Functional neuroimaging in child psychiatry PDF
Preview Functional neuroimaging in child psychiatry
Functionalneuroimaginginchildpsychiatry Thisunprecedentedbookreviewstherecentrapiddevelopment offunctionalneuroimagingtechniquesandtheirimplicationsfor childpsychiatry.Itisuniqueinitsfocusonchildrenandin integratingbrainmappingwithgeneticsandbehavioraltesting– aninterfacethatislikelytobecomefundamentaltofunctional neuroimaging.Presentingnewimagingtechniquesinlanguage accessibletothenonspecialist,thisinvaluablereferencewillhelp cliniciansandinvestigatorsto: • understandthroughimagingthemechanismsofchildhood psychiatricdisorders • decidewhichtechniqueismostappropriatefortheirpurposes, withrespecttotechnology,experimentaldesign,dataanalysis, andethicalconsiderations • appreciatetheroleofmoleculargeneticsandneuropsychology inplanningbrainimagingstudies. Coverageincludesdescriptionofnewbrainimagingstrategies, recentadvancesandfutureapplicationsofneuroimagingfor childpsychiatry,andtheapplicationtochildrenofimaging techniquesusedinadults.Asbackground,anoverviewisgivenof normalbrainandcognitivedevelopment.Linkingthelatest Wndingsfromneuroimagingtoneurophysiologicmodels,this bookisanessentialresourceforresearchersandclinicians concernedwithneurodevelopmentaldisorders. MoniqueErnstisAssociateDirectoroftheBrainImagingCenter attheUSNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse. JudithM.RumseyisChiefoftheUSDevelopmental NeuroscienceofSchizophrenia,MoodandotherBrainDisorders Program,ClinicalNeuroscienceBranch,NationalInstituteof MentalHealth. Functional neuroimaging in child psychiatry Editedby Monique Ernst BrainImagingCenter, NationalInstituteonDrugAbuse,Baltimore,MD,USA and Judith M. Rumsey ClinicalNeuroscienceBranch, NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,Rockville,MD,USA WithaForewordby JosephT.Coyle Chairman,DepartmentofPsychiatry,HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,MA,USA publishedbythepresssyndicateoftheuniversityofcambridge ThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom cambridgeuniversitypress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB22RU,UK 40West20thStreet,NewYork,NY10011-4211,USA 10StamfordRoad,Oakleigh,VIC3166,Australia RuizdeAlarcón13,28014Madrid,Spain DockHouse,TheWaterfront,CapeTown8001,SouthAfrica http://www.cambridge.org ©CambridgeUniversityPress2000 Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2000 Reprinted2001 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge Typeface Utopia8.5/12pt. System QuarkXPress®[se] AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata Functionalneuroimaginginchildpsychiatry/editedbyMoniqueErnstandJudithM.Rumsey p.;cm. Includesindex. ISBN0521650445(hb) 1.Pediatricneuropsychiatry. 2.Brain–Imaging. 3.Developmentalneurophysiology. I.Ernst,Monique,1953– . II.Rumsey,JudithM. [DNLM: 1.MentalDisorders–diagnosis–Child. 2.BrainDiseases–diagnosis–Child. 3.DiagnosticImaging–Child.WS350F9792000] RJ486.5.F8652000 618.929890754–dc21 99–04455 ISBN0521650445hardback Everyefforthasbeenmadeinpreparingthisbooktoprovideaccurateandup-to-dateinformation whichisinaccordwithacceptedstandardsandpracticeatthetimeofpublication.Nevertheless, theauthors,editorsandpublishercanmakenowarrantiesthattheinformationcontainedherein istotallyfreefromerror,notleastbecauseclinicalstandardsareconstantlychangingthrough researchandregulation.Theauthors,editorsandpublisherthereforedisclaimallliabilityfordirect orconsequentialdamagesresultingfromtheuseofmaterialcontainedinthisbook.Readersare stronglyadvisedtopaycarefulattentiontoinformationprovidedbythemanufacturerofanydrugs orequipmentthattheyplantouse. TheviewsstatedhereindonotnecessarilyrepresenttheofficialviewsoftheNationalInstitute onDrugAbuse,theNationalInstituteofMentalHealth,theNationalInstitutesofHealthnorthe DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,noranyotheragencyoftheUnitedStates government. Contents Listofcontributors pagevii Preface xi Foreword xiii JosephT.Coyle Part1 Techniquesoffunctionalimaging 1 FunctionalbrainimagingwithPETandSPECT 3 PeterHerscovitchandMoniqueErnst 2 ModelingofreceptorimagesinPETandSPECT 27 