Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems PDF
Preview Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
FUNCTION AND METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: Nathan Back State University of New York at Buffalo N. R. Di Luzio Tulane University School of Medicine Bernard Halpern College de France and Institute of Immuno·Biology Ephraim Katchalski The Weizmann Institute of Science David Kritchevsky Wistar Institute Abel Lajtha New York State Research Institute for Neurochemistry and Drug Addiction RodoIro Paoletti University 0/ Milan Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 64 IMMUNOLOGIC PHYLOGENY Edited by W. H. Hildemann and A. A. Benedict· 1975 Volume 65 DILEMMAS IN DIABETES Edi ted by Stewart Wolf and Beatrice Bishop BerIe • 1975 Volume 66 IMMUNE REACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES: Development, Expression, and Control Edited by Michael Feldman and Amiela Globerson • 1976 Volume 67 ATHEROSCLEROSIS DRUG DISCOVERY Edited by Charles E. Day. 1976 Volume 68 CURRENT TRENDS IN SPHINGOLIPIDOSES AND ALLIED DISORDERS Edited by Bruno W. Volk and Larry Schneck. 1976 Volume 69 TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Physiological and Pathological Aspects Edited by Giulio Levi, Leontino Battistin, and Abel Lajtha • 1976 Volume iO KININS: Pharmacodynamics and Biolo/l:ical Roles Edited hy F. Sicuteri, Nathan Back, and G. L. Haberland. 1976 Volume 71 GANGLIOSIDE FUNCTION: Biochemical and Pharmacological Implications Edited by Giuseppe Porcellati, Bruno Ceccarelli, and Guido Tettamanti • 1976 Volume 72 FUNCTION AND METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS Edited by Giuseppe Porcellati, Luigi Amaducci, and Claudio Galli. 1976 FUNCTION AND METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS Edited by Giuseppe Porcellati University of Perugia Perugia, Italy Luigi Amaducci University of Florence Florence, Italy and Claudio Galli University of Milan Milan, Italy PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data International Satellite Meeting on Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, Cortona, 1975. Function and metabolism of phospholipids in the central and peripheral nervous systems. (Advances in experimental medicine and biology; v. 72) Includes index. 1. Neurochemistry-Congresses. 2. Phosphatides-Congresses.1. Porcellati, Giuseppe. II. Amaducci, Luigi. III. Galli, Claudio. IV. Title. V. Series. [DNLM: 1. Phospholipids Physiology-Congresses. 2. Phospholipids-Metabolism-Congresses. 3. Central nervous system-Metabolism-Congresses. 4. Peripheral nerves-Metabolism-Congresses. WI AD559 v.72 1975/QU93 I6lf 1975J QP356.3.I52 1975 599'.01 '88 76·15617 ISBN 978-1-4684-0957-4 ISBN 978-1-4684-0955-0 (eBook) DOl 10.1007/978-1-4684-0955-0 Proceedings of the International Satellite Meeting on Function and Metabolism of Phospholipids in Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems held at Cortona, Tuscany, Italy, August 1975 ©1976 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1976 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Preface The present volume contains all the contributions and general discussion presented at the International Satellite Meeting on Func tion and Metabolism of Phospholipids in Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems held at Cortona, Tuscany, Italy in August 1975. The Satellite Meeting was organized on the frame of the 5th Inter national Congress of the International Society for Neurochemistry (Barcelona, 2-7 september 1975) and was just run before it. The publication of the scientific content of this volume has been made possible by the collaboration of the speakers, the discussants, the Meeting Chairman, the section chairmen and of all the scientists who have taken part at the Symposium and who deeply and actively discussed the lectures and the contributions to the General Discus sion which were delivered. In order to obtain rapid publication of the volume, however, the single discussions for each delivered contribution will not be reported here. The general subject of membrane structure, of the turnover of its lipid components in CNS and PNS, their functional implica tions and pharmacological actions, was explored in details from the stand-points of the various contributors in biophysics, biochem istry, physiology, cytology, pharmacology and pathology. The whole Symposium was effiCiently introduced and closed by Dr. W. Stoffel. The meeting has been thought to have been very successful. It gave certainly in our opinion a noticeable stimulus to bioche mical research workers in the field of lipid neurochemistry. The editors express their thanks to the authors of the papers and to the Plenum Publishing Company for the rapid response. which has ena bled the prompt publication of this volume, and to the auditorium v PREFACE of the meeting, which was attended by more than two hundred research workers actively interested in problems of lipid neurochemistry. Our final thank is for Dr. Francesco della Valle, official representative of FIDIA Research Laboratories, Abano Terme, Padua, Italy, to whom we are grateful for his continuous and efficient support. The contribution of the Secretarial Staffs of both the Department of Biochemistry of Perugia University and FIDIA Labo ratories to the editorial work is also gratefully acknowledged. Perugia, December 1975 Giuseppe Porcellati Luigi Amaducci Claudio Galli Contents STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PHOSPHOLIPID IN BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES Significance of Minor Glycerolipids in Membrane Structure and Function .