Fundamentals of antennas : concepts and applications

108 Pages·2001·2.87 MB·English

by  Christos G Christodoulou

Fundamentals
of Antennas:
Concepts and Applications
Christos G. Christodoulou
Parveen F. Wahid
Tutorial Texts in Optical Engineering
Volume TT50
Bellingham, Washington USA

Fundamentals
of Antennas:
Concepts and Applications
Tutorial Texts Series
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Fundamentals
of Antennas:
Concepts and Applications
Christos G. Christodoulou
Parveen F. Wahid
Tutorial Texts in Optical Engineering
Volume TT50
Bellingham, Washington USA
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Christodoulou,C.G.(ChristosG.)
Fundamentalsofantennas:conceptsandapplications/byC.G.ChristodoulouandP.F.Wahid
p.cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-8194-4112-0(pbk.)
1.Antennas(Electronics).I.Wahid,P.F.(ParveenF.)II.Title.
TK7871.6.C482001
621.384’135(cid:150)dc21
2001032207
CIP
Publishedby
SPIE(cid:151)TheInternationalSocietyforOpticalEngineering
P.O.Box10
Bellingham,Washington 98227-0010
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
WWW: www.spie.org
Copyright'2001TheSocietyofPhoto-OpticalInstrumentationEngineers
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedordistributed
inanyformorbyanymeanswithoutwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
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ArthurR.Weeks,Jr.
InvivoResearchInc.andUniversityofCentralFlorida

CONTENTS
Introduction / ix
Chapter 1. History and Applications / 1
1.1 Historyanddevelopmentofantennas/1
1.2 Applicationsandimpactonsystems/3
1.2.1 Antennasincommunicationsystems/4
1.2.2 Antennasinremotesensing/6
1.2.3 Antennasforbiomedicalapplications/7
1.2.4 Radioastronomyapplications/9
1.2.5 Radarantennas/9
References/10
Chapter2. Fundamental Parameters of Antennas / 13
2.1Radiationpattern/13
2.2Powerdensity/15
2.3Radiationintensity/16
2.4Directivity/17
2.5Gain/17
2.6Inputimpedance/17
2.7Bandwidth/18
2.8Polarization/18
2.9Friisequation/19
References/20
Chapter3.WireAntennas/21
3.1Infinitesimaldipoles/21
3.1.1Directivity/23
3.2Smalldipole/24
3.3Dipoleoffinitelength/25
3.3.1Inputimpedance/28
3.4Effectofinfiniteconductorsontheradiationpatternoflinearwire
antennas/29
3.5Loopantennas/32
3.5.1Smallcircularloopantennas/32
3.5.2Largecircular-loopantennas/34
3.6Radiatedfieldsofashortdipoleandasmallloop/34
References/36
vii
Chapter4.AntennaArrays/37
4.1Arrayfactors/38
4.2UniformN-elementlineararray/42
4.2.1Broadsidearray/44
4.2.2End-firearray/44
4.3Planararrays/46
4.4Circulararrays/48
References/49
Chapter5.Typesof Antennas/51
5.1Reflectorantennas/51
5.1.1Planeandcornerreflectors/51
5.1.2Parabolicreflector/51
5.2Lensantennas/54
5.3Hornantennas/56
5.4Microstripantennas/57
5.4.1Analysisofmicrostripantennas/59
5.4.2Multiplefeedsforcircularpolarization/65
5.4.3Microstriparrays/66
5.5Radomecoverings/68
References/68
Chapter6.AntennasforInfrared Detectors/ 71
6.1Antennasforinfrareddetectors/72
6.2Designofhelicalantennasforterahertzapplications/74
6.3DesignofbroadbandFIRantennas/76
References/81
Chapter7.AntennaMeasurements/85
7.1Radiationpatternmeasurements/85
7.1.1.Outdoorranges/85
7.1.2Anechoicchambers/86
7.2Gainmeasurements/88
7.2.1Comparisonmethod/88
7.2.2Two-antennamethod/89
7.3Impedancemeasurements/90
References/90
Index / 91
viii