FRIENDS, ACQUAINTANCES, PUPILS, AND PATRONS Japanese intellectual life in the late ...

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Friends, acquaintances, pupils and patrons:
Japanese intellectual life in the late eighteenth
century: a prosopographical approach
Beerens, Anna
Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version
Dissertation / phd thesis
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Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation:
Beerens, A. (2006). Friends, acquaintances, pupils and patrons: Japanese intellectual life in the late eighteenth
century: a prosopographical approach. (LUP Dissertaties). Leiden: Leiden Univ. Press. https://nbn-resolving.org/
urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-320183
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A nna Beerens
Friends, Acquaintances,
Pupils and Patrons
JAPANESE INTELLECTUAL
LIFE IN THE LATE EIGHTEENTH
CENTURY: A PROSOPOGRAPHICAL
APPROACH
LEIDEN UNIVERSITY PRESS
FRIENDS, ACQUAINTANCES, PUPILS, AND PATRONS
Japanese intellectual life
in the late eighteenth century:
a prosopographical approach
Anna Beerens
Leiden University Press
Cover design: Randy Lemaire, Utrecht
isbn 978 90 8728 001 7
nur 630
© Leiden University Press, 2006
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part
of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and
the author of the book.
FRIENDS, ACQUAINTANCES, PUPILS,
AND PATRONS
Japanese intellectual life
in the late eighteenth century:
a prosopographical approach
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van
de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden,
op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Dr. D.D. Breimer,
hoogleraar in de faculteit der Wiskunde en
Natuurwetenschappen en die der Geneeskunde,
volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties
te verdedigen op maandag 22 mei 2006
klokke 15.15 uur
door
Anna Maria Josephina Josephus Beerens
geboren te ’s-Hertogenbosch in 1957
Promotiecommissie:
Promotor: Prof. Dr. W. J. Boot
Referent: Prof. Dr. H. Bolitho (Harvard University, USA)
Overige leden: Prof. Dr. M. F. M. Forrer
Prof. Dr. W. R. van Gulik
Prof. Dr. B. J. ter Haar
Mw. Prof. Dr. R. Kersten
Prof. Dr. B.C.A. Walraven
Dr. J. J. de Jong (Universiteit Maastricht)
Mw. Dr. M. Winkel
Contents
Foreword 7
Abbreviations 9
PART I: INTRODUCTION 13
1:Questions 15
2: Definitions 21
3: Method 36
PART II: PROSOPOGRAPHY 45
The prosopography 47
PART III: ANALYSIS 165
1: Age 167
2:Backgroundandmobility 179
3: Teachers and pupils 206
4:Sources ofincome 220
5:Activities 232
PART IV: A FRESH LOOK AT TOKUGAWA-PERIOD
INTELLECTUAL LIFE 273
1: Intellectuals in the network 275
2: The Kansei Reforms 280
3: Intellectuals in society 288
B ibliography 293
1
Appendix 305
Table I: Sources of income 307
Table II:Activities 312

Foreword
After a long career in classical ballet, I went to study Japanese language and culture at
Leiden University. I was on the lookout for a new occupation in life, well-knowing that
my knees would not always be up to the strain, but I did not at the time expect this to be
a career in scholarship. Within the field of Japanology I have several interests, but it is
not in fact surprizing that I have now spent several years in researching the lives of
Japanese scholars and artists of the late eighteenth century of which this book is the
result. From my own experience I know what it is to have a shijuku, a private academy,
and what it means to handle culture as a commodity. And it is exactly these things that I
have tried to highlight in my account of intellectual life of the late Tokugawa period.
I would like to thank the following institutes for their support: NWO, het Leids
Universiteits Fonds, and the Culture Communications Fund, especially Jascha
Kraaipoel. I also thank the following individuals apart from those that the Leiden mores
forbid me to mention: Timothy Clark (British Museum), Rudolf Dekker (Erasmus
Universiteit, Rotterdam), Tom Harper (Tokyo), Jon de Jong (’s-Hertogenbosch),
Kumakura Isao (National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka), B.J. Mansvelt Beck
(Amsterdam), Steven Owyoung (St Louis Arts Museum), Marianne Thomeer (Leiden),
and Ellis Tinios (University ofLeeds).
Finally, I want to thank my former ballet pupils who have supported me in my choice
even if it was against their own interests. My husband has been a great help: a severe
critic and an indulgent hand at the computer.
February120061
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