Fuckology: Critical Essays on John Money’s Diagnostic Concepts PDF
Preview Fuckology: Critical Essays on John Money’s Diagnostic Concepts
Fuckology Fuckology Critical Essays on John Money’s Diagnostic Concepts Lisa Downing, Iain Morland, and Nikki Sullivan The University of Chicago Press chicago & london lisa downing is professor of French discourses of sexuality at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. iain morland works in music technology as an audio editor, sound designer, and programmer. nikki sullivan is an honorary researcher in the Department of Media, Music, Communication, and Cultural Studies and teaches in the School of Communication, International Studies, and Languages at the University of South Australia. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London © 2015 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. Published 2015. Printed in the United States of America 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN-13: 978-0-226-18658-0 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-18661-0 (paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-18675-7 (e-book) doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226186757.001.0001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fuckology : critical essays on John Money’s diagnostic concepts / Lisa Downing, Iain Morland, and Nikki Sullivan. — 1 Edition. pages cm Includes index. ISBN 978-0-226-18658-0 (cloth : alkaline paper) — ISBN 978-0-226-18661-0 (paperback : alkaline paper) — ISBN 978-0-226-18675-7 (e-book) 1. Money, John, 1921–2006. 2. Sexology. 3. Gender identity. I. Downing, Lisa, author. II. Morland, Iain, 1978– author. III. Sullivan, Nikki, 1962– author. HQ60.F83 2015 306.7—dc23 2014010241 This paper meets the requirements of ansi/niso z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). c o n t e n t s Acknowledgments vii Introduction: On the “Duke of Dysfunction” 1 Part 1 Mapping 1 The Matter of Gender 19 Nikki Sullivan 2 A Disavowed Inheritance: Nineteenth-Century Perversion Theory and John Money’s “Paraphilia” 41 Lisa Downing 3 Gender, Genitals, and the Meaning of Being Human 69 Iain Morland Part 2 Vandalizing 4 Cybernetic Sexology 101 Iain Morland 5 Reorienting Transsexualism: From Brain Organization Theory to Phenomenology 133 Nikki Sullivan 6 “Citizen-Paraphiliac”: Normophilia and Biophilia in John Money’s Sexology 158 Lisa Downing Conclusion: Off the Map 182 Index 201 a c k n o w l e d g m e n t s Lisa thanks the Leverhulme Trust for the award of a 2009 Philip Leverhulme Prize, which provided two years of research leave from the University of Ex- eter, and the Wellcome Trust for a Research Expenses grant that funded a trip to the Kinsey Institute, University of Indiana, in 2011 to carry out archival research in the John Money Collection. Thanks are due to the staff of the Kinsey Institute, especially Shawn C. Wilson and Liana Zhou, for their help in the course of this visit. Lisa is individually indebted to the following col- leagues for providing—variously—information, ideas, feedback, references, and platforms for the dissemination of this research: Peter Cryle, Robby Da- vidson, Tim Dean, Robbie Duschinsky, John Forrester, Gert Hekma, Jennifer Burns Levin, Charles Moser, Dany Nobus, Eliza Steinbock, and Elizabeth Stephens. For invaluable discussions and information, Iain thanks Neil Badmington, Diane Black, Jake Buckley, Helen D’Artillac-Brill, Milton Diamond, Alice Dreger, Katie Gramich, Laura Gregory, Katrina Karkazis, Emma Ralph, Keith Sigmundson, and Richard Symes. For feedback on earlier versions of chap- ter 3, Iain thanks Robert Eaglestone, Mandy Merck, Margrit Shildrick, and Joanna Zylinska. Chapter 3 originates in research that was supported by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council, and includes material previously published as “Plastic Man: Intersex, Humanism and the Reimer Case,” Sub- ject Matters 3, no. 2/4, no. 1 (2007): 81–98, which is reproduced here with per- mission of London Metropolitan University, and with thanks to Paul Cobley. Nikki is grateful to all those who have helped her to think through the ma- terial covered in chapters 1 and 5, in particular, Kellie Greene, Susan Stryker, viii Acknowledgments Samantha Murray, Jessica Cadwallader, Elizabeth Stephens, Dennis Bruining, Rosalyn Diprose, Sara Ahmed, and, of course, Iain and Lisa. She would also like to thank the Special Collections staff at the University of Otago Library, Dunedin, for help navigating the collection of John Money’s manuscripts and papers. All three authors would like to thank the team at the University of Chicago Press, especially Douglas Mitchell and Tim McGovern, and the expert read- ers, Ivan Crozier and Susan Stryker, for their constructive feedback on this manuscript. I n t r o d u c t i o n On the “Duke of Dysfunction” Lisa Downing, Iain Morland, and Nikki Sullivan Dr. John Money is the Duke of Dysfunction, a man who writes about “unspeakable” human sexual problems with such dignity and care that his case histories make me feel almost normal. John Waters, jacket endorsement for John Money, Gendermaps: Social Constructionism, Feminism, and Sexosophical History The New Zealand-born, US-based psychologist John Money (1921–2006) has had a singular infl uence on the diagnosis and treatment of (to use Money’s terms) “hermaphroditism,” “transsexualism,” and “paraphilia.”1 The recep- tion of his more than fi ve hundred articles and over forty books, as well as hundreds of neologisms including “gender” itself, has been both exception- ally signifi cant and strikingly uneven.2 Whereas “gender” is now a ubiquitous, everyday term in the English-speaking world, and “lovemap” has entered the lexicon of popular psychology, some of his more outlandish coinages, concepts, and recommendations have entered neither popular nor medical currency. Money’s widespread yet disparate uptake is explained partly by the fact that his stylistically bizarre texts were aimed at multiple audiences, most of- ten physicians, psychiatrists, and sexologists, but sometimes anthropologists, historians, psychoanalysts, and lay readers. Money’s career was also beset by ethical controversy, exemplifi ed by the internationally publicized case of Da- vid Reimer. Following sex reassignment in infancy under Money’s guidance, in response to a circumcision accident, Reimer’s story was held variously to show Money as humane and barbaric, naive and deceitful, a social construc- tionist and an anatomical determinist. Just as Money’s ideas have been char- acterized as either pathologizing or liberating, so too has Money’s fl amboyant persona been beatifi ed or damned. These tendencies to polarize Money and his work are both productive and symptomatic of a failure to interrogate the
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