Fundamental Interactions in Physics PDF
Preview Fundamental Interactions in Physics
FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS IN PHYSICS Studies in the Natural Sciences A Series from the Center for Theoretical Studies University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida Volume 1 - IMPACT OF BASIC RESEARCH ON TECHNOLOGY Edited by Behram Kursunoglu and Arnold Perlmutter. 1973 Volume 2 - FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS IN PHYSICS Edited by Behram Kursunoglu, Arnold Perlmutter, Steven M. Brown, Mou-Shan Chen, T. Patrick Coleman, Werner Eissner, Joseph Hubbard, Chun-Chian Lu, Stephan L. Mintz, and Mario Rasetti. 1973 FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS IN PHYSICS Conference Chairman Behram Kursunoglu Conference Secretary and Senior Editor Arnold Perlmutter Scientific Secretaries and Editors Steven M. Brown Joseph Hubbard Mou-Shan Chen Chun-Chian Lu T. Patrick Coleman Stephan L. Mintz Werner Eissner Mario Rasetti Center for Theoretical Studies University of Miami Coral Gables, Florida PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK-LONDON • 1973 Proceedings of the Coral Gables Conference on Fundamental Interactions January 22-26, 1973 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 73-84002 ISBN 97&-1-4684-0885-0 ISBN 97&-1-4684-0883-6 (eBook) 00110.1007197&-1-4684-0883-6 © 1973 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1973 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011 United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London A Division of Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd. Davis House (4th Floor), 8 Scrubs Lane, Harlesden, London, NW10 6SE, England All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher PREFACE The Center for Theoretical Studies of the University of Miami has been the host of annual winter conferences whose content has expanded from the particular topic of symmetry principles in high energy physics to encompass the bases and relationships of many branches of know ledge. The scope of the Tenth Coral Gables Conference on Fundamental Interactions included astrophysics, atomic and molecular physics, fundamental theories of gravi tation, of electromagnetism, and of hadrons, gauge theories of weak and electromagnetic interactions, high energy physics, liquid helium physics, and theoretical biology. The range of topics is partially represented by the scientific talks which form this book. The tangible fruits of the conference are these papers; the intangible ones are the changes of outlook which the participants experienced and the new appreciation they gained of the basic unity of all knowledge. Historically, the early Coral Gables Conferences witnessed the introduction of the concept of the quark and the attempts to formulate a unification of the in ternal and space-time symmetries of the elementary particles, while later ones were the initial forums for new unified theories of interactions and for the ideas of scaling, light-cone dominance, and partons. As the recent conferences have treated topics in which it was felt that significant progress might occur and useful v vi PREFACE concepts be proposed as a result of the attention re ceived in these meetings, it is fitting and proper that this, the last of the Conferences on Fundamental Interact ions, is generating a new, more general series of "Coral Gables Orbs Scientiae" to continue this fruitful process in a more capable framework. The present conference was partially supported by the United states Atomic Energy Commission. We express our sincere thanks to Mrs. Helga Billings, Mrs. Valerie Casuso, Mrs. Sandra Rice, Miss Rhonda Saathoff, and Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky for their kind assistance during the conference and for their excellent work typing these Proceedings. The Editors TABLE OF CONTENTS Section One PARTICLE PHYSICS Long Range Forces and Broken Symmetries P. A. M. Dirac.................................. 1 Fundamental Interactions Behram Kur sunoglu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 On SL(6,c) Gauge Invariance Abdus Salam..................................... 55 Geometry and Physics of the Elementary Particles D. I. Blokhintsev............................... 83 Initial Experiments at NAL R. R. Wilson .................................... 97 Total Absorption Detectors and Their Applications to High Energy Physics Robert Hofstadter ............................... 109 Opening Comments on Gauge Theories Benj amin Lee .................................... 125 Unified Gauge Theories of Strong, Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions M. B. Halpern ................................... 129 Concerning the Formulation of Charge Independence of the Pion-Nucleon Interaction G. Breit ........................................ 143 Theory of a One-Dimensional Relativistic Elastic Continuum and Hadronic Wave Equation Takehiko Takabayasi ............................. 169 vii viii CONTENTS An Approach to Hadron Physics Through Asymptotic SU(3) and Chiral SU(3) x SU(3) Algebra S. Oneda and Seisaku Matsuda .................... 175 The Electron and Muon as Eigensolutions In Quantum Electromechanics Fri t z Bopp and W. Lut zenberger .................. 183 Section Two ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Slow Positron Collision in Gases H. S. W. Massey .................................. 189 Variational Principles, and Atomic Scattering Larry Spruch ..................................... 213 Panel Discussion: Spin and Polarization .. ........ 229 Effects in Atomic Processes Electron-Molecule Scattering A. Herzenberg .................................... 261 Panel Discussion: Electron-Molecule Collisions ... 285 Section Three VARIOUS TOPICS X-ray Astronomy Herb ert Fri edman ................................. 315 Helium in Small Assemblies and Heavy Nuclei M. Rasetti and T. Regge ....................•.•. .. 337 CONTENTS ix Quantum Structural Stability and Biology M. Dresden ....................................... 355 List of Participants .............................. '389 Index .............................................. 395 s e l b a G l a r o C e h t f o e s. dn ao c Decti a tr se rt in F I el a h t tn e tm a a r d en pu aF p n to s rs ie fc n ee hr e tf n do eC r e v i l e d c - a -- ir D M. A. . P
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