Friedrich Nietzsche on Rhetoric and Language

301 Pages·1989·4.71 MB·English

by  Sander L. Gilman

FriedrNiiceht zsocnh e
RhetoraincdL anguage

FriedricNhi etzsocnh e
Rhetoriacn dL anguage
Editeadn dT ranslated
witah C ritiIcnatlr oducbtyi on
SandeLr.G ilman
CarolBel air
DaviJd. P arent
New York Oxford
OXFORD UNIVERSITYP RESS
1989
OxforUdn iversPirteys s
OxfordN ew York Toronto
DelhiB ombay CalcuttMaa drasK arachi
PetaliJanyga S ingaporHeo ngK ong Tokyo
NairobDia re sS alaamC apeT own
MelbourneA uckland
anda ssociactoemdp aniiens
BeiruBte rliInb adanN icosia
Copyrgiht© 198b9y SandeLr.G ilmaCna,r olBel aiDra,v iJd. P arent
PublishbeyOd x forUdn iversPirteys Isn,c .
200M adisoAnv enueN,e w YorkN,e w York1 0016
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storienda retriesvyaslt eomr,t ransmititnae ndy,f ormo rb ya ny
meanse,l ectromneicch,a nical, photroeccooprydiionnrgog ,t, h erwise,
withopurti opre rmissoifoO nx forUdn iversPirteys s.
LibraorfyC ongreCsast aloging-in-PuDbaltiac ation
NietzscFhrei,e drWiiclhh el1m8,4 4-1900.
FriedrNiiceht zsocnhr eh etoarnidcl angua:g wei tthh ef ultle xotf h isl ectuorner sh etoric
publisfhoertd h efi rstti me/ editaendd t ranslawtietdah, c ritiicnatlr oducbtyiS oann,d er
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p. cm.
Bibliograpp.h y:
Includes indexes.
ISBN0 -19-5051(5a9l-pk9a. p er)I.S BN0 -19-5051(6p0b-k2:. a lkp.a per)
I.R hetori2c..La nguages-PhilosoIp.Gh iyl.m anS,a ndeLr.
IIB.l aiCra,r oleI.I IP.a renDta,v iJd .I V.T itle.
B33I3.F16998 8
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Printiendt heU niteSdt atoefsA merica
ona cid-fpraepee r
Preface
Thefi rsptu blicaotfiF orni edrNiiceht zscchoem'psl elteec tuorne s
rhetowraiscm adep ossiobnllewy i tthh ec ooperatoifto hneG oethe­
SchilAlrecrh ivoeft heN ationRaels earacnhd M useumO rganiza­
tioonf C lassiGcearlm anL iteratWueriem,a ra,n di tdsi recKtaorrl ­
HeinHza hnw,h om adet hem anuscriapvtasi laWbel aer.e a lsgor ate­
fuflo rt hen ewc ritiecdailt ioofNn i etzscwhoer'kse ditbeydt hel ate
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oleB laiarn dp ublisihentd h ej ournPahli losoapnhdRy h etorWie c.
areg ratetfout lh ee ditoofrt hajto urnaPlr,o fesDsoonra lVde rene,
forhi sp ermisstioor ne publtihseth r anslaTthieoe ns.t ablishomfe nt
thee ntiGreer mant ext wuansd ertakbeySn a ndeLr. G ilman and
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welals t het ranslatoifto hnets e xtisnP art wIaIsd, o neb yD avidJ .
Paren(tw hor eceivfeudn difnrgo mt wos ourceIsl:l inSotiastU en i­
versiatnyda 198N4E H SummerS eminaartt heU niversoiftC ya l­
ifornDiaav,i su,n detrh ed irectorosfhJ iapm esJ .M urphy)T.h e
checkionftg h eG reetke xtwsa sa bldyo neb yF rederiHcokhee ndahl.
Ithaca, New York S.L..G
Jul1y9 87

