Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing

592 Pages·1989·34.49 MB·English

by  Anil K. Jain

Fundamentals
ofD igital
ImagPer ocessing
PRENTIHCAEL LI NFORMATION
ANDS YSTESMC IENCSEESR IES
Thomas KaEidliattohr,
ANDERSONM OORE OptimCaoln troLli:n eaQru adratMiect hods
&
ANDERSONM OORE OptimFaill tering
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ASTROMW ITTENMARK Computer-ContSryosltleemTdsh :e orya ndD esign,
& 21£
DICKINSON SystemAsn:a lysDiess,i gann dC omputation
GARDNER StatisStpieccatlAr naall ysAi Nso:n probabiTlhiesotryi c
GOODWIN SIN AdaptiFviel terPirnegd,i ctainodnC ,o ntrol
&
GRA DAVISSON RandomP rocessAe Msa:t hematiAcpaplr oafcohrE ngineers
y &
HAYKIN AdaptiFviel tTehre ory2,/ E
JAIN FundamentoafDl isg itIamla gPer ocessing
JOHNSON LecturoenAs d aptiPvaer ametEesrt imation
KAILTAH LineaSry stems
KUMAR ARAIAY StochasStyisct emEss:t imatlinodne,n tfjicaantdiAo dna,p tive
& V
Control
KUNG VLSIA rraPyr ocessors
KUNG,W HITEHOUSE, VLSIa ndM oderSni gnParlo cessing
&
KAILTAH .E DS.
KWAKERNAAKS IVAN ModerSni gnaalnsd S ystems
&
LANDAU SysteImd entificaatnidoC no ntrDoels igUns inPgI M+ Software
LIU NG SysteImd entificaTthieoonryf: o rt heU ser
MACOVSKI MedicaIlm aginSgy stems
MIDDLETOGNoo DWIN DigitCaoln traonld E stimatAi oUnn:i fieAdp proach
&
NARENDRA StabAldea ptiSvyes tems
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ANNASWAMY
SASTRY8 0DSON AdaptiCvoen troSlt:a bilCiotnyv,e rgenacnedR, o bustness
&
SOLIMANS RINATH ContinuaonudsD iscreStieg naalnsdS ystems
&
SPILKER DigitCaolm municatbiyoS nast ellite
WILLIAMS DesigniDnigg itFaill ters
Fundamentals
ofD igital
ImagPer ocessing
ANILK .J AIN
UniverosfiC tayl ifoDrnaivai,s
II
PRENTIHCAEL LE,n glewoColdi fNfJs0 ,7 632
LibroafryC ongrCeastsa loging-iDna-tPuab lication
IAINA,N IL
K.
Fundamentaolfds i giitmaalg per ocessing.
Bibliograpp.h y:
Includiensd ex.
1.I magper ocessing-Dtiegcihtnailq uIe.sT .i tle.
TA1632.J35 1989 621.36'7 88-12624
ISBN0 -13-336165-9
Editorial/productionC oslulpeeBerrnvo issniaonn :
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20 19 18 17
ISBN 0-13-336165-9
PRENTICE-HIANTELRLN ATIONA(L UKL)I MITELD,o ndon
PRENTICE-HOAFLA LU STRALIA LIMITESD,y dney
Prv.
PRENTICE-HALLC ANADAI NC.T,o ronto
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SIMON SCHUSTERAs IA LTD.S, inpgoare
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EDITORA PRENTICE-HALLD O BRASIL,L IDA., deJ aneiro
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Contents
PREFACE xix
ACKNWOLDEGMENTS xxi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 DigIimtaaPglre o cgeP:sr soibnalneAdmp sp lic1a tions
1.2 ImaRgeep reseannMtdoa dteilo4inn g
1.3 ImaEgneh ance6m ent
1.I4ma Rgees tor7a tion
1.5 ImaAgnea ly7s is
1.6 ImaRgeec onstfrruoPcmrjt oceitoino8 n s
17. ImageC oDmaptrae ssion
9
Biblio1g0r aphy
2 TWO-DIMENSIONALA NSDMY ASTTHEEMMSA TICAL
PRELIMEISN ARI 11
2.1 Inrtoduc1t1i on
2.N2ot aatniDdoe nf ini1t1i ons
2.3 LinSeyasrt aenmSdsh iIfntv ar1i3a nce
2.T4hFe ou riTarenrs fo1r5m
Preorptoifte hFoseu rTiarenfros rm1,6
FourTarinfersorm o fS eque(nFcoeusri er
Ser,i1 e8s )
v
2.5 ThZe- rTansoforrL ma urSeenrti2 e0s
CausaanlSdit ityal b2i1ty ,
2.6 OptiacnaMdlo dulTaratnisoFfnune crt i2o1n s
27. MatTrhiexo Rreys u2l2t s
VcetoarnMsda tr2i2c es,
Roawn Cdo luOmrnd e2r3i ng,
TarnosspiatniCdoo jnnu gaRtuil2oe5ns ,
