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From Tiberius to the Antonines: A History of the Roman Empire AD 14-192 PDF

874 Pages·2014·45.078 MB·English
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5 1 0 2 y a M 6 0 5 0 : 6 0 t a ] y t i s r e v i n U s u n g a M s a t u a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D Routledge Revivals From Tiberius to the Antonines 5 1 0 2 y a M 6 The first two centuries of the Christian era were largely a period of con- 0 5 solidation for the Roman Empire. However, the history of the heyday of 0 : Roman imperium is far from dull, for Augustus’ successors ranged from capable 6 0 administrators - Tiberius, Claudius and Hadrian - to near-madmen like Cali- t a gula and the amateur gladiator Commodus, who might have wrecked the ] y system but for its inherent strength. t i s r ve Albino Garzetti’s classic From Tiberius to the Antonines, first published in 1960, ni presents a definitive account of this fascinating period, which combines a clear U s and readable narrative with a thorough discussion of the methodological pro- u blems and primary sources. Regarding difficult historical questions, it can be n g relied upon for careful and reasonable judgments based on a full mastery of an a M immense amount of material. Nearly three hundred pages of critical notes and s a comprehensive bibliography complement the text, ensuring its continuing a t u relevance for all students of Roman history. a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D 5 1 0 2 y a M 6 This page intentionally left blank 0 5 0 : 6 0 t a ] y t i s r e v i n U s u n g a M s a t u a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D From Tiberius to the Antonines A History of the Roman Empire AD 14-192 5 1 0 2 y a M Albino Garzetti 6 0 5 0 : 6 0 t a ] y t i s r e v i n U s u n g a M s a t u a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D Routledge REV I VA SLTaylor & Francis Group Firstpublishedin1974 byMethuen&CoLtd Thiseditionfirstpublishedin2014byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,Oxon,OX144RN andbyRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness 5 ©1974Methuen&CoLtd. 1 20 TherightofAlbinoGarzettitobeidentifiedasauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedby y him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act a 1988. M 6 All rightsreserved.No part ofthis bookmaybe reprintedor reproducedor utilisedin 0 any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter 5 invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or 0 retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers. : 6 0 Publisher’sNote t a Thepublisherhasgonetogreatlengthstoensurethequalityofthisreprintbutpoints y] outthatsomeimperfectionsintheoriginalcopiesmaybeapparent. t i s Disclaimer r e v The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes ni correspondencefromthosetheyhavebeenunabletocontact. U s ALibraryofCongressrecordexistsunderLCcontrolnumber:74170753 u n g a ISBN13:978-1-138-01920-1(hbk) M ISBN13:978-1-315-77909-6(ebk) s a t Additional materials are available on the companion website at u a http://www.routledge.com/books/series/Routledge_Revivals t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D ALBINO GARZETTI 5 1 FROM TIBERIUS 0 2 y a M TO THE ANTONINES 6 0 5 0 : A History of the Roman Empire 6 0 t ] a AD 14-192 y t i s r e v i n J. U Translatedb y R. Foster s u n g a M s a t u a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D METHUEN & CO LTD LONDON First publishedi n 1960 as L'Impero da Tiberio agli Antonini by Istituto di Studi Romani,R ome 5 © 1960 Istituto di Studi Romani,R ome 1 0 This English translation, including 2 author's revisions and additions,f irst publishedi n 1974 • ay by Methuen & Co Ltd, 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE M First publisheda s a University Paperbacki n 1976 6 © 1.974 Methuen & Co Ltd 0 Printed in Great Britain by 5 Butler & Tanner Ltd, Frome and London 0 : 6 ISBN 0 416 16800 0 (hardbacke dition) 0 t ISBN 0 416 70480 8 (paperbacke dition) a ] This title is available in both