OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi FRIEDRICH MAX MÜLLER AND THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi PortraitofFriedrichMaxMüller PhotoW.Forshaw,Cassell’sUniversalPortraitGallery, London,Paris,andMelbourne1895,p.319. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi Friedrich Max Müller and the Sacred Books of the East ARIE L. MOLENDIJK 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©ArieL.Molendijk2016 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2016 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016930234 ISBN 978–0–19–878423–4 PrintedinGreatBritainby ClaysLtd,StIvesplc LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi ‘Onusanewlighthascome’ E.A.Freeman,1873 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/6/2016,SPi Preface The Sacred Books of the East series teaches us at least one lesson, according to its auctor intellectualis Friedrich Max Müller, namely that‘wearenottheonlypeoplewhohaveaBible’.Inhisview,these scholarly translations would contribute to both the historical study of oriental religions and to our own religious self-understanding.1 Müller had no doubts that the serious study of the Orient would be beneficial ‘for us’ in intellectual as well as religious respects. The editorial work of Max Müller was much appreciated not only in the West,butalsoinIndia.Inthe1960stheSacredBooksoftheEastwere acceptedintheIndianTranslationSeriesoftheUNESCOCollection of Representative Works (1948–2005), jointly sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)andtheGovernmentofIndia.2 The idea to devote a larger study to the series emerged during my stay at the International Consortium for Research in the Humanities ‘DynamicsintheHistoryofReligionsbetweenAsiaandEurope’atthe RuhrUniversityofBochum,fromMay2010toMay2011.Somewhat remotely, the title of the consortium reminded me of Max Müller’s overlyoptimisticviewsofthedeepconnectionsandfruitfulexchanges betweenEastandWest.Idevelopedthisprojectinsomedetaillateron andwashappytobeabletopursuethisventureduringmysabbaticalin 2012–13 at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIAS) in Wassenaar. I am grateful to the directors and hosts of both institutions, professors Volkhard Krech and LucianHölscherin Bochum,and Professor Aafke Hulk in Wassenaar.TheNIASlibrarystaffwereoftremendoushelpingetting copiesofrarebookstomystudyintheoldWassenaarvillawherethe Fellowshadtheirrooms.NIASalsofundedthecostsforthecorrection ofonechapterofthebook.Thesomewhatsecludedlocationprovided 1 MaxMüller,‘ForgottenBibles’,NineteenthCentury15(1884)1004–22,p.1021; reprintedinLastEssays.SecondSeries:EssaysontheScienceofReligion,Londonetc.: Longmans,Green,andCo.,1901,pp.1–35. 2 Cf. <http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000681/068108fo.pdf>; Etiemble, ‘“Connaissance de l’Orient”’, Le Courrier [published monthly by the UNESCO in 32languages]39(Janvier1986),9–11,32,note7.
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