From Er to E. T.: How Electromagnetic Technologies are Changing Our Lives

213 Pages·4.414 MB·\213

FROM ER TO E.T.
IEEEPress
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IEEEPressEditorialBoard
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GeorgeW.Arnold ZiaoouLi RayPerez
GiancarloFortino VladimirLumelsky LindaShafer
DmitryGoldgof Pui-InMak ZidongWang
EkramHossain JeffreyNanzer MengChuZhou
FROM ER TO E.T.
How Electromagnetic Technologies
Are Changing Our Lives
RAJEEV BANSAL
TheIEEEPressSeriesonElectromagneticWaveTheory
AndreasC.Cangellaris,SeriesEditor
Copyright©2017byTheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers,Inc.
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS
ABOUTTHEAUTHOR ix
PREFACE xi
1 ONTHESHOULDERSOFGIANTS 1
1.1 He(a)dyStuff / 1
1.2 FromRussiawithoutEnglish / 3
1.3 OntheShouldersofGiants / 5
1.4 Do-it-yourselfExecution? / 8
1.5 Franklin:DidHeorDidn’tHe? / 10
1.6 DeMagnete(“OntheMagnet”) / 12
1.7 AEurekaMoment / 15
1.8 AuldLangSyne / 17
1.9 AsSingularasaDeltaFunction? / 19
1.10 PublishorPerish? / 21
DIDYOUKNOW? 24
2 THEEARTHANDBEYOND 27
2.1 IntheEyeoftheBeholder / 27
2.2 RosesareRed,VioletsareBlue… / 30
2.3 2003:AnEarthOdyssey? / 32
v
vi CONTENTS
2.4 WhichCameFirst:BigBangorBigCrunch? / 34
2.5 WhistlingintheDark? / 36
2.6 GoingBeyondaSelfie / 38
DIDYOUKNOW? 41
3 SEARCHFOREXTRATERRESTRIALINTELLIGENCE(SETI) 45
3.1 LittleGreenMen:APhantomMenace? / 45
3.2 WaitingforGodot? / 47
3.3 IsThereAnybodyThere? / 49
3.4 ScienceorScienceFiction? / 51
DIDYOUKNOW? 54
4 PROFESSIONALISM:ETHICSANDLAW 59
4.1 DidMaxwellPullaFastOne? / 59
4.2 CellPhonesandCancer:AnatomyofaLegalOpinion / 61
4.3 Happy200thAnniversary! / 64
4.4 EinsteinDoesn’tWorkHereAnymore / 66
4.5 ItisaBird.ItisaPlane.Itis… / 68
DIDYOUKNOW? 71
5 HEALTHEFFECTSOFELECTROMAGNETICFIELDS 75
5.1 SayAuRevoirtoCellPhones? / 75
5.2 ElectromagneticHypersensitivity / 78
5.3 FromBellTowertoCellTower / 80
5.4 Nocebo:ReadingThisColumnmayAffectYourHealth / 83
5.5 MagneticPull:BiologicalEffectsorMedicalApplications? / 85
5.6 CloseEncountersWithRadiationoftheOtherKind / 88
DIDYOUKNOW? 91
6 BIOMEDICALAPPLICATIONS 95
6.1 HowManyBiologistsDoesitTaketoFixaRadio? / 95
6.2 TheGrandChallenges / 97
6.3 BiomedicalApplications:TakingStock / 99
CONTENTS vii
6.4 TuggingattheHeartstrings / 101
6.5 AJoltfromtheBlue? / 103
6.6 ChannelingtheVoiceWithin / 105
6.7 BattlingCancer:MicrowaveHyperthermia / 107
DIDYOUKNOW? 110
7 DEFENSEAPPLICATIONS 113
7.1 WhereisWaldo? / 113
7.2 Antimagnet / 115
7.3 CuttingtotheChase / 117
7.4 Twenty-FirstCenturyWarfare / 119
7.5 OnaWingandaPrayer / 121
7.6 ELFCommunication:AnObituary / 122
7.7 CatchingupwithProfessorScarry / 124
7.8 CriminalInterference / 126
7.9 WirelessNetworks:AnElectronicBattlefield? / 130
DIDYOUKNOW? 133
8 DOMESTICANDINDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONS 137
8.1 Blowin’intheWind / 137
8.2 SharingtheRoad / 139
8.3 RarenoMore? / 141
8.4 LocalHeating? / 143
8.5 ComingSoontoaWal-MartNearYou / 145
8.6 HasYourCatGonePhishing? / 148
8.7 TheFutureofWirelessCharging / 150
8.8 ElectropollutionorSustainableEnergy? / 151
DIDYOUKNOW? 154
9 COMMUNICATIONSYSTEMS 157
9.1 SmallisBeautiful / 157
9.2 GigabitWi-Fi / 159
9.3 OpenSpectrum:ATragedyoftheCommons? / 161
9.4 Near-FieldCommunication / 163
viii CONTENTS
9.5 ANewDigitalPhone? / 165
9.6 ElectronicCountermeasures / 167