EvanD.Morris,RaymondF.MuzicJr, BradleyC.Christian,ChristopherJ.Endresand RonaldE.Fisher 3 Functionalmagneticresonanceimaging 45 GuinevereF.EdenandThomasA.ZeYro 4 MRSinchildhoodpsychiatricdisorders 59 DeborahA.Yurgelun-ToddandPerryF.Renshaw 5 Magnetoencephalography 77 DonaldC.Rojas,PeterD.TealeandMartinL.Reite Part2 Ethicalfoundations 6 Ethicalissuesinneuroimagingresearchwith 99 children L.EugeneArnold,AlanJ.Zametkin,Lauren CaravellaandNicoleKorbly Part3 Normaldevelopment 7 Braindevelopmentandevolution 113 ManuelF.Casanova,DanielBuxhoevedenand GurkirpalS.Sohal v vi Contents 8 Cognitivedevelopmentfroma 137 17 Eatingdisorders 298 neuropsychologicperspective UttomChowdhury,IskyGordonandBryanLask DaisyM.PascualvacaandGloriaMorote 9 Cognitiveandbehavioralprobesof 155 Part5 Futuredirections developmentallandmarksforuseinfunctional neuroimaging 18 Techniquesofmoleculargenetics 315 B.J.Casey,KathleenM.Thomas,TomihisaF.Welsh, DavidJ.Vandenbergh RonaLivnatandClaytonH.Eccard 19 Issuesinthegeneticstudyofcomplex 328 neurobehavioralconditions Part4 Psychiatricdisorders DavidL.Pauls 20 Theduplicityofplasticity:aconceptual 335 10 Autism 171 approachtothestudyofearlylesionsand DianeC.Chugani developmentaldisorders 11 Functionalimaginginchildhood-onset 189 Ralph-AxelMüllerandEricCourchesne schizophrenia 21 UtilityofCANTABinfunctional 366 LeslieK.JacobsenandAlessandroBertolino neuroimaging 12 Pediatricmooddisordersandneuroimaging 205 AndyC.H.Lee,AdrianM.Owen, RobertA.Kowatch,PabloA.Davanzoand RobertD.Rogers,BarbaraJ.Sahakianand GrahamJ.Emslie TrevorW.Robbins 13 Neuroimagingofchildhood-onsetanxiety 224 22 Neurodevelopmentalassessmentofcognitive 379 disorders functionusingCANTAB:validationand DavidR.Rosenberg,LoriAnneD.Paulson, futuregoals FrankP.MacMasterandGregoryJ.Moore MonicaLucianaandCharlesA.Nelson 14 Tourette’ssyndrome:whatarewereallyimaging? 242 23 Functionalneuroimaginginchildpsychiatry: 398 BradleyS.PetersonandPrakashThomas futuredirections MoniqueErnstandJudithM.Rumsey 15 Dyslexia:conceptualissuesandpsychiatric 266 comorbidity Glossary 408 FrankB.WoodandD.LynnFlowers Index 418 16 Attention-deficithyperactivitydisorder: 278 neuroimagingandbehavioral/cognitiveprobes Colour plates between pp. 82 and pp. 83 and between JulieB.Schweitzer,CarlAndersonand pp.242andpp.243 MoniqueErnst Contributors CarlAnderson DepartmentofPsychiatry,HarvardMedicalSchool, Boston,MA,USA L.EugeneArnold ProfessorEmeritusofPsychiatry,OhioStateUniversity, Columbus,OH43210,USA AlessandroBertolino ClinicalBrainDisordersBranch,NationalInstituteof MentalHealth,NIH,Bethesda,MD20892,USA DanielBuxhoeveden MedicalCollegeofGeorgia,Augusta,GA30910,USA LaurenCaravella NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,NIH,Bethesda,MD 10892,USA ManuelF.Casanova MedicalCollegeofGeorgia,Augusta,GA30910,USA B.J.Casey SacklerInstituteforDevelopmentalPsychobiology,Weill MedicalCollegeofCornellUniversity,NewYork,NY 10021,USA UttomChowdhury DepartmentofPsychologicalMedicine,GreatOrmond StreetHospitalforChildren,LondonWCIN3JH,UK BradleyC.Christian WrightStateUniversityandKetteringMemorialHospital, Kettering,OH45429,USA DianeC.Chugani WayneStateUniversityandChildren’sHospitalof MichiganPETCenter,Detroit,MI48201,USA EricCourchesne DepartmentofNeurosciencesandtheChildren’sHospital ResearchCenterfortheNeuroscienceofAutism, UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,CA92037,USA vii viii Listofcontributors PabloA.Davanzo RonaLivnat UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofPittsburgh, Pittsburgh,PA15213,USA ClaytonH.Eccard DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofPittsburgh, MonicaLuciana Pittsburgh,PA15213,USA DepartmentofPsychologyandInstituteofChild Development,UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,MN GuinevereF.Eden 55455,USA InstituteforCognitiveandComputationalSciences, GeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter,Washington,DC FrankP.MacMaster 20007-2197,USA WayneStateUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Department ofPsychiatryandBehavioralNeurosciences,Detroit,MI GrahamJ.Emslie 48201,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,SouthWesternMedicalCenter