ToelpiatnzCd i racnMutal tr2i5c es,
OrthoagnoUdnn ailtM aartyr2 i6c es,
PosiDteiifnvieta ennQdeu dsarsaFo trimc2s 7,
DiagFoonra2ml7s ,
2.8 Block MaantKdrr iocneePscr dkouecrt2 s8
BloMcakt r2i8c es,
KronePrcokdeu3rc0 t s,
SpearaObpelrea t3i1o ns,
2.9 RandSoimg n3a1l s
Dfeinit3i1o ns,
GausosrNi oarnmD airlsi tbu3t2i on,
GaussRiaannd Proomc e3ss2e s,
StantaPrirooyc e3s2se s,
MarkProovc e3s3se s,
OrthoigtaoynIn dna pdleend3e4n ce,
ThKea rhLuonee(vnKe LT a)rn osrfm3,4
2.10D iscRraentdeFo ime l3d5s
Dfeinit3i5o ns,
SpearaabnIldose t rCoopviacr iance
Functi3o6n s,
21.1 ThSep ecDternasFliun tcyt i3o7n
Propeorftt ihSeeDs ,F3 8
2.12S omRee suflrtoEsms timTahteioo3rn9y
MeaSnq uEasrtei m4a0t es,
ThOer thogProinnacl4ii0pty l e,
2.13S omRee suflrtoIsmn fortmiTaohne o4r1y
Inofrma4t2i on,
Entr4o2p y,
ThRea Dtieos rttFiunocnt 4i3o n,
Proble4m4s
Bilbiogr4a7p hy
3 IMAGPEE RCEPTION
49
3.1 Inturcotdi4o9n
3.2 LigLhutm,i naBnrciegh,,at nnCdeo snstr4a9s t
SimultCaonnet5or1ua ss t,
MacBha n5ds3,
Contents
vi
3.3 MTF oft hVei sSuyaslt 5e4m
3.4 ThVei siFbunicltiit5oy5n
3.5 MonochVriosmMieoo dne 5l6s
3.6 ImaFgied eClriitty5e r7i a
3.7 ColRoerp rese6n0t ation
3.8 ColMoart chainRndeg p rodu6c2t ion
LawosfC orlM oatc6hi3n g,
ChromaDtiiacgi,rty6 a 5m
3. Color CoSoyrsdtie6nm6as t e
9
3.10C olore rDeiMnfecfaes u7r1e s
3. 11 ColVoirs Mioodne 7l3
3.12T emporParlo peorfVt iisei7so5 n
Blo'sLc ahw7,5
CriFtsuiicFoaernlq nuce(yC FF,)7 5
SpatviearlTs meuspo rEaffle c75ts ,
Probl7e6m s
Bibliog7r8a phy
IMAGSEA MPLINAGN DQ UATNIZATION 80
4
4.1 Introd8u0c tion
ImaSgcea n8n0i ng,
TleveisiSotna nd8a1r ds,
ImaDgisep laanRyde cor8d3i ng,
4.2 Two-DismieonSnaamlp ling8 4T heory
BadnlimIimtaeg8de4 s ,
SampVlreisnugps l iRce8a5t ion,
Reconsotftr huIecm tafgioreomI n ts
Samp8l5e s,
NyquRisatt Ael,i aasniFodnl gd,o ver
Freqcuie8en7s ,
SampTlheionrg8e 8m ,
Rema8r9ks ,
4.3 ExtenosfSi aomnpsTl hienog8r 9y
SampRlainndgFoe iml d9s0,
SampTlheionrgfe roRm a ndFoielmds 9,0
Rema9r0ks ,
NonrectGarnSigadum lpaalrni dn g
Inter9l1a cing,
HexagoSnaamlp l9i2n g,
OptimSaalm pl9i2n g,
Contents vii
4.4 PraccaLtlii mitianSt aimopnalsni Rdne goc nstru9c3t ion
SampAlpeirntg9u 3r e,
DispAlpaeyr tuproel/aFItunnictoten9ir 4o n,
LagrIatnnpegorel a9t8i on,
MoiErffeea cntFld a Fti eRleods nps9e9,
4.5 ImaQguea ntiz9a9t ion
4.6 ThOep timMuemaS nq uaorrLe l oydQ-uMaanxt 1iz0e1r
ThUenf oirOmp tiQmunaatli 1z0e3r ,
Propretoifte hsOe p timumS qMueaarne
QuainztIe0r3,
Profo,sI I2
47. A Compando1r31 Design
Remarks, 114
4.8 ThOep timMuemaS nq uaUrnei foQruma ntizer
foNro nuonriDmfe nsi1t51i es
4.9 Exam,pC loemspa,ra insPdor nacLtiimciatla 1t51i ons
4.10A natliMyco defolrPs r acQtuinactailz 1e81r s
4.11Q uantizoafCt oimopnGl aeuxs RsainadnVo armai bl1e9s1
4.2 1 VisQuuaaln tiz1a1t9i on
ContQrunaatsitz 1a2t0i on,
PesudorandQoumai nzNtaotIii2s0oe n ,
HaftloInmea Ggeen erIa2tIi on,
ColQounrat izIa2t2i on,
Probl1e2m4s
Bbiliogr1a2p8h y
5 IMAGTER ANFSORMS 132
5.1 Inturcotdi1o3n2
5.2 Tw-oDimenOsritohnoaaglno Udnn ailtT ararnys for1m3s4
SpearaUbnlietTar anrosyrf ,m1 s34
BasIimsa g1e3s5,
KrnoecPrkoedru acntDdsi mens1io3n7a lity,
DimensoifIo mnaaTglareinfo tysr m1s3,8
TarnosrfFmr eqyu,1e 3n8c
OptimTuarmno srfm1,3 8
5.3 ProperotfUi neistT ararnys fo1r3m8s
EngeyCr oenrsvaatnRidoo tna 1t3i8o n,
EngeyCr opmactainVodarn i aonfTc arensos rfm
Coeffi1c3i9e nts,
DecorrI4e 0l ation,
OthPreorp erIt4i0e s,
viii Contents