Freshwater Crayfish: A Global Overview PDF
Preview Freshwater Crayfish: A Global Overview
FRESHWATER CRAYFISH A Global Overview © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC FRESHWATER CRAYFISH A Global Overview Editors Tadashi Kawai Fisheries Research Department Wakkanai Fisheries Research Institute Hokkaido Japan Zen Faulkes The University of Texas-Plan American Edinburg TX USA Gerhard Scholtz Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin Institut fur Biologie/Vergleichende Berlin Germany p, A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC GL--Prelims with new title page.indd ii 4/25/2012 9:52:40 AM Cover illustration reproduced by kind courtesy of the first editor of the book, Tadashi Kawai CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20150706 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-8640-6 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Preface With more than 500 species and a worldwide distribution (thanks in part to human introductions) freshwater crayfi sh or Astacida are an evolutionarily very successful decapod group. Since astacids are an excellent food source and show a very characteristic appearance, there is a longstanding cultural history of freshwater crayfi sh refl ected by numerous depictions, recipes, proverbs and tales. In addition to fi sheries of wild freshwater crayfi sh, a number of species were developed as aquaculture resources in many regions, especially in the USA and China. There are large fi sheries for the red swamp crayfi sh, Procambarus clarkii, which are distributed to markets globally. This species is also easily reared and bred in small aquariums, so it has often been used in teaching exercises, ranging from elementary schools to undergraduate laboratories in universities. A more recent development is the culture of freshwater crayfi sh as ornamental organisms in home aquariums. This is due to their often colorful bodies and unusual shapes. In particular, North American, Asian and European aquarists are fascinated by their marvelous body features, such as claws and armor, and huge aquarium trade markets have been established. Despite the abundance and global spread of a few species, many freshwater crayfi sh species are extremely endangered. If their environmental circumstances change for the worse, it is diffi cult for crayfi sh to escape to other water systems, often resulting in the decline or extinction of populations. Crayfi sh are the largest mobile invertebrates in freshwater ecosystems, and often they take the role of ‘keystone species’ in ecological systems and act as ‘umbrella species’ for small ectosymbionts on their bodies. If crayfi sh numbers decline in their natural habitats, a cascade of other great losses for ecological systems is caused, for regional environments and species diversity. Freshwater ecosystems have always been deeply affected by human activities, such as damming of rivers or stocking fi sh for recreational fi shing, and these can cause extinction of regional crayfi sh populations and create new endangered species. Other human activities affecting crayfi sh include illegal introduction of alien species, over exploitation of crayfi sh populations and urbanization, among others. However, over the past years, several new fi ndings and research techniques that could aid in the conservation of many endangered crayfi sh species have been developed. Nevertheless, just over 10 years ago, a new potential threat, a parthenogenetic crayfi sh known as Marmorkrebs or marble crayfi sh, was discovered in the German aquarium trade. Marble crayfi sh are spreading in Africa and Europe, and a few individuals have been discovered in rivers in Asia. Due to its reproduction mode a single female is able to generate a new population of this destructive non-native crayfi sh, making this a worrying animal from a conservation standpoint. There is an urgent need © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC vi Freshwater Crayfi sh to alert individuals, agencies and governments of this new threat to the conservation of native freshwater ecosystems around the globe, including diverse native crayfi shes. This book introduces the most recent information about crayfi sh biology, with special reference to the potential of marble crayfi sh to be both a threat to conservation, and a potential model aquatic organism for aquatic and laboratory research. This volume also presents new research techniques, discusses the global diversity of crayfi sh, and the likely conservation status of freshwater crayfi sh for the next 10 years into the future and beyond. All for crayfi sh! Tadashi Kawai Zen Faulkes Gerhard Scholtz © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Contents Preface v Section 1: Marbled Crayfi sh—A New Model Organism for Biology 1. GENERAL BIOLOGY—Happy Birthday! The First Decade of 3 Marmorkrebs Research—Results and Perspectives Gerhard Scholtz 2. Predicting the Distribution of Crayfi sh Species: A Case Study 13 Using Marble Crayfi sh Teresa Patricia Feria and Zen Faulkes 3. Marble Crayfi sh as A New Model Organism and A New 31 Threat to Native Crayfi sh Conservation Zen Faulkes 4. A Preliminary Study on the Tolerance of Marble Crayfi sh 54 Procambarus fallax f. virginalis to Low Temperature in Nordic Climate Katrin Kaldre, Anton Meženin, Tiit Paaver and Tadashi Kawai 5. Reproductive Biology: Parthenogenesis: Mechanisms, Evolution, 63 and its Relevance to the Role of Marbled Crayfi sh as Model Organism and Potential Invader Peer Martin 6. Aquarium: Marbled Crayfi sh Gaining Ground in Europe: the 83 Role of the Pet Trade as Invasion Pathway Christoph Chucholl 7. Cell Biology Research on Stem Cells, Aging, Cancer Resistance, 115 and Epigenetics in Marbled Crayfi sh and Relatives: Potential Benefi ts for Human Biology and Medicine Günter Vogt © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC viii Freshwater Crayfi sh Section 2: Crayfi sh: New Developments 8. Aquaculture: Developing Markets for a New Product: 161 Aquacultured Redclaw in Mexico Antonio Garza de Yta 9. The Biology of Crayfi sh Plague Pathogen Aphanomyces astaci: 182 Current Answers to Most Frequent Questions Svetlana Rezinciuc, Jose V. Sandoval-Sierra, Birgit Oidtmann and Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo 10. A Review of Current Techniques for Sampling Freshwater 205 Crayfi sh Stephanie Parkyn 11. Behavior: Behavioral Ecology of Crayfi sh: Its Contribution to 221 Conservation and Management Elena Tricarico 12. Chaos and Adaptation in the Pathogen-Host Relationship in 246 Relation to the Conservation: The Case of the Crayfi sh Plague and the Noble Crayfi sh Japo Jussila, Ivana Maguire, Harri Kokko and Jenny Makkonen 13. Crayfi sh as Tools of Water Quality Monitoring 275 Pavel Kozák and Iryna Kuklina 14. Phylogenetic Estimate of the Freshwater Crayfi sh 298 (Decapoda: Astacidea) using Morphology and Molecules David Stern and Keith A. Crandall Section 3: Global Overview of Freshwater Crayfi sh Biology 15. Asia 313 Tadashi Kawai, Gi-Sik Min, Evgeny Barabanshchikov, Vjacheslav Labay and Hyun Sook Ko 16. The Crayfi sh Fauna of Canada and the United States in 369 North America Roger Thoma 17. Historical Biogeography of Pacifastacus Crayfi shes and their 404 Branchiobdellidan and Entocytherid Ectosymbionts in Western North America Eric R. Larson and Bronwyn W. Williams 18. The Crayfi sh of Middle America 448 Fernando Alvarez and José Luis Villalobos 19. The Native South American Crayfi sh (Decapoda: Parastacidae) 464 Erich Harry Rudolph and Mauricio Pereira Almerão © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Contents ix 20. Oceania: The Freshwater Crayfi sh of the Oceania Region 485 James M. Furse, Quinton F. Burnham, Kathryn L. Dawkins and Alastair M.M. Richardson 21. Crayfi sh of Africa 583 Christopher B. Boyko 22. Crayfi sh in Europe: Biogeography, Ecology and Conservation 594 Leopold Füreder 23. Global Overview of Branchiobdellida (Annelida: Clitellata) 628 Stuart R. Gelder and Bronwyn W. Williams Index 655 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
The list of books you might like
