Frequency-domain receiver design for doubly selective channels

175 Pages·2017·9.761 MB·English

by  Dinis, Rui, Montezuma, Paulo Miguel, Silva, Fábio José

Frequency-Domain
Receiver Design
Doubly Selective
for
Channels

Frequency-Domain
Receiver Design
Doubly Selective
for
Channels
Paulo Montezuma
Fabio Silva
Rui Dinis
Boca Raton London New York
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Contents
Authors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
List of Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
List of Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Motivation and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Book Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Large-Scale Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.1 Path-Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.2 Shadowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Small-Scale Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.1 The Multipath Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.2 Time-Varying Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3 Block Transmission Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.1 Transmission Structure of a Multicarrier Modulation . . . . 35
3.2 Receiver Structure of a Multicarrier Modulation . . . . . . . 36
3.3 Multicarrier Modulations or Single-Carrier Modulations? . . 38
3.4 OFDM Modulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.4.1 Analytical Characterization of the OFDM Modulations 42
3.4.2 Transmission Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.4.3 Reception Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.5 SC-FDE Modulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.5.1 Transmission Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.5.2 Receiving Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.6 Comparative Analysis between OFDM and SC-FDE . . . . 54
v
vi (cid:4) Contents
3.7 DFE Iterative Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.7.1 IB-DFE Receiver Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.7.2 IB-DFE with Soft Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.7.3 Turbo FDE Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4 Approaching the Matched Filter Bound . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.1 Matched Filter Bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.1.1 Approaching the Matched Filter Bound . . . . . . . . 67
4.1.2 Analytical Computation of the MFB . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.2 System Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.3 Performance Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.3.1 Performance Results without Channel Coding . . . . . 71
4.3.2 Performance Results with Channel Coding . . . . . . 72
5 Efficient Channel Estimation for Single Frequency Networks 79
5.1 System Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
5.1.1 Channel Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
5.1.2 Channel Estimation Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . 84
5.2 Decision-Directed Channel Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
5.3 Performance Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6 Asynchronous Single Frequency Networks . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.1 SFN Channel Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
6.2 Impact of Carrier Frequency Offset Effects . . . . . . . . . . 98
6.3 Channel and CFO Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
6.3.1 Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.3.2 Tracking the Variations of the Equivalent Channel . . 101
6.4 Adaptive Receivers for SFN with Different CFOs . . . . . . 102
6.4.1 Method I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
6.4.2 Method II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
6.4.3 Method III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
6.5 Performance Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7 Multipath Channels with Strong Doppler Effects . . . . . . 113
7.1 Doppler Frequency Shift due to Movement . . . . . . . . . . 114
7.2 Modeling Short-Term Channel Variations . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.2.1 Generic Model for Short-Term Channel Variations . . 116
7.2.2 A Novel Model for Short-Term Channel Variations . . 117
7.3 Channel Estimation and Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
7.3.1 Channel Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
7.3.2 Tracking of the Channel Variations . . . . . . . . . . . 121
7.3.2.1 Using the Sampling Theorem to Track the
Channel Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
7.3.2.2 A Novel Tracking Technique . . . . . . . . . 122
7.4 Receiver Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Contents (cid:4) vii
7.5 Performance Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
A Important Statistical Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
A.1 Rayleigh Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
A.2 Rician Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
A.3 Nakagami-m Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
B Complex Baseband Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C Minimum Error Variance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Authors
Paulo Montezuma received a PhD from
Faculdade de Ciˆencias e Tecnologia, Univer-
sidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT-UNL), Portu-
gal, in 2007. Currently, he is professor at
FCT-UNL. From 1992 to 2007, he was a re-
searcher at CAPS (Centro de An´alise e Pro-
cessamentodeSinal),IST.Since2001,hehas
beenaresearcheratUninova,andsince2013
he has also been a researcher at IT (Insti-
tuto de Telecomunicac¸˜oes). Dr. Montezuma
hasbeenactivelyinvolvedinseveralnational
andinternationalresearchprojectsinthebroadbandwirelesscommunications
area. His research interests include: coding, wireless transmission, estimation,
and detection techniques.
Fabio Silva received a PhD from Facul-
dade de Ciˆencias e Tecnologia,Universidade
Nova de Lisboa (FCT-UNL), Portugal, in
2015. Currently, he is an engineer at Ana-
com, a Portuguese telecommunications reg-
ulator.HewasaresearcheratUninova-FCT
from 2008 to 2015. Since 2013, he has been
a researcher at IT (Instituto de Telecomu-
nica¸c˜oes). From 2010 to 2015 Dr. Silva was
activelyinvolvedinseveralnationalresearch
projects in the broadband wireless communications area. His research inter-
estsinclude:radiotransmission,channelestimation,anddetectiontechniques.
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