•.•.•..•....•.••••. 3 R.H. Michell, D. Allan and J.B. Finean Effect of Phospholipase-C on the Structure and Function of Mitochondria and Sonic Fragments .••••.. 15 G.F. Azzone, E. Viola, E. Strinna and M. Bragadin Contribution of Phospholipids to the Surface Charge of Neuronal Membranes 21 W.J. Moore METABOLISM AND TURNOVER OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN NERVOUS TISSUE Cytidine Diphosphate Diglyceride of Bovine Brain and Liver: Isolation and Characterization •••.• 27 W. Thompson Synthesis and Turnover of Brain Phosphoglycerides Results, Methods of Calculation and Interpretation .••••.•••••••••••••••••• 37 L.A. Horrocks, A.D. Toews, D.K. Thompson and J.Y. Chin vii viii CONTENTS Metabolic Studies on 1-Alkyl- and 1-Alk-1'-Enyl Glycero-phosphatides in the Brain 55 H. Woelk, G. Porcellati and G. Goracci The Contribution of Net Synthesis and Base-Exchange Reaction in Phospholipid Biosynthe- 63 S1S •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• G. Arienti, M. Brunetti, A. Gaiti, p. Orlando and G. Porcellati Regulatory Aspects of Phospholipid Metabolism in Brain ..................................... 79 P. Orlando, F. Cerrito and G. Porcellati Renewal of Phospholipids in the Myelin Sheath 95 R.M.Q Dawson anu R.M. Gould Studies on Phospholipid Metabolism in Cultured Dissociated Brain Cells •••••••••••••••••• 115 E. Yavin The Turnover of Choline and Ethanolamine Plasmalogens in Glial and Neuronal Cells of the Rabbit in vivo 123 G. Goracci, E. Francescangeli, R. Mozzi, H. Woelk and G. Porcellati Phospho- and Glycosphingolipid Metabolism in a Rat Neurinoma Clone (RN6) Studied in Tissue CuI ture .................................. 131 L. Binaglia, K. Karageosian and W. Stoffel De Novo Glycerolipid Biosynthesis in the Toad and Cattle Retina. Redirecting of the Pathway by Propranolol and Phentol- am1lle ....................•...........•... 139 N. G. Bazan, M.G. llincheta de Boschero, N.M. Giusto and H.E. Pascual de Baz~ Accumulation and Metabolism of Phosphatidyl-CMP (CDP Diglyceride) in the Pineal Gland of the Rat •••••.••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 149 G. Hauser and J. Eichberg CONTENTS ix ASPECTS OF PHOSPHOLIPID FUNCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The Role of Choline Kinase in the Brain ••••••••••••••••••••• 161 G.B. Ansell and S. Spanner Functional Roles of Phospholipids of Synaptosomal Membrane .••••.•••••••...••.•.••..••..•••• 169 A. Y. Sun and G. Y. Sun Phospholipid Metabolism in Electrically Stimulated Synaptosomes ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 199 J.N. Hawthorne, J.E. Bleasdale and M.R. Pickard The Effects of Neurotransmitters and Cyclic Nucleotides on the Metabolism of Phospholipids in Synaptic Membranes of Brain •••••••••••••• 211 C.E. Rowe and R.J. Gullis Effects of Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacological Agents on Phospholipid Metabolism in the Rabbit Iris Muscle ••••••••.••••••• 227 A.A. Abdel-Latif Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism and Myoinositol 1,2-Cyclic Phosphate Action in Smooth Muscle ••••••••••••.••••••••••••••• 257 E.G. Lapetina and L.M. Zieher Phospholipids and the Gaba Receptor ••••••.••.•...•.....••••• 265 C.T. Giambalvo and p. Rosenberg PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Effect of Polar Lipids on Cerebral Content of Free Glucose in Mice ••••••••••••••••••••• 271 A. Bruni, A. Leon and E. Boarato x CONTENTS Investigations into the Relationship between Phospholipids and Brain Acety1 choline ................................. 285 p. Mantovani, G. Pepeu and L. Amaducci Phospholipid-Induced Modifications in the Brain of Animals Fed with Cholesterol Supplemented Diet •••••.•••••••••••••.••• 293 G. Toffano, p. Gonzato, and D. Benvegnu Possible Role of BC-PL in Enhancing 32pi Incorporation into Mice Brain Phospholipids ••••••••••• 307 A. Leon and G. Toffano PHOSPHOLIPID IN BRAIN DAMAGE Free Arachidonic Acid and Other Lipids in the Nervous System during Early Ischemia and after Electroshock •••••••••••••••.••••••• 317 N.G. Bazan Dietary Induced Modifications of Brain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Changes of Free Arachidonic Acid Release during Ischaemia •••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••• 337 C. Galli, C. Spagnuolo, M. Rodriguez and R.J. Cenedella Possible Effects of Serum Transferases on Brain Phospholipid Metabolism ••••••••••••••••• 347 D. Inzitari, L. Bartolini, G.E. De Medio and L. Amaducci Modifications of Glycerol Phosphoglyceride Metabolism in Cell Storage Phenomena ••••••••••••••• 357 J.R. Wherret and S. Huterer
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