abood
A load flow solution using the Z is also explaining. The convergence characteristics, as
bus
well as the merits and demerits of the methods, are discussed.

Chapter 4 Optimum power flow
The application of optimal reactive power flow (ORPF) for minimization of energy
loss in electrical networks over intervals of time is present. In this chapter uses different
loading conditions during each given time interval, instead of a single snapshot loading of
the system. The first load condition is a current snapshot, and subsequent ones are forecasts.
The given time interval is divided into several sub-intervals (depending on the size of
anticipated load variations).

Chapter 5 Faults analysis
In this chapter, the importance of short-circuit current calculation is discussing. The
sequence impedances are explaining. For a star-connected balanced load and three-phase
transmission lines, positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence impedances are derived.
Sequence impedances for transformers are explaining. Unsymmetrical fault analysis is
presented in greater detail for line-to-ground, double line, and double line-to-ground faults
sequence network connections and phasor diagrams. Expressions for the fault currents are
obtained.
The main goal of this chapter is to design a computer program for modeling electrical
power systems networks and simulate the factors that it may affect in the fault analysis:
1-Degree of the loaded generator when the fault occurs.
2-Fault position concerning generating position.
3-Type of fault.

Chapter 6 power system Stability
Stability analysis is one of the essential Studies in electrical power system analysis; for
those reasons, many modern studies about the subject had been achieved.
The stability of a system refers to the ability of a system to return to its steady-state
when subjected to a disturbance. As mentioned before, power is generated by synchronous
generators that operate in synchronism with the rest of the system. A generator is
synchronized with a bus when both have the same frequency, voltage, and phase sequence.
This chapter studies and develops computer software to research and analyze an
electrical power system from the view of stability in both its type state of the system after
any change has taken in its normal state.
Equal area criterion and its utility in the study of transient stability is explained. The
transient stability limit, critical clearing angle, and critical clearing time are explaining.
Fault clearance, reclosing, and first swing transient stability are discussed. Power system
stabilizers, dynamic stability, and small disturbance analysis for power system are
considered