hardback and paperbacke ditions. The paperback y t edition is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or i rs otherwise,b e lent, resold, hired out or otherwisec irculated without the publisher's e prior consenti n any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published v i and without a similar condition including this condition being imposedo n the n U subsequenpt urchaser. s u Distributed in the USA by n g HARPER & ROW PUBLISHERS, INC. Ma BARNES & NOBLE IMPORT DIVISION s a t u a t y V f o y r a r b i L [ y b d e d a o l n w o D CONTENTS 5 1 0 2 y a M 6 0 5 0 Translator'sP reface page xi : 6 0 t a y] PART I it THE JULIO-CLAUDIAN DYN ASTY s r e iv I TIBERIUS 3 n U The Successiona fter Augustus 3 us The Early Stagesa nd the Programmeo f Tiberius's Reign 19 n g Germanicus 33 The Trials 43 a M The Dynastic Crisis and the SejanusA ffair 5I s Difficulties Abroad 63 The Last Years 67 a t u ta II GAlUS 80 y V The Early Days 80 Absolutism and Self-deification 86 f External Affairs 92 The End 100 o y ar III CLAUDIUS 106 r b The Continuationo f the Principate 106 i L [ Claudius the Man - The Family - the Court - the Nobility 11 I y b The Princeps:A ctivity Abroad II? ed The Statesmana nd Reformer I 3I ad The Decline and End 141 o l n w IV NERO 146 o 'Quinquenniuma ureum' 146 The Assertion of Despotism 157 D ExternaI1Affairs: Parthiaa nd Britain, the Rhine and the Danube 170 The Collapse 181 Vllt CONTENTS PART II CRISIS AND RENEWAL: FROM GALBA TO TRAJAN V THE PRINCIPATE'S FIRST CRISIS 15 OR THE YEAR OF THE FOUR EMPERORS 193 0 2 The Reign of Galba 193 The Reign of Otho 203 y The Reign of Vitellius 212 a M 06 VI VESPASIAN AND TITUS 227 5 Vespasian'sV ictory 227 0 6: The Reorganizationo f the Empire 236 0 t Foreign Affairs: Wars and Conquests2 53 a ] The Reign of Titus 257 y t i s er VII DOMITIAN 265 v i DeclaredA utocracy 265 n U The Conflict with the Aristocracy 269 s u The Governmento f the Empire 276 The Wars 286 n g The Terror and the End 292 a M as VIII NERVA 296 t u Successiona nd Work 296 a yt The Adoption of Trajan and the End 304 V f y o IX TRAJ AN 308 r 'Optimus princeps' 308 The Dacian Wars 318 a r b Public Works 329 Policy and Administration 33 9 i L The Zenith of the Empire 355 [ y The Conquesto f the East and the End 363 b d e d a o l PART III n w HADRIAN AND THE ANTONINES o D X HADRIAN 377 'Pax Romana'a nd 'Aeternitasi mperii' 377 Hadrian'sJ ourneys 386 The Administrative Machine 402 Security and Defence 4 8 Society and Culture 424 I The End 435 CONTENTS IX XI ANTONINUS PIUS 441 'Tranquillitas Ordinis' 441 Administration 445 Legislation 455 'Moenia mundi': the Defenceo f the Imperial Peace 4_60 5 Tradition and Conservation4 66 1 20 XII MARCUS AURELIUS AND LUCIUS VERUS 472 y The 'Double Principate' 472 The War in the East 474 a M The First Serieso f Wars on the Danube- 6 Germansa nd Sarmatians4 80 0 5 Crisis in the East and the Last GermanW ar 499 0 : The Work of Government 506 6 0 at XIII COMMODUS 528 y] 'Natus imperator' 528 The Events of the Reign 531 t si The Achievementso f the Reign 539 r ve The End of Commodusa nd the Twilight of the Principate 548 i n U s APPENDICES u n g a PART I: CRITICAL NOTES M On the Successiono f Tiberius 557 s a On the Rule of Tiberius 563 Germanicus 572 t u a The Trials 576 Sejanus.T he Last Years of Tiberius 577 t y Gaius and his Reign 580 V f Claudius. Personality, Education, Family Circumstances5 86 o y Claudius'sW ork 589 r a Nero. Personalitya nd Milieu 605 r b i The Reign of Nero. Internal Problems 612 L [ The Reign of Nero. Wars and the Provinces 618 y b The Year of the Four Emperors 622 ed The Advent of the Flavians 629 d a The Work of Vespasian6 )4 The Reign of Titus 642 o l The Figure of Domitian and the Conflict n w with the Aristocracy 645 o D The Work of Domitian 649 The Wars Waged by Domitian 655 The Reign of N erva 658 The Reign of Trajan. Successiona nd Adoption. Chronological Problems 661 Trajan's Administration 664 The Wars of Trajan 676 Hadrian. The Successiona nd the Programmeo f the Reign 68 I

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