Contents
Introduction lX
I
Darstedlelarun ntgi Rkheent orik 2
DescriopftA inocni eRnhte to(r81i7c2 -73) 3
I. TheC oncepotfR hetoric 3
II. TheD ivisioofRn h etoraincdE loquence 15
III.T heR elatiooftn h eR hetoritcoLa aln guage 21
IV. PuritCyl,a riatnyd,A ppropriatoefnt ehseEs l ocutio 27
V. TheT ypicSaple ecihnR elatitootn h eE mbellishment
ofS peech 37
VI. ModificatoifoP nu rity 43
VII.T heT ropicEaxlp ression 51
VIIIT.h eR hetoriFciaglu res 65
IX. TheR hythmo fD iscourse 83
X. TheD octrionfeS tasis 95
XI. Generaan dF igurCaaeu sarum 105
XII.T heP artosft heF orensSipce ech 107
XIIID.e liberaEtliovqeu ence 135
XIV.D eclamatEolroyq uence 141
XV. Dispositio 151
XVI.O n MemorainadA ctio 161
AppendiOxu.t lionfet heH istoorfyE loquence 167
AristotWlriet'isno gnRs h etoric 195
AnrnerkunzguernDn e utscTheexnt 198
Notetsot hEen glTiesxht 200
II
Ont hOeri gionfL angu(a8g16e9 -70) 209
TheH istoofryG reeEkl oque(n81c7e2 -73) 231
Ont hPeo e(t81 75) 243
VllI CONTENTS
On Rhythm( 1875) 244
On Trutahn dL yinign a nE xtra-MoSreanls (e1 873) 246
NameI ndex 258
SubjeIcntd ex 263
INTRODUCTION
NietzscLheec'tsu roensR hetoric:
Readinag R hetorRihce torically
Forr hetoirsti hce e ssenocfNe i etzscphhei'lso sophy.
HanBsl umenbergo,n M yWtohr2,k7 2.
AmongF riedrNiiceht zscehaer'lspy r eservwerdi tinagrses etosf
lectunroet ecso mposefdo rh isc oursaetst heU niversoiftB ya sel.
Ones uchs eotf n otetsh,o sfeo ra lectusreer ieenst it"lRehde toric,"
isp ublishheerdie n i tesn tirientG ye rmana ndi nt ranslaWthiiolne.
thefi rsste vesne ctioofnt sh esneo tewse rep ublishientd h eKr oner
(1192a)n dt heM usario(n91 22e)d itioonfNs i etzscwhoer'kss t,h e
concludniinnges ectiohnasv en evebre enp ublisheevde,ni nt he
morer eceanntd e xtensGievrem an-langeudaigtei oofnN si etzsche's
worksT.h ei mpacotft hee arliseerc tioofnt sh el ectuorner sh etoric
canb em easurbeydt hehiarv inbge ent ransliantteFodr enc(hb yP hi­
lippLea coue-LabaarntdhJ ee an-LNuacn cya)n di ntEon glibsyh
CarolBel ai(r" LectNuortee s"T)h.e slee ctufroersm t hec entoefra
corpuosft extisnw hicNhi etzsccohnes idelraendg uaagnedi tfsu nc­
tionW.i thouat d oubtth eb esktn ownt od aties t hep osthumously
publisheesds a"yO,n T rutahn dL yinign a nE xtra-MoSreanls ea, "
new,c omplettrea nslaotfiw ohni cahp peairnst hep resevnotl ume.
Ina ddititohnes, h ortuenrp ublisehsesda oynst he" OrigoifnL an­
guage",O"n t heP oet,a"n d" OnR hythm,n"e vebre forter anslated
intoE nglishha,v eb eeni ncludtedo completae v olumeo f
Nietzscnhoen'asp horitsetxitoc;sn t hen aturoefh umand iscourse.
Nietzschlee'cst uorner sh etorhiacv ec onsistebnetelndy a tetdo
187b4y t hee ditoorfst h ef ragmentGaerrym anp ublicatoifot nhse
lecturTehse.F rencthr anslaatrogruse idti sm orel iketlhya tth e
notewse rec omposeidn1 87W2h.a ti sc leairst haNti etzsocffheer ed
a serioefsl ectudruerisn gt he1 872-w7in3t esre mestaettr h eU ni­