atDallas,Dallas,TX75235-9070,USA GregoryJ.Moore WayneStateUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Department ChristopherJ.Endres ofPsychiatryandBehavioralNeurosciences,Detroit,MI JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,MD,USA 48201,USA MoniqueErnst GloriaMorote BrainImagingCenter,NationalInstituteonDrugAbuse, PsychiatricAssociatesofAlexandria,Alexandria,VA Baltimore,MD21224,USA 22314,USA RonaldE.Fisher EvanD.Morris BaylorCollegeofMedicine(Houston)andVeteransAVairs SensorSystems,Sterling,VA,USA Hospital,Houston,TX,USA Ralph-AxelMüller D.LynnFlowers DepartmentofCognitiveScienceandtheChildren’s DepartmentofNeurology,BowmanGraySchoolof HospitalResearchCenterfortheNeuroscienceofAutism, Medicine,WinstonSalem,NC27157-1043,USA UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,CA92037,USA IskyGordon RaymondF.MuzicJr GreatOrmondStreetHospitalforChildren,London, CaseWesternReserveUniversityandUniversityHospital WCIN3JH,UK ofCleveland,OH44106,USA PeterHerscovitch CharlesA.Nelson NIHClinicalCenter,NationalInstitutesofHealth, DepartmentofPediatricsandInstituteofChild Bethesda,MD20892-1180,USA Development,UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,MN LeslieK.Jacobsen 55455,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,YaleSchoolofMedicine,West AdrianM.Owen Haven,CT06516,USA WolfsonBrainImagingCentre,Cambridge,UK NicoleKorbly DaisyM.Pascualvaca NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,NIH,Bethesda,MD SectiononClinicalandExperimentalNeuropsychology, 10892,USA LaboratoryofBrainCognition,NationalInstituteof RobertA.Kowatch MentalHealth,Bethesda,MD20892,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,SouthWesternMedicalCenter DavidL.Pauls atDallas,Dallas,TX5235-9070,USA ChildStudyCenter,YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine, BryanLask NewHaven,CT06150,USA GreatOrmondStreetHospitalforChildren,London LoriAnneD.Paulson WCIN3JH,UK WayneStateUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Department AndyC.H.Lee ofPsychiatryandBehavioralNeurosciences,Detroit,MI DepartmentofExperimentalPsychology,Universityof 48201,USA Cambridge,CambridgeCB23EB,UK Listofcontributors ix BradleyS.Peterson GurkirpalS.Sohal YaleChildStudyCenter,NewHaven,CT06520,USA MedicalCollegeofGeorgia,Augusta,GA30910,USA MartinL.Reite PeterD.Teale UniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesandDenver UniversityofColoradoHealthSciences,Denver,CO VeteransAVairsMedicalCenter,Denver,CO80262,USA 80262,USA PerryF.Renshaw KathleenM.Thomas BrainImagingCenter,Belmont,MA02178,USA DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofPittsburgh, Pittsburgh,PA15213,USA TrevorW.Robbins DepartmentofExperimentalPsychology,Universityof PrakashThomas CambridgeandtheMRCCognitiveandBrainSciences YaleUniversity,NewHaven,CT06520,USA Unit,CambridgeCB23EB,UK DavidJ.Vandenbergh RobertD.Rogers CenterforDevelopmentalandHealthGeneticsand DepartmentofExperimentalPsychology,Universityof DepartmentofBiobehavioralHealth,ThePennsylvania Cambridge,CambridgeCB23EB,UK StateUniversity,Philadelphia,PA16802,USA DonaldC.Rojas TomihisaF.Welsh UniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,Denver, DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofPittsburgh, CO80262,USA Pittsburgh,PA15213,USA DavidR.Rosenberg FrankB.Wood WayneStateUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Department SectionofNeuropsychology,WakeForestUniversity ofPsychiatryandBehavioralNeurosciences,Detroit,MI BaptistMedicalCenter,WinstonSalem,NC27157-1043, 48201,USA USA JudithM.Rumsey DeborahA.Yurgelun-Todd ClinicalNeuroscienceBranch,NationalInstituteof BrainImagingCenter,McLeanHospitalandHarvard MentalHealth,Rockville,MD20857,USA MedicalSchool,Boston,MA,USA BarbaraJ.Sahakian AlanJ.Zametkin DepartmentofPsychiatry,UniversityofCambridge, DivisionofIntramuralResearch,ChildPsychiatryBranch, Cambridge,UK NationalInstituteofMentalHealth,NIH,Bethesda,MD 20892,USA JulieB.Schweitzer MarylandPsychiatricResearchCenter,Universityof ThomasA.ZeYro Maryland,Baltimore,MD21228,USA SensorSystems,Sterling,VA20164,USA
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