DIDYOUKNOW? 170
10 LIFELONGLEARNING 175
10.1 BacktoBasics / 175
10.2 PreachingtotheChoir? / 177
10.3 TheOtherDavos? / 180
10.4 Mirror,MirrorontheWall;whoistheFairestofThemAll? / 182
10.5 EquationsRedux / 184
10.6 NewYear’sResolutionsLaws / 185
10.7 ThroughaGlassDarkly / 187
10.8 StrangerThanFiction? / 189
10.9 HighFrequencyEducation:WhatDoYouThink? / 191
AFTERWORD 195
INDEX 197
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Rajeev Bansal received his Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Harvard University in
1981.Sincethenhehastaughtandconductedresearchintheareaofappliedelectro-
magneticsattheUniversityofConnecticutwhereheiscurrentlyaProfessor(1992–)
andHead(2009-)oftheDepartmentofElectrical&ComputerEngineering(ECE).
His technical contributions include three edited books [Fundamentals of Engineer-
ing Electromagnetics (2006), Engineering Electromagnetics: Applications (2006),
Handbook of Engineering Electromagnetics (2004)], two commercialized patents
(1989 and 1993), and more than 100 journal/conference papers/book chapters. Dr.
Bansal has served as an Editor/Reviewer of Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and
ApplicationsaswellasanAssociateEditorofRadioScience.Hehasalsoservedon
theeditorialadvisoryboardsofIETETechnicalReviewandtheInternationalJournal
ofRF&MicrowaveCAE.HeisacolumnistfortheIEEEAntennasandPropagation
Magazine(1987–)andtheIEEEMicrowaveMagazine(sinceitsinceptionin2000).
HeisafellowoftheElectromagneticsAcademy,anelectedmemberoftheConnecti-
cutAcademyofScienceandEngineering(CASE),andaseniormemberoftheIEEE.
HehasservedasaconsultanttotheNavalUnderseaWarfareCenter,Newport,RI.
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PREFACE
Electromagnetictechnologieshaveseepedintoeverycornerofourlives.Fromthat
cup of coffee one reheats in the microwave oven to the cellular wireless network
that lets one download an ebook in a jiffy, we depend on the marvels of these
technologieseveryday.Therearetimeswhenwewonderifourprivacyisgoingto
be made obsolete one day by RFID chips; others when we worry about the safety
of all this radiation around us. Love it or hate it, one cannot get away from these
electromagnetictechnologies.
In this book, I have tried to showcase many of these wonderful electromagnetic
technologies that are changing the world we live in (e.g., new medical devices for
theER)andthefuturetheymaycreateforus(e.g.,makingcontactwithE.T.some
day).ThebookowesitsgenesistotheregularcolumnsfortheIEEEAntennasand
PropagationMagazineandtheIEEEMicrowaveMagazinethatIhavebeenwriting
for many years. Based on the comments I have received, the columns have been
enjoyedbyscience/engineeringstudents,practicingengineers,academiccolleagues,
andmanymembersofthegeneralpublicwithaninterestintechnology.Inplanning
thebook,Ihadtwogoalsinmind:
1. Preservetheoriginalmath-freestyleoftheoriginalcolumnstomakethemate-
rialaccessibletothebroadestpossibleaudienceand
2. Createahandytextbooksupplementforstudentsandinstructorsincourseson
electromagnetics(andrelatedfields)byarrangingthematerialinaframework
thatincludesadditionaltechnicaldetailsandlinkstoelectromagnetictextbooks.
With respect to the second goal, it may be noted in passing that the current
accreditationcriteriaforelectricalengineeringprogramsemphasizethatstudents,in
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