versiotfBy a seoln " TheH istoorfyG reeEkl oquen(cter"a nsliant ed
thep resent voIluthm aesb) e.e na ssumetdh atth esset raightforward
x INTRODUCTION
lectuorne sth eh istoorfyc lassirchaelt oraircei dentiwciatlht he
coursoefl ectuwrheisc Nhi etzscahcet uaglalvye .
Nietzspcrhoep osae fdu rthceoru rsoefl ectuornec sl assirchaelt o­
ridcu rintgh es ummers emestoef1r 8 74B.e cauosfea l acokf s tudent
intertehsety n evetro okp lacaen,d t heq uestioofnt her elation
betweetnh et wos erioefsl ectuhraessn evebre enc larifiIetwd a.s
assumetdh atth em oree xtensive wneorteNe ise tzscphree'psa ration
fort hel ectusreer iteosh aveb eenh elidn 1 874I.ti sa rarset rookfe
luckt haLto uiKse lterb(owrhno l atebre camae writeurn detrh e
nameo fL udwiWgi lhelm Kelterbor[n1-8F5i3s-c1h9ew1ra0 s)o )n e
oft het wos tudenwthsof ormetdh ea udienfcoerN ietzsche's lectures
onc lassirchaelt odruiricn gt hew inteorf1 872-7H3e. l efutsw itah
detaialcecdo uonftt hea ctulaelc tures:
Ih adt hel uctko b ea blteo b ep arotf [ Nietzscchaer'esae]trt heu niver­
sitwyh,e nd,u rintgh ew intesre mestoefr1 872-7It3 o oka three-hour
lectucroeu rsoent her hetoorfit ch eG reekasn dt heR omansw ithhi m.
Asa c itizoefBn a seIla ,m stiolvle rcomwei tshh amew henI t hintkh at
sucha ni mportafnactu ltmye mbero nlyfo undt wos tudenotnse,o f
whom wasa studeonftG ermant,h eo thear s tudeonftl awA.n dt his
wast heo nloyn eo fh isa nnouncceodu rswehsi cwha sa ctuahlellydN .o
wondetrh aotu rb elovepdr oefssowrh,o seh ealtwha sa lreapdrye c­ar
iouss,o onr equesttheadwt e heatrh er esotf t hel ectuirneh si sa part­
mentT.h usw ef oundo urseltvherse eev eninag wse eki nh isfa miliarly
elegahnotm ef ort hilse ctucroeu rsTeh.e rwee l istetnoeh di mb yl amp­
ligahntd n oteddo wnt heb onm otsh ed ictaftroemd hisso ftr,e dl eather
notebooHke.r et ooh eo ftens toppiendt hem idsotf a lectueriet,h teor
thinokrt og ivues t imteo p rocewshsa tw eh adh earHde. w asg enerous
enougtho o ffeurs a b eera,C ulmb achewrh,i chhe w oulddr inoku to fa
silvceurp .F romt hes izoef m y notes-eigfhoutryc -rampeqdu arto
pages-oncea ni maginteh er iccho nteonftt hel ecturpeesr,h aepvse n
mores of rom thefo llowitnigt loefts h ev ariosuusb sections:
1.I ntroductDieofinn:i tihoins,t obriyb,l iograipnhcyl;u dtihnegf ol­
lowinigm portant observations: "Cclualsmsiincaaitlne de ducation
thea biltiots yp eawke ll".T"h eH elleantet emptteotd u ranl olf t he
occupatiooflnifse e,v enn ecessaintddy a ngeirn,t aog ameH.e d oes
nots tricstelpya rattreu tahn df alsehooidsm, o ret alenitnew dr iting
poetarnyd fi ctiodne,s irmeosr et ob ep ersuadtehda end ucataendd,
covertsh en ecesstiost pye awki tahr tisdtriacp er"yT.h"e R omani s
moren aturdarly,c, r udheo,w eveirnh imt hew ortohf t hei ndivid­
ualp ersonarleimtayi mnosr ei nt hefo reground."
2.T heD ivisioofnR hetor(itch dei dacteipci,d eicdteimco,n strative,
inventidvies;p ositeiloonc,u timoenm,o raicat,i o).